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ABSTRAK Nama : Ni Wayan Kesumawati Program Studi : Kajian Administrasi Rumah Sakit Judul : Analisis Piutang Pada Pasien Rawat Inap Jaminan Kesehatan di Rumah Sakit Umum Famili Husada Periode 2015-2016 Pergeseran skema pembayaran biaya kesehatan ke rumah sakit telah bergeser dari majoritas biaya sendiri dibayar tunai ke pembayaran melalui pihak penyelenggara jaminan kesehatan, yang menyebabkan rumah sakit harus mengelola piutang dengan baik karena penerimaan pendapatan rumah sakit dibayar non-tunai. Keterlambatan pembayaran piutang dan atau kegagalan pengelolaan piutang dapat mempengaruhi posisi arus kas, yang kalau ini berlanjut mengakibatkan terganggunya kegiatan operasional rumah sakit. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui posisi gambaran piutang pada pasien jaminan kesehatan di RSU Famili Husada periode tahun 2015 – 2016 dimana rumah sakit telah memutuskan untuk melayani pasien BPJS Kesehatan. Selain itu perlu juga diketahui jumlah piutang dan kebijakan pemberian kredit yang ada agar dapat dijadikan masukan untuk perbaikan manajemen kedepan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan melibatkan seluruh pegawai yang bekerja di bagian keuangan, kasir, front office dan manajemen, sebanyak 14 orang sebagai informan. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik wawancara mendalam dan observasi partisipan, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan content analysis. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan saldo piutang pasien rawat inap pasien jaminan kesehatan pada tahun 2015 – 2016 terutama untuk pasien JKN yaitu dari sebasar 17% meningkat menjadi 30,66%, sedangkan rata – rata persentase pembayaran piutangnya sebesar 45% yang artinya pembayaran piutang dari pasien BPJS Kesehatan belum lancar sehingga bila ini tidak dikelola dengan baik akan menimbulkan terganggunya arus kas dan akhirnya kegiatan opreasional rumah sakit pun terganggu. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil bahwa seiring dengan terjadinya peningkatan jumlah piutang rumah sakit terdapat ketebatasan secara kuantitas maupun kualitas dari sumber daya manusia dalam pengelolaan piutang; belum ada standar prosedur operasional yang mengatur secara khusus tentang pemberian kredit dan kebijakan pengumpulan piutang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, disarankan agar melakukan evaluasi terhadap kebijakan pemberian kredit dan penagihan piutang yang berlaku, evaluasi beban kerja petugas pengelola piutang dan lakukan pelatihan – pelatihan khusus di bidangnya, serta lakukan pendekatan pada pihak debitur. Kata Kunci: Jaminan Kesehatan, Piutang
ABSTRACT Name : Ni Wayan Kesumawati Study Program : Hospital Administration Title : Accounts Receivable Analysis In Inpatient Patients Health Insurance at Famili Husada Public Hospital Period 2015-2016 The shift in health-care payment schemes to hospitals has shifted from the majorities of their own expenses paid in cash to payments through health insurance providers, which causes hospitals to manage receivables well because hospital revenue is paid non-cash. Delinquent receivables and / or failure of receivables management may affect cash flow position, which if this continues to result in disruption of hospital operations. The purpose of this study is to know the position of the description of receivables in health insurance patients at RSU Famili Husada period 2015 - 2016 where the hospital has decided to serve the patient BPJS Health. In addition, it is also necessary to know the amount of receivables and lending policies available to be used as input for future management improvement. This research uses qualitative descriptive research method by involving all employees who work in finance, cashier, front office and management, as many as 14 people as informant. Data were collected by in-depth interview technique and participant observation, then analyzed using content analysis. The results show that there is an increase in the balance of accounts receivable of patient in health care patient in 2015 - 2016 especially for JKN patient that is from sebasar 17% increase to 30,66%, whereas the average of payment percentage of receivable equal to 45% which mean payment of receivable from patient BPJS Health has not been smoothly so that if it is not managed properly will cause disruption of cash flow and finally hospital operational activities were disrupted. The conclusion can be made that in line with the increase of the number of hospital receivables there are limitations in quantity and quality of human resources in the management of receivables; there is no standard operating procedure that specifically regulates the provision of credit and collection policy of receivables. Based on the result of this research, it is suggested to evaluate the crediting policy and receivable billing, evaluation of workload of receivable management officer and do special training in the field, and approach the debtor. Keywords: Health Insurance, Accounts Receivable
