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This thesis discusses the hypertension in AKAP bus drivers in West Java,Jakarta and Banten in 2013. Purpose of this study is to describe the incidence ofhypertension, associated factors, and the dominant factors of hypertension amongAKAP bus drivers. These factors include factors that are not modifiable andmodifiable. Factors that can not be modified are age and family history ofhypertension. Meanwhile, factors that can be modified, namely obesity, exercise,smoking, lipid profile, alcohol consumption, and diet. Hypertension or high bloodpressure is a blood vessel disorder that results in the supply of oxygen andnutrients carried by the blood to the inhibited tissues that need it. Researchconducted by the quantitative cross-sectional design (cross-sectional). Thisresearch during the month of April to July 2014. Samples in this study amountedto 310 people. The results showed 31.9% had hypertension AKAP bus driver. Sothere is a relationship between age, total cholesterol, triglycerides, BMI, percentabdominal fat, percent body fat, alcohol consumption, and the consumption offruit. Results of multivariate analysis, age, total cholesterol, triglycerides, alcoholconsumption included in the final multivariate models, where the consumption ofalcohol as a dominant protective factor against hypertension. Moderate alcoholconsumption may increase HDL reduces the risk of hypertension.Kata kunci:hypertension, bus driver, cholesterol, triglycerides
ABSTRAK
Penyakit jantung koroner merupakan pembubuh utama di negara maju maupunnegara berkembang. Salah satu faktor risiko utama penyebab arterosclerosis adalahhiperkolesterolemia yang ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan kadar kolesterol LDL.Perubahan pola hidup yang ditandai dengan kurangnya mengkonsumsi buah dansayuran serta banyak mengkonsumsi makanan yang tinggi lemak, merupakan salahsatu risiko terjadinya peningkatan kadar kolesterol LDL. Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk mengetahui hubungan asupan serat dengan kadar kolesterol LDL pendudukusia 25-65 tahun di Kelurahan Kebon Kalapa Bogor tahun 2013. Penelitian dilakukandengan desain cross sectional menggunakan data baseline Studi Kohor Faktor RisikoPenyakit Tidak Menular Badan Litbangkes tahun 2011. Analisis multivariatemenggunakan regresi logistik. Hasil analisis data diperoleh proporsi kolesterol LDLtinggi sebesar 78.3% dengan rata-rata kadar kolesterol 120 mg/dl. Rata-rata asupanserat sebesar 7 gram/hari dengan proporsi asupan serat <6.6 gram/hari sebesar 50.5%.Hasil multivariate menunjukkan asupan serat rendah merupakan faktor protektif (OR= 0.182) terhadap kadar kolesterol LDL tinggi setelah dikontrol oleh variabel umur,asupan lemak dan asupan protein nabati. Faktor determinan dalam model ini terhadapkadar kolesterol LDL adalah asupan protein nabati (OR = 13.356). Model ini mampumemprediksi kejadian kadar kolesterol LDL sebesar 79.4% dan sisanya dipengaruhioleh variabel lain yang tidak tercantun didalam model. Dengan melakukanpenyuluhan akan pentingnya mengkonsumsi makanan yang banyak mengandungserat merupakan salah satu upaya pencegahan terjadinya penyakit yang berhubungandengan arterocslerosis. Merubah pola makan dengan memperbanyak konsumsi buahakan mengurangi kadar kolesterol LDL dalam darah.
ABSTRACT
Coronary heart disease considers as one of the major killers both in developedand developing countries. One of the main risk factors that caused artherosclerosis ishypercholesterolemia which indicates by elevated LDL cholesterol level. Life stylechanging by lack of consuming fruits and vegetables while excess in consuming foodhigh in fat content considered one of risk to have elevated cholesterol level. The aimof this research is to identify the relationship between fiber consumption and thecontent of LDL cholesterol for the people of 25-65 years of age at Kebon KelapaVillage in Bogor on the Year of 2013. The research is conducted by Cross Sectional.The analytic design utilizes the baseline data from Cohort Study of ContagiousDisease Risk Factors of the Research and Development of Health Agency of theRepublic of Indonesia in the year of 2011. Stratification is used in analyzing data andcog regression is utilized in multivariate analysis. The analysis of the result obtainedthat the prevalence of LDL cholesterol is 78.3% with the average of cholesterolcontent 120 mg/dl. The average of daily fiber consumption is 7 gram/day with theproportion of fiber consumption <6.6 gram/day is 50.5%. The result of multivariateanalysis indicates that low fiber consumption considers as a protective factor(OR=0.182) toward high level of LDL cholesterol level after having controlled bysuch variables as age, consumptions of fat and vegetable protein. Determinant factorin this model toward LDL cholesterol content is the consumption of vegetable protein(OR=13.356). This model has the ability to predict in experiencing LDL cholesterollevel 79.4% and the remaining would be influenced by other factors that have notwritten down in the model. By educating the community about the important ofconsuming high fiber foods consider as one of the effort to prevent the occurrence ofdiseases relate with artherosclerosis. Changing the eating pattern by consuming morefiber will decrease the content of cholesterol level in the blood
Disease hypercholesterolemia, hypertension and smoking behavior is a risk factorfor coronary heart disease (CHD), which became the number one killer disease inthe world (Dilley: 2000). Based on experimental research, epidemiology, andclinical states that the role of high cholesterol, and smoking habits affect theincidence of coronary heart disease (Allen: 2001). Based on data from the healthexamination at company PT ZA compared with South Kalimantan condition thatCHD risk factors (total cholesterol, smoking and blood pressure) is still highenough to do health promotion interventions. This intervention aims to determinethe degree of reduction in risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) after the mediahealth promotion intervention group A and group B media in miners in SouthKalimantan PT ZA Year 2014. Kind of research is quantitative quasi-experimental research design.These results are a significant decrease between total cholesterol measurementresults before the intervention to after intervention in group A, a significantdecrease between the results of measurements of changes in smoking behaviorbefore the intervention to after intervention in group A and in group B, there wasno reduction significant in systolic blood pressure before and after theintervention in group A, whereas no significant reduction in systolic bloodpressure sebelumm and after intervention in group B, a significant decreasebetween the results of measurements of diastolic blood pressure changes betweenthe pre-intervention to post-intervention in group A and group B, a significantdifference in the reduction in CHD risk factors between the before to afterintervention in group A and B batches, there are significant differences betweenthe use of a more effective medium than in medium B in the intervention and riskfactor reduction in total cholesterol reduction. Health promotion interventionsusing media booklet, counseling, nutrition counseling, health seminars able todeliver positive changes in health behavior changes.
