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Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwalama kerja mempengaruhi keluhan subyektif musculoskeletal disorders dantingkat risiko ergonomi pekerja forklift termasuk ringan hingga sedang. Sarannya,perlu dilakukan pengawasan dan pengendalian postur kerja pekerja forklift,pengaturan durasi kerja, sosialisasi terkait musculoskeletal disorders, gejala,faktor risiko, tindakan pencegahan, dan penanganan. Kata kunci : risiko, ergonomi, forklift, musculoskeletal disorders.
Kata Kunci : Faktor risiko ergonomi, musculoskeletal disorder, workstation, QEC
This study discuss the analysis of ergonomic risk factors and musculoskeletal disorder complaints in X company at the year of 2016. this research is a quantitative research with cross sectional design method. From the ergonomic risk assessment using Quick Exposure Checklist (QEC) the result is indicate that works in the office that uses computers is included in level 3 or high risk category and manual work at the workshop is included to a level 4 or very high risk category. Awkward working posture that adopted by the worker is influenced by the design of the workstation that the result of workstation measurement shows several workstation in each working area is not appropriate. The survey result of Nordic Body Map (NBM) shows that 88.4% respondent have a complaint about MSDs which the highest percentage of complaints lies at the warehouse area with 100% complaints rate, while in the workshop the percentage of complaint is 94.4% and office area 83.7%. The part of body with the highest complaint of MSDs of office worker is waist (48.8%), upper neck (46.5%), right shoulder (30.4%), and left shoulder (27.9%), and for the workshop worker the highest complaint of MSDs is on waist (50%), upper neck (50%), upper back (38.8%), and hip (38.8%), and for the werehouse worker the highest complaint of MSDs is on waist (50%), upper neck (50%), upper back (38.8%), and hip (38.8%). Suggested of improvement in workstation design and education regarding occupational health in ergonomics.
Keywords : Ergonomic risk factor , musculoskeletal disorder, workstation, QEC
Latar belakang: Penggunaan komputer dapat menimbulkan suatu keluhan kesehatan yang disebut dengan Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS), Sindrom ini dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor risiko individual, lingkungan dan komputer.
Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis faktor-faktor resiko ergonomik individual dan komputer yang berhubungan dengan kejadian Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) pada pekerja pengguna komputer yang berkacamata dan pekerja yang tidak berkacamata.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian metode kualitatatif. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April - Mei 2013 di Unit Pelakasana dan Pelatihan. Sampel sebanyak 18 orang dengan kriteria tertentu, dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok pekerja berkacamata dan pekerja yang tidak berkacamata. Peneliltian dilakukan dengan wawancara langsung menggunakan kuesioner dan pengukuran.
Hasil: Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian CVS adalah Kelembaban 71%, Pencahayaan kurang dari 300-500 lux (KEPMENKES nomor 1405/Menkes/SK/XI/2002), Usia lebih dari 40 tahun (das et al.), lama bekerja dengan komputer, dan jarak komputer dengan mata.
Kesimpulan: Gejala ekstraokuler pada pekerja pengguna kacamata bifocal melakukan retrofleksi leher sehingga leher tertekuk kebelakang yang menyebabkan keluhan nyeri pada leher. Penderita terbanyak bukan dari pengguna kacamata tetapi pada pekerja yang tidak berkacamata. Serta penderita CVS (berdasarkan kriteria anamnesa) di usia 25 tahun, kedua hal ini berkaitan dengan potur ergonomi pada saat kerja baik secara design tempat kerja, kondisi ruangan ataupun durasi kerja yang semuanya saling berkaitan sehingga menimbulkan gejala Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS).
Background: Computer usage could cause health complaints called Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS). This syndrome was influenced by individual and computer risk factors.
Aim: The objective of the study is to identify and to analyze individual and computer factors of computer Vision Syndrome (CVS).
Methods: This study was an observational study with methods qualitatively. The research was conducted in April-May 2013 in the Pelakasana and Training Unit. Sample of 18 people with certain criteria, divided into 2 groups of workers and workers who are not wearing glasses glasses. Peneliltian done by direct interviews using questionnaires and measurements.
Results: Factors associated with the incidence of CVS is Humidity 71%, less than the 300-500 lux lighting (KEPMENKES 1405/Menkes/SK/XI/2002), age over 40 years (das et al.), Long working computers, and computer distance by eye.
Conclusion: Extraocular symptoms in workers bifocal glasses users do retrofleksi neck so the neck is bent backwards which causes pain in the neck. Most patients but not from users goggles to workers who do not wear glasses. And people with CVS (based on criteria anamnesis) at the age of 25 years, these two things related to ergonomic posture at work both in design work, ambient conditions or duration of action that are all intertwined, giving rise to symptoms of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS).
Manual handling is recognized as one of the occupational activities with a high risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This descriptive study aims to analyze the risk factors of manual handling tasks, specifically lifting and lowering loads by Stevedores.The research was conducted at a site owned by a logistic and port service company, involving 10 Stevedores as a sample. Musculoskeletal complaints were assessed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), while risk levels associated with lifting activities were evaluated using the NIOSH Lifting Equation. The findings indicate that 6 out of 10 workers reported complaints related to musculoskeletal disorders. Additionally, 9 out of 10 workers were found to be at a moderate risk level during lifting activities, and 6 out of 10 were at a moderate risk level during lowering tasks. Environmental measurements revealed that the thermal work environment met regulatory standards, whereas lighting levels did not comply with the required thresholds.