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Zhara Juliane; Pembimbing: Putri Bungsu; Penguji: Syahrizal Syarif, Meta Ardiana
S-9935
Depok : FKM-UI, 2019
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Zhara Juliane; Pembimbing: Asri C. Penguji: Syahrizal; Dony Yugo Hermanto, Sukwan Handali
Abstrak:
As of January 30 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) deemed Covid-19 as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) due to a significant increase of cases and confirmed cases in several countries (World Health Organization, 2020a). In April 2021, the mortality rate of COVID-19 in Indonesia reached 4.68%, which is higher than the global average mortality rate of 3.79%. Previous studies have shown that there is a relationship between hypertension and diabetes mellitus on the survival of Covid-19 patients. This study aims to determine the relationship between hypertension and diabetes mellitus on the survival of Covid-19 patients at RSJPD Harapan Kita Jakarta March 2020 - April 2021. This retrospective cohort study was conducted using cox regression analysis to determine survival. This study uses secondary data provided by the infection prevention and control division of Harapan Kita and medical record tracing. The study involved a total of 433 confirmed Covid-19 patients who were selected using random sampling technique. The results of the analysis show that hypertension and diabetes mellitus were significantly related to the incidence of death in Covid-19 patients at RSJPD Harapan Kita March 2020 - April 2021 after being controlled for confounding factor namely chronic lung disease with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.727 (95% CI: 1.012 – 2.499), p-value 0.045. Proper triage of patients is needed, as well as rigorous monitoring and adequate treatment for Covid-19 patients who suffer from hypertension and diabetes mellitus to prevent further mortality and morbidity.
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Terhitung sejak 30 Januari 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) telah resmi menetapkan Covid-19 sebagai Kedaruratan Kesehatan Masyarakat yang Meresahkan Dunia (KKMMD)/ Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) karena adanya peningkatan kasus yang signifikan dan kasus konfirmasi di beberapa negara lain (World Health Organization, 2020a). Pada April 2021, angka kematian Covid-19 di Indonesia telah menyentuh 4,68% dimana angka tersebut lebih tinggi dari angka kematian rata-rata global yaitu 3,79%. Studi-studi yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya menunjukan adanya hubungan hipertensi dan diabetes melitus terhadap kesintasan pasien Covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan hipertensi dan diabetes melitus terhadap kesintasan pasien Covid-19 di RSJPD Harapan Kita Jakarta Maret 2020 - April 2021. Penelitian kohort retrospektif ini menggunakan analisis survival cox regression untuk mengetahui kesintasan. Penelitian ini menggunakan sumber data sekunder dari Divisi PPI dan penelusuran rekam medik. Penelitian ini melibatkan jumlah sampel sebesar 433 pasien konfirmasi Covid-19 yang diambil menggunakan teknik random sampling. Hasil analisis menunjukan hipertensi dan diabetes melitus berhubungan bermakna dengan kejadian kematian pada pasien Covid-19 di RSJPD Harapan Kita Maret 2020 - April 2021 setelah dikontrol oleh faktor perancu penyakit paru kronik dengan adjusted hazard ratio sebesar 1,727 (95% CI: 1,012 – 2,949) p-value 0,045. Perlu adanya triase pasien yang tepat dan pemantauan khusus serta penanganan yang adekuat untuk pasien Covid-19 yang memiliki faktor risiko hipertensi dan diabetes melitus untuk mencegah terjadinya kematian.
As of January 30 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) deemed Covid-19 as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) due to a significant increase of cases and confirmed cases in several countries (World Health Organization, 2020a). In April 2021, the mortality rate of COVID-19 in Indonesia reached 4.68%, which is higher than the global average mortality rate of 3.79%. Previous studies have shown that there is a relationship between hypertension and diabetes mellitus on the survival of Covid-19 patients. This study aims to determine the relationship between hypertension and diabetes mellitus on the survival of Covid-19 patients at RSJPD Harapan Kita Jakarta March 2020 - April 2021. This retrospective cohort study was conducted using cox regression analysis to determine survival. This study uses secondary data provided by the infection prevention and control division of Harapan Kita and medical record tracing. The study involved a total of 433 confirmed Covid-19 patients who were selected using random sampling technique. The results of the analysis show that hypertension and diabetes mellitus were significantly related to the incidence of death in Covid-19 patients at RSJPD Harapan Kita March 2020 - April 2021 after being controlled for confounding factor namely chronic lung disease with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.727 (95% CI: 1.012 – 2.499), p-value 0.045. Proper triage of patients is needed, as well as rigorous monitoring and adequate treatment for Covid-19 patients who suffer from hypertension and diabetes mellitus to prevent further mortality and morbidity.