Pada prinsipnya asuransi merupakan himpunan dana dari suatu populasi untuk dimanfaatkan membiayai sejumlah kecil dari populasi tersebut apabila sedang jatuh sakit. Jaminan asuransi kesehatan merupakan sumber dana potensial yang dapat digalang untuk pemeliharaan masyarakat. Pemanfaatkan jasa asuransi didalam pembayaran pasien baik rawat jalan maupun rawat inap juga dilaksanakan di Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak Hermina Jatinegara. Di RSIA Hermina Jatinegara, yang paling berpotensi menghasilkan piutang paling banyak dari segi nominal adalah piutang rawat inap asuransi dan perusahaan. Jumlah piutang tak tertagih pasien rawat inap jaminan asuransi dan perusahaan di RSIA Hermina Jatinegara mengalami peningkatan dari tahun 2004 ke tahun 2005 (Rp.48.942.938 3 Rp.116.072.250). Presentase piutang tak tertagih terhadap total tagihan asuransi dan perusahaan pada tahun 2004 dan tahun 2005 adalah sebesar 1,30%, dan 1,07%. Berarti jugs terjadi peningkatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang bersifat pengembangan yang pengumpulan datanya dilakukan melalui observasi pada bagian bagian terkait, wawancara mendalam dengan para informan serta pengumpulan dokumen-dokumen pendukung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa efektifitas penagihan piutang rawat inap pada jaminan asuransi dan perusahaan sehingga dapat menurunkan jumlah piutang tak tertagih dan meningkatkan pendapatan rumah sakit pada tahun 2005. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan pendekatan sistem I.P.O. yaitu Input, Process dan Output. Melalui hasil penelitian ini diharapkan adanya perbaikan pada manajemen piutang yang akhirnya akan berdampak pada optimalisasi penagihan piutang rumah sakit. Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa jumlah pelaksana di beberapa tahap siklus piutang dirasa kurang memadai. Begitu juga mengenai sarana pendukung untuk melaksanakan proses siklus piutang antara lain komputer, telepon, line telepon, faksimili dan ruangan kerja_ Selain itu kebijakan tentang periode penagihan belum ditetapkan, juga mengenai isi kontrak perjanjian kerjasama antara pihak rumah sakit dengan pihak asuransi dan perusahaan juga belum sepenuhnya dilaksanakan (punishmentldenda 2% bila debitur tidak melunasi kewajibannya dalam 30 hari). Pada akhir penelitian ini direkomendasikan perlunya diadakan diklat atau sosialisasiyang lebih sering pada bagian informasi, koordinasi yang lebih balk antara bagian terkait, pengadaan sarana yang lebih baik serta ketegasan dalam menjalankan perjanjian isi kontrak dengan pihak ketiga.
Principally insurance is the fund collection from a population in order to be used in costing a few amounts from such population if getting illness. Healthy insurance guarantee is a potential fund source that can be collected in order to maintain the society. The using of insurance service in paying of patient both out-patient or in-patient also be executed in Hermina Jatinegara Hospital. In Hermina Jatinegara Hospital. the most potential in producing receivable is from in-patient of insurance and company. In-patient bad-debt of insurance and company in Herrnina Jatinegara Hospital increase from 2004 to 2005 (Rp.48.942.938 - Rp.116.072.250). Percentage of bad-debt to total collectible amount in-patient of insurance and company of 2004 and 2005 is about 1,30%, and 1,07%. It means, increasing too. This research named qualitative descriptive research that have development characteristic which its data collection using observation in related department, in-depth interview with the informan and supporting documents collections. The goal of this research is to analize the effectiveness of in-patient insurance collection, so it can decrease bad-debt and increase the income of hospital in 2006. The method used in this research is I.P.O. approach system namely Input, Process and Output. By this result of research be hoped there is repairing in receivable management and finally, it have an effect into hospital collecting optimalizalion. The result of this research is known that the staff amount in some ciclus collection be felt less suitable. it is also about supporting tools in order to execute ciclus collection process which are computer. telephone, phone line, faximile and room. Beside that the policy about collection period that have not decided yet. also about cooperation agrement contract contain between hospital side and insurance and company side is not executed (punishment about 2% if the debitor is not pay their obligation in 30 days). In the end of this research recommended the importance of training education event or socialization that more frequent into information department, more better coordination between related department, the better supply of supporting tools and also the clearness in operating the contract contain agreement with the third party.
