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This thesis will explain further about analysis of factors which can caused fire in receiving fuel storage tank activities. Tank fire in T. 24 Depot Plumpang, is what forms the background of this thesis. The writer will do some measurements such as persentage of LEL (Lower Explosion Limit), MIE (Minimum Ignition Energy) on the top of the fuel storage tank and also energy that occurs because of friction with equipments which are been used. From the measurement of LEL's percentage, the result is, the condition at the top of fuel storage tank when receiving activity is done will be in flammabe circumstances, either in the afternoon or in the night, where the percentage of LEI is 30% about 3 meter far from the source. From MIE measurement the result of class I fuel is 0.25 Joule-0,274 Joule in LEL's condition of` 20%-40%. For premium 0.274 Joule in LEL's percentage of 40 %. Pertamax 0.243 Joule in LEL`s percentage of` 30% dan Pertamina Plus 0.25 Joule in LEL's percentage of` 20%. Pertamax plus has the Smallest minimum ignition energy compared with premium and pertamax. For friction energy, the result is, minimum energy in cotton rope is 7,4 E -9 J and maximum energy in dipstick stainless material is 4,5l E-5 J. The researcher suggests that to not doing activity on the top of fuel storage tank when receiving activity is done.
Kata kunci : BREEZE Incident Analyst, tangki timbun, Premium, konsekuensi, dispersi gas, kebakaran,kolam api, BLEVE, ledakan.
Oil and gas industries normally use storage tanks containing flammable materials and hazardous to health, therefore the risk for the occurrence of gas dispersion, fire, andexplosion is very high when the failure happened storage tank. Modeling performed in thisstudy aimed to determine the consequences of the events of gas dispersion, fire and explosiondue to leakage in the Premium storage tank with a capacity of 5000 liters at PT Pertamina(Persero) Terminal BBM Panjang, Lampung which is an oil and gas industry. This research isa quantitative modeling. Modeling done using software BREEZE Incident Analyst at threetypes of hydrocarbons that become Premium components, namely hexane, heptane, andpentane.Results of this research are presented range and consequences of gas dispersion, fire,and explosion for the three zones based on the level of concern of each scenario. The rangeand consequences of this modeling will be analyzed by the system fire safety and emergencymanagement in PT Pertamina (Persero) Terminal BBM Lampung, Lampung.
Keywords:BREEZE Incident Analyst, storage tank, Premium, consequences, gas dispersion, fire, poolfire, BLEVE, explosion
Proses pengolahan gas di Plant SBN adalah sebuah pabrik yang mempunyai bahaya cukup tinggi. Kandungan gas alam yang didalamnya terdapat gas atau matcri pengotor seperti H2O, C02, H28 dan pengotor lainnya akan menyebabkan peralatan cepat mengalami kerusakan (teijadi korosi, penipisan dan retak). I-Iasil dari prosess produksi berupa gas, kondensaie dan sisa air produksi mempunyai tingkat bahaya yang berbeda. Disamping itu apabila gas tersebut bocor atau keluar dan terpapar ierhadap pekerja atau lingkungan dapat berakibat fatal. Penelitian ini berupa penilaian resiko yang bersifat analitis deslcritif dengan melakukan analisa dan perhitungan kemungkinan kegagalan Qorobability offailure-POP) dan tingkat keparahan dari suatu kegagalan (consequence of failure-COD dari suatu kejadian terhadap 6 buah tangki timbnm di Plant SBN dengan mengunakan prinsip standar API 581 qualitative risk assessment berupa label checklist. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan factor proability of failure (POP) dan consequence of failure (COF) disimpulkan bahwa tingkat rcsiko 6 buah tangki timbun yang ada di Plant SBN adalah sebagai berikut: tangki condensate 235-T-101A dan 235-T-101B mempunyai tingkat nesiko "tinggi"; tangki condensate 235-T-201 mempunyai tingkat resiko "medium-tinggi"; tangki diesel fuel 247-T-101, produce water 258-T-101 dan 258-T-201 mempunyai tingkat reslko "rendah". Damage Factor dan Inspection Factor mempakan falctor kontribusi dominan dalam perhimngan kemunglcinan kegagalan sedangkan Chemical Factor, Quantity Factor, Auto Ignition Factor, Pressure Factor, dan Credit Factor (S'cy@ty Protection) merupakan faktor kontribusi dominan dalam perhitungan konsekwensi kegagalan pada ke-6 buah tangki tezsebut selama proses peuilaian resiko.
Gas refinery process at SBN Plant is a plant which contains hazardous material/fluid during its process. Natural gas composition as hydrocarbon contains impurities such as HQO, CO2, H23 and other particles, which may cause equipment damage (including corrosion, thinning or cracking). A product from gas refinery is gas, condensate and produce water which they have difference hazards characteristic. However if there is gas or condensate leaking or exposed to employees or environment, it can lead a worst event. This research is to perform risk assessment using descriptive analysis approach by calculating and analyzing the probability of failure (POF) and consequence of failure (COF) at 6 (six) storage tanks at SBN Plant by using API 581 Standard as qualitative risk assessment approach with checklist table. Results suggested that probability of failure (POF) and consequence of failure (COF) factors are as follows: condensate tanks 235-T-101A and 235-T-101B have risk ranking "high"; condensate tank 235-T-201 has risk ranking "medium-high" (significant risk); diesel fuel tank 247-T-101, produce water tank 258-T-101 and 258-T-201 have risk ranking "low". Damage Factor and Inspection Factor are dominant contributing factors in probability of failure calculation and Chemical Factor, Quantity Factor, Auto Ignition Factor, Pressure Factor, Credit Factor (Safety Protection) are dominant contributing factors for consequences of failure calculation for 6 (six) storage tanks during risk assessment process.