T-6561
Depok : FKM UI, 2022
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Feby An’nisa Putri Harahap; Pembimbing: Umar Fahmi Achmadi; Penguji: Laila Fitria, Zhara Juliane
Abstrak:
Kualitas udara dapat memburuk akibat pencemaran udara serta faktor meteorologis seperti suhu, kelembaban, curah hujan dan kecepatan angin. Pencemaran udara adalah terjadinya kontaminasi udara di dalam dan luar ruangan oleh gas dan padatan yang merubah karakteristik alaminya. Polutan utama pada pencemaran udara meliputi PM2,5, PM10, CO, O3, BC, SO2 dan NOx. Pencemaran udara dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya berbagai penyakit, salah satunya adalah ISPA. Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) adalah penyakit menular yang menyerang saluran pernapasan bagian atas dan bawah, disebabkan oleh lebih dari 300 jenis bakteri, virus, dan riketsia. Gejala ISPA, yang dapat muncul dalam hitungan jam atau hari, meliputi demam, batuk, nyeri tenggorokan, pilek, dan kesulitan bernapas. Infeksi ini dapat berkisar dari tanpa gejala hingga parah dan fatal. ISPA sendiri merupakan salah satu penyakit yang akibat dari adanya pencemaran udara. Di Indonesia, ISPA merupakan penyakit menular yang paling sering dijumpai di layanan kesehatan sedangkan di Kota Bogor kejadian ISPA pernah mencapai 100 ribu kasus setiap tahunnya pada tahun 2014-2016. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, peneliti ingin menganalisis hubunungan antara kualitas udara ambien (PM10, SO2, NO2 dan O3) dan faktor meteorologis (suhu, kelembaban, curah hujan dan kecepatan angin) dengan kejadian ISPA di Kota Bogor tahun 2019-2022. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan studi ekologi time trend. Hasil uji korelasi menyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara konsentrasi SO2 dengan kejadian ISPA (p = 0,002). Sedangkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara konsentrasi PM10 dengan kejadian ISPA (p = 0,093), konsentrasi NO2 dengan kejadian ISPA (p = 0,283), konsentrasi O3 dengan kejadian ISPA (p = 0,439), suhu dengan kejadian ISPA (p = 0,571), kelembaban dengan kejadian ISPA (p = 1,000), curah hujan dengan kejadian ISPA (p = 0,732) dan kecepatan angin dengan kejadian ISPA (p = 0,334). Kemudian di dapatkan persamaan dari hasil uji regresi linear berganda antara PM10 dan SO2 dengan kejadian ISPA yaitu Kejadian ISPA = -41413,496 + 399,0079 (PM10) + 891,919 (SO2). Sedangkan hasil analisis spasial menunjukkan bahwa selama periode penelitian, kecematan Tanah Sareal merupakan wilayah yang memiliki kejadian ISPA di Kota Bogor. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa hanya terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara SO2 dan kejadian ISPA di Kota Bogor pada tahun 2019-2022.
Air quality can deteriorate due to air pollution and meteorological factors such as temperature, humidity, rainfall, and wind speed. Air pollution is the contamination of indoor and outdoor air by gases and solids that alter its natural characteristics. Major air pollutants include PM2.5, PM10, CO, O3, BC, SO2, and NOx. Air pollution can lead to various diseases, one of which is Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI). ARI is a contagious disease affecting the upper and lower respiratory tracts, caused by over 300 types of bacteria, viruses, and rickettsia. ARI symptoms, which can appear within hours or days, include fever, cough, sore throat, runny nose, and difficulty breathing. The infection can range from asymptomatic to severe and fatal. ARI is one of the diseases caused by air pollution. In Indonesia, ARI is the most common infectious disease encountered in healthcare facilities, and in Bogor City, ARI cases reached 100,000 annually between 2014-2016. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between ambient air quality (PM10, SO2, NO2, and O3) and meteorological factors (temperature, humidity, rainfall, and wind speed) with ARI incidence in Bogor City from 2019 to 2022. This study employed a quantitative descriptive method with a time-trend ecological study design. Correlation test results indicated a significant relationship between SO2 concentration and ARI incidence (p = 0.002). However, no significant relationships were found between PM10 concentration and ARI incidence (p = 0.093), NO2 concentration and ARI incidence (p = 0.283), O3 concentration and ARI incidence (p = 0.439), temperature and ARI incidence (p = 0.571), humidity and ARI incidence (p = 1.000), rainfall and ARI incidence (p = 0.732), and wind speed and ARI incidence (p = 0.334). A multiple linear regression analysis between PM10 and SO2 with ARI incidence yielded the equation: ARI Incidence = -41413.496 + 399.0079 (PM10) + 891.919 (SO2). Spatial analysis results showed that during the study period, Tanah Sareal district had the highest ARI incidence in Bogor City. In conclusion, only SO2 concentration was significantly associated with ARI incidence in Bogor City from 2019 to 2022.
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Air quality can deteriorate due to air pollution and meteorological factors such as temperature, humidity, rainfall, and wind speed. Air pollution is the contamination of indoor and outdoor air by gases and solids that alter its natural characteristics. Major air pollutants include PM2.5, PM10, CO, O3, BC, SO2, and NOx. Air pollution can lead to various diseases, one of which is Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI). ARI is a contagious disease affecting the upper and lower respiratory tracts, caused by over 300 types of bacteria, viruses, and rickettsia. ARI symptoms, which can appear within hours or days, include fever, cough, sore throat, runny nose, and difficulty breathing. The infection can range from asymptomatic to severe and fatal. ARI is one of the diseases caused by air pollution. In Indonesia, ARI is the most common infectious disease encountered in healthcare facilities, and in Bogor City, ARI cases reached 100,000 annually between 2014-2016. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between ambient air quality (PM10, SO2, NO2, and O3) and meteorological factors (temperature, humidity, rainfall, and wind speed) with ARI incidence in Bogor City from 2019 to 2022. This study employed a quantitative descriptive method with a time-trend ecological study design. Correlation test results indicated a significant relationship between SO2 concentration and ARI incidence (p = 0.002). However, no significant relationships were found between PM10 concentration and ARI incidence (p = 0.093), NO2 concentration and ARI incidence (p = 0.283), O3 concentration and ARI incidence (p = 0.439), temperature and ARI incidence (p = 0.571), humidity and ARI incidence (p = 1.000), rainfall and ARI incidence (p = 0.732), and wind speed and ARI incidence (p = 0.334). A multiple linear regression analysis between PM10 and SO2 with ARI incidence yielded the equation: ARI Incidence = -41413.496 + 399.0079 (PM10) + 891.919 (SO2). Spatial analysis results showed that during the study period, Tanah Sareal district had the highest ARI incidence in Bogor City. In conclusion, only SO2 concentration was significantly associated with ARI incidence in Bogor City from 2019 to 2022.
S-11760
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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