Dengan masuknya globalisasi ke Indonesia informasi dapat mudah diperoleh. Perusahaan asuransi mempromosikan produknya secara cepat, membuat masyarakat mengetahui pentingnya pelayanan kesehatan. Karyawan mengharapkan perusahaannya memberikan ketenangan dan kemudahan dalam mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan. Untuk itu RSPAD Gatot Soebroto bekerja sama dengan pihak ke tiga memberikan pelayanan kesehatan. Dengan adanya kerjasama ini rumah sakit mempunyai piutang yang harus dikelola secara baik. Piutang pasien rawat inap dengan jaminan pihak ke tiga di Pavilyun Kartika RSPAD Gatot Soebroto per 30 Juni 2002 mencapai Rp.3.648.374.261,-(tiga milyar enam ratus empat puluh delapan juta tiga ratus tujuh puluh empat ribu dua ratus enam puluh satu rupiah). Dari penelitian yang dilakukan dengan_kerangka konsep input, proses dan output berdasarkan data primer dan data sekunder diperoleh data bahwa banyak piutang pasien yang sudah dibayar namun belum dibukukan, sehingga rekening piutang pasien belum ditutup. Berdasarkan uraian kondisi tersebut diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa sesungguhnya piutang pasien rawat inap dengan jaminan pihak ke tiga di Pavilyun Kartika RSPAD Gatot Soebroto per 30 Juni 2002 tidak mencapai Rp.3.648.374.261,-. Hal ini disebabkan oleh lemahnya fungsi monitoring adrninistrasi keuangan khususnya pencatatan piutang. Selanjutnya disarankan agar fungsi monitoring terhadap sistem pencatatan piutang dapat lebih ditingkatkan. Daftar Pustaka : 21 (1979 - 2001)
Management Analysis for Account Receivables of day in patient under third parties guarantee in "Paviliun Kartika RSPAD Gatot Soebroto" for the period of 30"' June 2001 until 30"` June 2002 The globalization era is coming to Indonesia, information are coming faster, Insurance companies promote their products rapidly, educate the people how important is medical care. People are more conscious about medical service and now can afford health insurance. Employees demand their companies to facilitate them a better medical assistance. Therefore, in order to accommodate all the above trends, Pavilyun Kartika RSPAD Gatot Soebroto try to give a better service, by working together with insurance companies and institutions. By working together with them Pavilyun Kartika RSPAD Gatot Soebroto give a more convenience way for their patients to receive medical assistance. As the result, the hospital has account receivable that has to be taken care accurately. The account receivables under third parties guaranteed until 30th June 2002 amounted to Rp3, 648,374,261. (Three billion six hundred and forty eight million three hundreds seventy-four thousands two hundred and sixty one rupias). Based on our analysis using input skeleton concept, process and output based on prime data and secondary data, concluded that there were a lot of patient accounts that were not yet booked even though that the account has been paid, resulting on an unclosed accounts which gave a high account receivables. In conclusion, actually the account receivable in Pavilyun Kartika RSPAD Gatot Soebroto per 30th June 2002 was not as high as Rp 3,648,374,261.00. This was the result from lack of financial administration control on account receivables. Finally, we advice that the hospital have to have had a better system on monitoring and controlling the account receivables.
