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Prevalensi HIV pada LSL terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun, 8% pada 2007 menjadi 17% pada 2011. Tingginya prevalensi HIV pada populasi ini disebabkan oleh pratek perilaku seks aman berupa penggunaan kondom secara konsisten yang masih rendah, 32% pada 2007 dan 24% pada 2011. Tujuan penelitian: Diperolehnya informasi yang mendalam tentang faktor-faktor pendukung dan penghambat perilaku penggunaan kondom secara konsisten pada pekerja seks laki-laki panti pijat serta situasi dan pola penggunaan kondomnya. Desain penelitian: Kualitatif menggunakan rapid assessment procedures. Sebanyak 30 informan dipilih melalui ?stratified? purposive sampling dari 15 panti pijat laki-laki, diwawancarai secara mendalam menggunakan structured open-ended question, ditranskrip dan matriks dibuat untuk memilah data sesuai tema-tema yang muncul. Observasi situasi di panti pijat dan analisis dokumen dilakukan untuk melengkapi wawancara mendalam. Analisis-interpretasi data dilakukan berdasarkan 5 level Socio Ecological Model. Hasil: Sebagian besar faktor-faktor pada level individual (pengetahuan, motivasi dan kesiapan menggunakan kondom, niat, keputusan menggunakan kondom, keterampilan, dan selfefficacy) dalam situasi yang memadai dan menjadi faktor pendukung penggunaan kondom secara konsisten. Namun pengaruh faktor-faktor ini tidak langsung dan sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor interpersonal terutama klien, atasan/manajer panti pijat, teman dan pasangan tetap serta oleh faktor-faktor situasi organisasi panti pijat seperti aturan organisasi, mekanisme rantai suplai distribusi dan promosi kondom, struktur dan budaya organisasi. Faktor-faktor pada level komunitas tidak mendukung tetapi juga tidak menghambat secara langsung karena jejaring, kapasitas, kepemimpinan, partisipasi dan sumber daya komunitas masih embrional dan belum kuat. Faktor-faktor pada level kebijakan publik mendukung perilaku penggunaan kondom informan karena memungkinkan ketersediaan dan distribusi kondom serta program HIV berjalan di panti pijat. Namun karena adanya kontradiksi antara beberapa kebijakan publik, pengaruhnya menjadi terbatas. Ditemukan juga ada 3 pola umum penggunaan kondom pada informan yang merupakan model sederhana dari stage of change model, health believe model, precaution adoption process model dan social cognitive theory. Kesimpulan/rekomendasi: semua informan telah menggunakan kondom tetapi hanya sebagian kecil informan, sekitar 30%, yang penggunaan kondomnya konsisten. Faktor pada level interpersonal dan organisasional adalah faktor yang paling mempengaruhi penggunaan kondom informan dibandingkan faktor-faktor pada level individual, komunitas dan kebijakan publik. Disarankan agar intervensi pencegahan HIV menyasar lebih dalam faktor-faktor pada kedua level tersebut.
Background: HIV prevalence among MSM increase time to time, 8% in 2007 to 17% in 2011. High HIV prevalence among this population caused by low unsafe sex practices in form of consistent condom use, 32% in 2007 and 24% in 2011. Study purpose: to acquired insight of consistent condom use suporting and inhibiting factors among massage parlor-based male sex workers as well as situation and patterns of condom use behavior. Study design: qualitative approach using rapid assessment procedure method. Thirty informans were select through ?stratified? purposive sampling from 15 massage parlors, interviewed using structured open-ended questions, trancripted and matrix developed for data sorting to captured any emerged themes. Documents and secondary data analysis and observation carried out to suplement indepth interview. Data analysis and interpretation done based on 5 levesl of Socio Ecological Model. Results: Most of factors at individual level (knowledge, motivation and readiness to use condom, behavioral intention, deicion about acting, condom use skill, self-efficacy) were adequate and as supporting factors for consistent condom use practices. However influences of these factors was indirect and greathly influenced by interpersonal factors particularly by clients, massage parlor managers, peers and steady partners as well as by organizational factors such as massage parlor work regulation, condom supply chain management and promotion, organizational culture and structure. Factors at community level were neither support nor inhibit directly to consitent condom use practices. These are mainly caused by inadequate and embryonic stage of community networking, capacity, leadership, participation, and resources. Factors at public policy level support informant?s consistent condom use practices since these factors enabled condom availability and distribution and presence of HIV prevention program inside the massage parlors as well. However due to contradiction among those existing public policy, the influences were narrow. This study found 3 general patterns of informant?s condom use practices which are served as simple model of social cognitive theory, stages of change model, health believe model and precaution adoption process model. Conslusion/recommendation: All informants had used condom but only few of them, about 30%, had used it consistently. Factors at interpersonal and organizational level were the most influencing factors for consistent condom use practices among informants compared to factors at individual, community and public policy level. It is recommended to have deeper and more intensive intervention at those two levels.
