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ABSTRAK
Latar belakang dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah karena meningkatnya persalinan sejak dilaksanakannya Program Jaminan Persalinan (JAMPERSAL) di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Fatmawati tahun 2011.
Metode penelitian deskriptif analitik melalui pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jumlah sampel 297 responden, diambil sebelum dan setelah dilaksanakan Program JAMPERSAL. Studi kualitatif dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan peserta JAMPERSAL dan karyawan RSUP Fatmawati serta audit klinik pada peserta dengan selisih biaya tertinggi setiap tahun.
Ketidaktepatan rujukan ditunjukkan dengan rujukan yang dominan dari Puskesmas DKI Jakarta serta dari RSUD Depok, tingginya persalinan spontan (25,25%- 35,4%) dan ketidaksesuaian diagnosis antara perujuk dan Dokter Spesialis Kebidanan dan Kandungan (14,8%- 22,9%). Didapatkan rerata selisih biaya persalinan spontan sebesar Rp 1,286,079.82 - Rp 4,306,453.02 dan sectio caesarea Rp 4,076,727.07 - Rp 6,280,824.40. Diperlukan penyempurnaan pelaksanaan Program JAMPERSAL didukung kebijakan lain secara terintegrasi.
ABSTRACT
This sudy is conducted due to uprising number of labor in Fatmawati General Hospital (RSUP Fatmawati) as a referral hospital in Jakarta ever since the Labor Insurance Programme (JAMPERSAL) initiated in the year 2011.
Descriptive analytic method was used with quantitative and qualitative approach. The total sample of 297 correspondents was taken from the labeor bofore and after the JAMPERSAL is launched. The qualitative study is achieved by interviewing the JAMPERSAL participant, the staff of RSUP Fatmawati, and also by conducting the clinical audit on patient with the highest cost difference annually.
Imprecision of the referral system is shown accordingly to the dominant referral from Puskesmas DKI Jakarta (21%-49,4%), RSUD Depokoverload quota as a reason (before JAMPERSAL 78,6% - after JAMPERSAL 90,5%), high number of spontaneous delivery (25,25%- 35,4%) and the dissimilarity between the diagnosis of the refers and the Obstetric Gynecologist (14,8%- 22,9%). It is drawn that the mean of cost difference in spontaneous delivery is 1,286,079.82 - 4,306,453.02 IDR while in caesarean section 4,076,727.07- 6,280,824.40 IDR. Improvement of the JAMPERSAL guidance is needed, supporting by other integrated policy.
ABSTRAK Keberhasilan universal health coverage di Indonesia sangat ditentukan oleh utilisasi sumber daya yang efisien di rumah sakit. Variasi biaya yang tinggi untuk perawatan tertentu menunjukkan indikasi bahwa rumah sakit belum cukup efisien dalam memanfaatkan sumber dayanya untuk menyediakan pelayanan. Length of stay (LOS) adalah salah satu faktor penting penentu biaya yang banyak digunakan sebagai indikator efisiensi rumah sakit dalam penggunaan sumber daya. LOS dan biaya perawatan dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, baik yang merupakan karakteristik pasien maupun faktor terkait manajemen di rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi seberapa besar hubungan antara karakteristik pasien dengan variasi LOS dan biaya perawatan,dan mengetahui gambaran penerapan clinical pathway sebagai upaya kendali mutu dan biaya pada pasien JKN rawat inap di RSUP Fatmawati dari tahun 2015 – September 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi usia, jumlah diagnosis, jumlah prosedur dan kelas rawat hanya dapat menjelaskan sedikit variasi LOS dan biaya perawatan (R 2 <34%). Sementara itu clinical pathway sebagai salah satu pendekatan manajemen untuk kendali mutu dan biaya belum diterapkan secara optimal. Berbagai upaya kreatif perlu dilakukan manajemen antara lain implementasi care plan, difungsikannya kembali case manager, pengisian CP secara elektronik dan identifikasi inefisiensi dalam pelayanan menggunakan data unit cost rumah sakit. Kata kunci: Length of stay (LOS), biaya (costs), efisiensi, clinical pathway, CMG
ABSTRACT Efficient use of resources in hospitals will contribute to successful implementation of universal health coverage in Indonesia. Substantial variation in hospital costs for certain diagnosis or procedure is an indication of resource use inefficiency. Length of stay is a well-accepted measure of resource utilization and a key driver to hospital costs. Variation in LOS and costs can be influenced by patient demographic and clinical factors that are outside a hospital’s control, in the meanwhile there are also factors within the control of a hospital. This research focuses on five Casemix Main Groups and aims to identify how patient characteristic factors contribute to variation in LOS and costs, and