Untuk itu dilakukan penelitian diskriptif analitik yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui tahapan dan proses penagihan piutang, mengetahui tahap-tahap yang menjadi penyebab keterlambatan proses penagihan piutang dan mengetahui upaya-upaya dalam mempercepat proses penagihan piutang pasien jaminan pihak ketiga di RS Karya Bhakti
Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa proses siklus piutang di Rumah Sakit Karya Bhakti melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu tahap Penerimaan, Pembebanan, Penataan Rekening, Penagihan dan Penutupan Rekening. Penyebab keterlambatan penagihan piutang terdapat pada tahap penataan rekening sampai tahap penagihan yaitu lamanya waktu yang diperlukan untuk mempersiapkan tagihan dihitung dari saat pasien pulang atau lepas rawat sampai dengan dilakukan penagihan, untuk rawat jalan membutuhkan waktu 26 hari dan rawat inap membutuhkan waktu 38 hari, sehingga mengakibatkan umur piutang yang lebih dari 60 hari sebesar 53,63 % dari total piutang dan rata-rata penerimaan piutang 27,79 % dari total piutang per bulan.
Untuk mengefektifkan penagihan piutang, maka perlu dilakukan evaluasi mengenai kebijakan kredit dan kebijakan penagihan di Rumah Sakit Karya Bhakti, serta perubahan sistem dan prosedur pengelolaan piutang pada tahap penataan rekening sampai dengan tahap penagihan, yang bertujuan untuk memperpendek proses penagihan. Selain itu perlu adanya petugas yang difungsikan khusus untuk menangani piutang dari tahap penerimaan sampai dengan penutupan rekening dan mengembangkan sistem billing yang terintegrasi secara menyeluruh.
Kata kunci : piutang
Since year 2001 the credit payment policy already implemented and many patients choose Karya Bhakti hospital because of that policy. The hospital income is growing. But other problems come such as; the amount of account receivables growth and the long term payment. If the hospital can not solve those problems then the hospital cash flow will have a problem as well. Those problems caused by the lateness of collecting account receivables.
To solve the problem above then the descriptive analytic research needed. The purpose of the research are knowing the procedure and process of collecting account receivables, knowing the step of procedure that causing lateness of collecting account receivables, knowing the way to expedite the process of collecting account receivables for patients with third party assurance.
From the research can be describe that the circle of account receivables process on Karya Bhakti Hospital divided by the following steps ; Admission, Charging, Billing Statement, Collection and Write off. The step that causing lateness to collect account receivables start from Billing Statement step to Collection step. That’s mean the time that hospital needs to prepare the collection - start from when patient went home- until the hospital ready to collect. For outpatient need 26 days and for inpatient need 38 days to process. Those condition is causing the hospital receive 27.79% in average from total account receivables patients with third party assurance. Other case, there’s 53.63% account receivables from total per 31 december 2004 that have 60 days long term payment.
For effectiveness collecting account receivables, require to evaluate to credit policies and collection policies in Karya Bhakti Hospital and adjustment on the system and procedure needed, starting at Billing Statement step to Collection step. The purpose is to shortcut the collecting account receivables process. And also, the hospital needs employees who can control the process from Admission to Write Off and also to develop the integrated billing system.
Key word : account receivables
Based UBA hospital inpatients in Siloam Kebon Jeruk , gained criticism andsuggestions regarding the discharge of patients, namely: the waiting time ofpatients still settling administrative home long enough, especially the use ofinsurance. From the test results obtained quotes the average waiting time ofpatients who use the guarantee is 5 hours 45 minutes and non warranty is 3 hours4 minutes. The study aims to determine the factors that influence waiting timesadministrative services to inpatients home insurance in Siloam Kebon JerukHospital. Design using both quantitative and qualitative research. The primarydata obtained from interviews and observations and secondary data obtainedfrom the study of documents and reports patient's home.From the results, the factors that affect the length of time patients wait forcompletion of home administration is charging inpatient medical resume, theamount of human resources, policies and workflow processes existing hospitalswith process changes implemented in the field.It can be concluded in less time on admin stage, stage pharmaceutical andsatellite warehouses stage can shorten the processing time in the hospital. Theefficiency of the process beyond the administrative processes to shorten hospitalinpatients with insurance to 2 hours. Suggestions researchers that thesocialization of medical importance to specialist resume, review of workforce,policy revisions and return patient administration process flow with insuranceand job descriptions of staff whose role, revised MoU with an insurer to issue aconfirmation.Keywords: waiting time home administrative settlement inpatients, corporateguarantee patient / insurance
