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Kata kunci: Bahan Tambahan Pangan, Boraks, Formalin.
Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (BPOM) performed a series of experimentson borax and formaldehyde on School Food Snack (PJAS) in 2011. There were 94(2.93%) of foods containing borax and 43 (1.34%) of foods containingformaldehyde. The canteen has a great potential of fraudulent practices in usingfood additives. Using cross sectional research design and qualitative testing inidentifying chemical substances in foods, researchers conducted a laboratoriumresearch at the Chemistry Laboratory in Faculty of Mathematics and NaturalSciences, University of Indonesia. The results obtained from laboratoryexaminations found that among 77 samples, there were 3 food-samples containborax chemicals and 69 food-samples contain formaldehyde chemicals.Respondents with low level of knowledge (≤ 55%) are likely to be related withformaldehyde chemicals 60 (93.8%) while only 4 (6.3%) respondents arenegatively correlated with formaldehyde. In addition, among the respondents withhigh level of knowledge (> 55%), 9 (69,2%) of them is found to have food withformaldehyde and only 4 respondents are negative (30,8%). Based on p-value =0,024, OR = 6,667 and 95% CI = 1,411-31,502, this research indicates that thelevel of knowledge has a cognitive relationship to the presence of formalinechemicals in sale of foods.Keywords: Food Additives, Borax, Formalin.
ABSTRAK Lingkungan merupakan salah satu faktor yang sangat berperan dalam terjadinya dan penyebaran penyakit chikungunya, baik lingkungan fisik maupun biologis. Perubahan iklim dapat berpengaruh terhadap pola penyakit infeksi dan akan meningkatkan risiko penularan. Penyebaran penyakit ini biasanya terjadi pada daerah endemis Demam Berdarah. Sekalipun tidak menimbulkan kematian, namun akibat yang ditimbulkan dari aspek kesehatan masyarakat cukup merugikan, apalagi jika sampai penderita mengalami kelumpuhan dan berlangsung selama berminggu-minggu hingga berbulan-bulan, produktivitas kerja dan akvititas sehari-hari praktis terhenti. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor iklim dengan kejadian penyakit chikungunya di wilayah Jawa Barat tahun 2002-2010. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi ekologi menurut waktu. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dari hasil rekapitulasi jumlah penderita chikungunya perbulan selama 2002-2010 di Jawa Barat. Hasil penelitian hubungan prevalensi chikungunya dari tahun 2002-2010 dengan iklim di wilayah Jawa Barat ini menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan dengan kecepatan angin (p=0,018) dan tidak mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan suhu udara (p=0,828), curah hujan (p=0,507) dan kelembaban udara (p=0,778). Saran yang dapat diberikan adalah diperlukan tindakan preventif dari semua lapisan masyarakat dalam mengantisipasi kejadian penyakit chikungunya tentang pentingnya menjaga kebersihan, terutama program Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk (PSN). Upaya pencegahan dititikberatkan pada pemberantasan nyamuk penular, dengan membasmi jentik nyamuk penular di tempat perindukannya. Salah satu cara untuk memutus rantai penularan nyamuk Aedes aegypti sebagai penyebar penyakit. Upaya ini dapat dilakukan dengan cara kimiawi, biologis, fisik dan perlindungan diri.
Abstract Environment is one of the most important factor in occurance and distribution of chikungunya, both of phisycs and biologic environment. Climate change can influence to infection disease pattern and will increase spreading risk. The spread of this disease usually occurs in endemic areas of dengue fever. Even if no cause of death, but the impact of public health aspects quite detrimental, especially when it comes to people with paralysis and lasts for weeks to months, work productivity and daily activity practically stopped. The objective of this research is to know correlation chikungunya cases and climate factors in west java 2002-2010. This research uses the design of ecological time trend study. Data was used secondary data from result of summary of amount chikungunya patient during year 2002-2010 in west java. Number of chikungunya prevalance were used the results indicate that chikungunya prevalance have significant related to wind?s speed (p=0,018) and didn?t have significant related to temperature (p=0,828), precipitation (p=0,507) and humidity (p=0,778). Advice can be given preventive action is required from all walks of life in anticipation of the incidence of chikungunya disease on the importance of maintaining cleanliness, especially the mosquito nest eradication program (PSN). Prevention efforts focused on the eradication of mosquito-borne, to eradicate the mosquito-borne larvae in breeding. One way to break the chain of transmission of the mosquito Aedes aegypti as a spreader of disease. These efforts can be done by means of chemical, biological, physical and self-protection.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kejadian infeksi bakteri patogen pada penjamah makanan di kantin sebuah kampus di Depok. Disain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Mei-Juni 2017 di kantin sebuah kampus di Depok. Populasi penelitian ini seluruh penjamah makanan yang berada di kantin sebuah kampus di Depok. Jumlah sampel 60 orang penjamah makanan. Data yang dikumpulkan merupakan data primer yaitu hasil wawancara dan observasi data karakteristik dan perilaku penjamah, serta data infeksi bakteri patogen melalui pemeriksaan feses di laboratorium.
Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa 60% penjamah makanan termasuk dalam kelompok umur tidak berisiko (30-50 tahun), proporsi penjamah makanan berjenis kelamin laki-laki sedikit lebih banyak dari perempuan (53,3%), mayoritas berpendidikan rendah (58,3 %), setengahnya pernah mengikuti pelatihan kesehatan (50%), dan seluruhnya belum pernah melakukan imunisasi tifoid. Hasil pemeriksaan feses diketahui bahwa ada 3 penjamah makanan yang teridentifikasi mengandung bakteri E.coli O157 dalam fesesnya. Selain itu perilaku dan personal hygiene sebagian besar penjamah termasuk dalam kategori kurang baik, faktor lingkungan seperti fasilitas sanitasi kantin sebagian besar sudah memenuhi syarat, dan 83,3 % penjamah tidak ada riwayat kontak dengan binatang. Secara statistik tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara karakteristik, perilaku, personal hygiene, fasilitas sanitasi dan riwayat kontak dengan binatang terhadap infeksi bakteri patogen.
Dengan melihat hasil penelitian ini, disarankan agar pihak kampus terus melakukan edukasi terhadap penjamah makanan terkait perilaku dalam pengelolaan makanan dan pengawasan secara rutin terhadap kualitas kesehatan penjamah, kualitas makanan dan kondisi sanitasi agar kantin dan penjamah tidak menjadi sarana penyebaran penyakit. Kata kunci : bakteri patogen, E.coli 157, penjamah makanan, kantin
Food safety has become an important issue in public health. Approximately 10-20% of the outbreak of foodborne illness is caused by food and water contamination by pathogenic microorganisms through food handlers. Until now there has been no research on pathogenic bacteria at food handlers in this canteen.
The aim of this study is to know the incidence of pathogenic bacterial infections among food handlers in the cafeteria of a campus in Depok. The research design used was cross sectional. The study was conducted in May-June 2017 in the canteen of a campus in Depok. The population of this study is all food handlers located in the cafeteria of a campus in Depok. The sample size is 60 food handlers. The data collected are primary data that is the result of interview and observation of characteristic and behavioral data of the food handler, and data of bacterial pathogen infection by stool examination in the laboratory.
The results of the study revealed that 60% of food handlers were included in the non-risk age group (30-50 years), the proportion of male sex food handlers was slightly higher than women (53.3%), the majority of them were low educated (58.3% , Half have attended health training (50%), and all have never done tifoid immunization. The results of faecal examination revealed that there are 3 food handlers identified contain bacteria E. coli O157 in their faeces. In addition, the behavior and personal hygiene of most of the handlers are in poor category, environmental factors such as canteen sanitation facilities are largely eligible, and 83.3% of the handlers have no history of contact with animals. There was no statistically significant relationship between characteristics, behavior, personal hygiene, sanitation facilities and contact history with animals against pathogenic bacterial infections.
By looking at the results of this study, it is suggested that the campus continue to educate food handlers related to behavior in food management and regular supervision on the quality of health of the handlers, food quality and sanitary conditions for canteen and food handlers not be a means of spreading the disease. Key words: Pathogenic bacteria, E.coli 157, food handlers, canteen
The existence of landfill can be a source of manganese (Mn) pollutants in the environment. Mn can cause toxic for kidney if excessive intake. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between Mn concentrations in ground water with kidney function disorders in the people living around the Cipayung Landfill. The research was a cross sectional study with 104 respondents which included Cipayung and Pasir Putih village. Kidney function disorders was determined by the level of proteinuria or hematuria determined by the semi-quantitative dipstick method. While the Mn measurements used SNI 6989.5: 2009. The results showed that Mn levels of ground water at 9 (13,6%) sampling points exceeded drinking water quality standards and 17 people (16.3%) showed changes in kidney function. Mn concentration were between 0.06 mg / L-0.84 mg /L. There was no relationship between Mn concentration in ground water with kidney function disorders. While risk factors for hypertension and obesity had a significant relationship with kidney function disorders (OR 4.20; 95%; CI: 1.27-13.84;
OR 3.64; 95%; CI: 1.10-12.07). The conclusions of this study is risk factors for hypertension and obesity have a significant relationship with kidney function disorders.