HIV transmission shows a significant increase in the high risk group of Menwho have Sex with Men (MSM). Unsafe sex behavior is one of the factors that causesthis. Consistent use of condoms has been one of the most effective HIV preventionefforts in this group. Programs such as free condoms by the government have beenconducted, but the number of HIV-positive MSMs has increased, following thisqualitative study. The study aimed to find out in-depth information on the depiction ofcondom use behavior in MSM in the Puskesmas Bogor Timur in 2019. Data collectionwas conducted from July to August 2019 by in-depth interviewing twelve MSMinformants and two staff informant .In this study, most informants had good knowledge of HIV / AIDS, positiveattitude toward condoms, very accessible condoms (good accessibility), role of partner,role of fellow MSM and role of health workers and field personnel many informantssay these factors support them in using condoms consistently. However, there are stillinformants who do not practice condom use consistently, either because of their lackof knowledge to the role of sex partner who do not support condom use during sex.Thus, the behavior of condom use in LSL in the Puskesmas of Bogor Timur areinfluenced by HIV / AIDS knowledge and condom benefits, attitudes toward condomuse, accessibility to condom use, partner roles, attendant roles and the role of fellowMSM.Key words : Condom use, Men who have Sex with Men (MSM), HIV transmition.
The purpose of this study was to determine the factors (predisposing factors suchas age, knowledge about HIV AIDS, attitudes towards condom use, enablingfactors are exposure to HIV AIDS program and the availability of condoms,reinforcing factor is the existence of peer support groups associated with thepractice of the use of condoms on transsexuals in Tangerang city in 2015. Thisstudy used cross sectional design with a sample totaling 151 transvestites taken ofthe total sample and questionnaire as a measuring tool of the study. The results ofthis study showed that 55.6% of respondents always use a condom, 56.3 % of thesame age to 30 years, 57.6% good knowledge, 51.7% negative attitudes towardcondom use, 53.6% are exposed to HIV AIDS program, 62.3% providedcondoms, 76.2% no peer support groups. According to chi square test there arefour variables that have a significant relation to the practice of condom use ontranssexuals that knowledge about HIV AIDS, exposure to HIV AIDS program,the availability of condoms, and peer support. The most dominant factor is theexposure of HIV-AIDS program to the practice of the use of condoms on atranssexual.Keywords: transvestites, condoms, HIV AIDS
Remaja putri yang tinggal di panti sosial merupakan kelompok rentan yang berisiko tinggi terlibat dalam perilaku seksual berisiko, seperti kehamilan di luar nikah, infeksi menular seksual (IMS), dan kekerasan seksual. Kerentanan ini dipengaruhi oleh kurangnya dukungan keluarga, pengalaman trauma, keterbatasan akses informasi kesehatan reproduksi, serta pola asuh institusional yang kurang memberikan bimbingan emosional. Kehidupan setelah keluar dari panti yang tidak dipersiapkan dengan baik juga memperbesar risiko mereka mengalami masalah reproduksi. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut, diperlukan intervensi kesehatan seksual dan reproduksi yang dirancang khusus untuk remaja putri di panti sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan, persepsi risiko (keparahan, kerentanan, efikasi diri), dan niat pencegahan perilaku seksual berisiko. Penelitian menggunakan desain kuasi-eksperimental dengan kelompok intervensi (n=55), kontrol (n=62), dan peer educator (n=14). Hasil uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan pada seluruh variabel dalam kelompok intervensi dan peer educator (p < 0,05), sedangkan kelompok kontrol menunjukkan perubahan yang tidak bermakna secara statistik (p > 0,05). Intervensi CSE terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan kesiapan remaja putri menghadapi risiko perilaku seksual. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pelaksanaan CSE berbasis peer education secara berkelanjutan di panti sosial.
Adolescent girls living in child welfare institutions are a vulnerable group at high risk of engaging in risky sexual behavior, such as unintended pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and sexual violence. This vulnerability is influenced by a lack of family support, past trauma, limited access to reproductive health information, and institutional care that often lacks emotional guidance. Poor preparation for life after leaving the institution further increases their risk of reproductive health issues. Based on this situation, sexual and reproductive health interventions tailored specifically for adolescent girls in child welfare institutions are needed. This study aimed to assess the effect of Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) on improving knowledge, risk perception (severity, vulnerability, self-efficacy), and the intention to prevent risky sexual behavior. A quasi-experimental design was used involving an intervention group (n=55), control group (n=62), and peer educator group (n=14). Wilcoxon tests showed significant improvements in all variables for the intervention and peer educator groups (p < 0.05), while the control group showed no statistically significant changes (p > 0.05). The CSE intervention proved effective in increasing adolescents’ preparedness to face risky sexual behavior. This study recommends the sustainable implementation of peer-based CSE in child welfare institutions.