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ABSTRAK
Dua puluh tahun terakhir ini kondisi lingkungan dan kualitas air disepanjang Sungai Citarum semakin menurun. Akses penduduk di sekitar Citarumterhadap air bersih dan sarana sanitasi dasar pun masih rendah, dengan angkakesakitan diare yang tinggi. Integrated Citarum Water Resources ManagementInvestment Program (ICWRMIP) merupakan upaya yang dilakukan olehpemerintah untuk mengatasi berbagai permasalahan yang ada di DAS SungaiCitarum dan Saluran Tarum Barat. Kementerian Kesehatan berperan dalamICWRMIP Sub Komponen 2.3 yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan penyediaanair bersih, sanitasi, dan meningkatkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat. Penelitian inibertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh ICWRMIP Sub Komponen 2.3 terhadapakses air bersih, akses jamban sehat dan kejadian diare serta menganalisispengaruh akses air bersih dan jamban sehat terhadap kejadian diare. Penelitian inimenggunakan rancangan studi cross-sectional berulang. Data dikumpulkansebelum dan sesudah program, di lokasi program dan non program, dengan besarsampel 300 responden pada tiap kelompok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwakegiatan ICWRMIP Sub Komponen 2.3 berpengaruh meningkatkan akses airbersih dan akses jamban sehat serta menurunkan kejadian diare. Semua variabelberhubungan dengan kejadian diare: akses air bersih (OR=1,74; 1,33-2,28), aksesjamban sehat (OR=2,48; 1,88-3,28), program (OR=7,17; 4,68-10,99), dan waktu(OR=5,10; 3,33-7,80). Disimpulkan bahwa rumah tangga di lokasi non programtanpa akses jamban sehat pada saat sebelum ada program berisiko 7,75 kali lebihbesar mengalami kejadian diare dibandingkan dengan rumah tangga di lokasiprogram yang akses jamban sehat setelah program.
ABSTRACT
The condition of the environment and water quality along the Citarum Riverhas declined in the last twenty years. Access people around Citarum to cleanwater and basic sanitation facilities is low, with high diarrhea morbidity. IntegratedCitarum Water Resources Management Investment Program (ICWRMIP) is an effort bythe government to solve the problems that exist in Citarum and West TarumCanal. Ministry of Health is involve on Sub Component 2.3, that aims to improvewater supply, sanitation, and improving public health. This study aims to analyzethe effects of ICWRMIP Sub Component 2.3 to clean water access, healthy latrineaccess and diarrhea, and also to analyze the effect of access to clean water andhealthy latrines on the incidence of diarrhea. This study uses repeated crosssectionalstudy design. Data were collected before and after the program, on-siteprogram and non-program, with sample size 300 respondents in each group. Theresults showed that ICWRMIP Sub Component 2.3 affects to improve clean waterand healthy latrines access, and also reduce the incidence of diarrhea. Allvariables associated with the incidence of diarrhea: clean water access (OR=1,74;1,33-2,28), healthy latrines access (OR=2,48; 1,88-3,28), program (OR=7,17;4,68-10,99), and time (OR=5,10; 3,33-7,80). Concluded that households in nonprogramlocations without access to healthy latrines at the time before program7.75 times greater risk of experiencing diarrhea compared with on-site householdlatrine access program healthy after the program.
Diarrhea remains a significant public health issue in Indonesia, including in Tangerang Regency. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the proportion of healthy homes, access to safe drinking water, and the use of proper sanitation facilities with the incidence of diarrhea in the working areas of Sukadiri, Pakuhaji, and Sukawali Community Health Centers in 2023. This study employed an ecological study design with the unit of analysis being villages/sub-districts. The data used were secondary data obtained from the Tangerang District Health Office and respective health centers. Bivariate analysis was conducted using Pearson and Spearman correlation tests, based on the results of the normality test. The findings show a weak positive correlation between the proportion of healthy homes and the incidence of diarrhea (r = 0.387; p = 0.075), a weak negative correlation between access to safe drinking water (r = -0.276; p = 0.214), and a weak negative correlation between the use of proper sanitation facilities (r = -0.334; p = 0.128) with the incidence of diarrhea. All three correlations were found to be statistically insignificant. Although the direction of the relationship aligns with theoretical expectations, the relationship between environmental health indicators and the incidence of diarrhea could not be statistically confirmed in the study area.
Background. Kelurahan Cijantung has a high population density, making it's at risk for having polluted groundwater. This study aims to know the risk of diarrhoea among toddler by the use of groundwater and other related risk factors in Kelurahan Cijantung, East Jakarta.