to investigate qualitatively the implementation of Clinical Pathway as a management approach to control LOS as well as hospital costs for JKN patients at RSUP Fatmawati, a class-A teaching hospital in Jakarta, from 2015 to September 2017. The result indicates that the variance in LOS and cost is not significantly correlated to patient’s age, number of diagnoses, number of procedures and room types as independent variables. The hospital has numerous clinical pathways that have not been optimally implemented yet for LOS and cost control. This research provides information for hospital management team to improve LOS performance by implementing care planning, intensive case management and to use cost data for identification of inefficiency of certain types of care. Keywords: Length of stay (LOS), costs, efficiency, clinical pathway, CMG
Back Ground Reference is a system of health service implementation, which results a delegation of responsibility on both sides toward a disease case or health problem vertically or horizontally, with an aim to increase any health level through a complete heath service based on the approach of improvement, prevention, curing and recovery. Rumah Sakit Umum Fatmawati since year 2000 has had a status as a service company hospital, however for the next future the status will be changed into Public Service Division (BLU). The status change of this hospital refers to an organization program as a business so this hospital has to start to change its management and be more oriented toward business management. Objective The aim of this research is to find out a mechanism Reference procedure which has been applied by RSUP Fatmawati Jakarta considering it has been pointed as a Reference Center of Orthopedics Surgery Service Methods The informants are referrals of on going patients and on stay patients that were conducted in July 2005. The measuring tools of the results were questionnaire, interview guidelines and check list. The variable of the research includes input, process and output. Results The result of the finished research shows that the policy is not really understandable, the Standard Operational Procedure (SOP) is not socialized well by RSUP Fatmawati Jakarta as the giver of the service, Human Resource in qualitatively and quantitatively of medical specialists is on the proper standard, skilled nurses are lacking, media and facilitation of room location are dispersed, health equipments are still uncompleted, and there is no first class room for a stay service. In some observation and document check, there is found something that the return reference to the hospital sender has not been given. The procedure of the patient reference is not suitable with its available guidelines. Conclusions Conclusion, the service of RSUP as a National Superior Hospital and Reference Center for Orthopedics Surgery Service, is not optimum yet in applying its system. There are enough medical Human Resources but lacking of skilled nurses, media and medical facilitation and socialization to the public. Suggestion, RSUP Fatmawati could improve its commitment more to carry out the reference system, and make a serious effort for the smoothness of communication with the whole reference levels. Keywords : Reference procedure, Hospital
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention is a nonsurgical intervention procedure byusing a catheter to dilate or open coronary vessels that are narrow with balloons andfollowed by stent replacement to keep blood vessels open. The process of narrowing ofthese coronary arteries can be due to the process of atherosclerosis or thrombosis. PCI isan procedure that is relatively expensive. It is related to the human resources involved,the consumabled used and the used of medical devices. This study aims to analyse thefactors associated with patient care costs with PCI procedure at Fatmawati GeneralHospital. This cross sectional study was conducted quantitatively through hospitalinformation system, billing and unit cost, and qualitatively through in-depth interview.The results show that the average cost for PCI procedure at Fatmawati General Hospitalin 2017 was Rp53,629,532 and the largest cost component of total PCI cost was the costof PCI intervention measure of 82,8%. The statistic results showed that the variablesseverity level, length of stay, use of ICCU and number of stents are correlated with totalcosts of procedure PCI, but variable room class, blood vessel occlusion and electivecases is not correlated to total cost of PCI.Keywords:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Cost of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention,Hospital PCI cost, Coronary stent.