Tujuan: penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan antara Sarana Air Bersih (SAB) dan jamban terhadap kejadian Schistosomiasis di Kabupaten Sigi dan Kabupaten Poso Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah.
Metode : Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif yang bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan analisis desain studi ekologi, desa sebagai unit analisis.
Hasil : Hasil analisis hubungan antara SAB dengan Kejadian Schistosomiasis dan Jamban di Kabupaten Poso dan Kabupaten Sigi selama tahun pengamatan 2014-2016, secara statistik tidak terdapat hubungan. Hasil analisis yang berhubungan adalah pelaksanaan Program STBM dengan p-value = 0,010 (Poso) dan p-value = 0,0005 (Sigi) serta keberadaan kader kesehatan lingkungan Kabupaten Poso p-value=0,001, pekerjaan p-value = 0,000 (Sigi).
Kesimpulan : Variabel pelaksanaan program STBM dan ketersediaan kader kesehatan lingkungan, Penyuluhan Kesehatan lingkungan, pekerjaan dan kepadatan penduduk merupakan variabel yang berhubungan signifikan dari pada variabel lainnya.
Kata Kunci : Schistosomiasis japonicum, SAB, Jamban dan Program STBM
Introduction: Scistosomiasis is included in the Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD), caused by flatworms of blood trematoda from the genus Schistosoma. There are three known Schistosoma in human, which are: Schistosoma japonicum, Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium. Based on the place of its life in the human body, is divided into two types, that is in the veins of intestinal veins (Schistosoma japonicum and Schistosoma mansoni), and in the veins of venous vesica urinary (Schistosoma haematobium). Schistosomiasis is still a public health problem, especially in 77 developing countries in the tropics and subtropics. Estimated, 240 million people infected with Schistosomiasis and about 700 million people worldwide at risk of being infected with Schistosomiasis. In Indonesia the prevalence of Schistosomiasis by 2015 was 1.7%, is similar to the prevalence in Central Sulawesi.
Objective: This study was to analyze the relationship between the clean water facility and latrines against the incidence of Schistosomiasis in Sigi and Poso districts of Central Sulawesi Province.
Method: This research is a descriptive quantitative research using ecological study design analysis, and the village as unit of analysis.
Result: Result of analysis of relationship between SAB with insidence of Schistosomiasis and Jamban in Poso and Sigi District during observation year 2014-2016 showed statistically there was no relationship. The result of related analysis is the implementation of Total Sanitation Based on Community Program with p-value = 0,010 (Poso) and p- value = 0.0005 (Sigi) and presence of health cadre of Kabupaten Poso p-value = 0,001, job p-value = 0,000 (Sigi).
Conclusion: The implementation of Total Sanitation Based on Community Program, the availability of environmental health cadres, environmental health counseling, occupation and population density were variables which are significantly related to other variables.
Keywords : Schistosomiasis japonicum, water facility, latrine and Total Sanitation Based on Community Program.
Introduction: Diarrhea is the main leading causes responsible for under-fives death in Indonesia with a proportion 25,2%. Under-fives diarrhea cases in Kelurahan Manggarai, South Jakarta in 2012 is 34,09% from all diarrhea cases. This study assessed the correlation between types of water sources used and other related risk factors and the incidence of diarrhea among under-fives in Kelurahan Manggarai, Tebet, South Jakarta.
Access to water should be guaranteed for every individual; however, providing safe drinking water access that reaches all levels of society remains one of the most complex issues to address. In DKI Jakarta, the increasing demand for drinking water due to population growth is not matched by the availability of adequate piped water resources as a source of safe drinking water, leading to limited access to safe drinking water in Kampung Muka, DKI Jakarta. This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design with 91 respondents representing the residents of Kampung Muka. Univariate analysis showed that most residents in Kampung Muka still lack access to safe drinking water (72.5%), which contrasts with the overall safe drinking water access coverage in DKI Jakarta reported by BPS in 2024 (99.96%). Meanwhile, the average water consumption for domestic purposes met the standard, reaching 208 liters per person per day. Bivariate analysis indicated that age (p=0.004; OR=0.237; 95% CI: 0.087–0.648) and expenditure (p=0.000; OR=0.134; 95% CI: 0.044–0.403) were significantly associated with drinking water access. Multivariate analysis confirmed that age (p=0.022; 95% CI: 0.097–0.834) and expenditure (p=0.001; 95% CI: 0.049–0.472) simultaneously influenced access to drinking water among the residents of Kampung Muka, North Jakarta, in 2025.
