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ABSTRAK Nama : Ainurinsan Amaludin Program Studi : Kajian Administrasi Rumah Sakit Judul : Efisiensi Pengadaan dan Penyimpanan Obat dalam Penyusunan Rencana Pengadaan Obat di RSUD Pasar Minggu Masalah terkait pengadaan obat di rumah sakit kerapkali terjadi, tidak terkecuali di RSUD Pasar Minggu. Masalah pengadaan obat yang sering terjadi di RSUD Pasar Minggu adalah peningkatan anggaran obat, seringnya terjadi kekosongan stok obat, dan lead time pengadaan obat yang relatif lama. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya efisiensi pengadaan dan penyimpanan obat dalam penyusunan rencana kebutuhan obat untuk memperlancar kegiatan operasional dan meningkatkan mutu pelayanan kesehatan. Bentuk penelitian ini adalah riset operasional dengan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif untuk menyusun upaya efisiensi baik dari pendekatan farmasi dan non farmasi. Pendekatan farmasi dilakukan dengan mengelompokkan obat menurut Analisis ABC nilai investasi kemudian membandingkan beberapa model inventori demi mendapatkan model dengan total biaya pengadaan dan penyimpanan obat terkecil, sementara pendekatan non farmasi melalui upaya manajemen formularium. Hasil Analisis ABC nilai investasi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 34 jumlah obat kelompok A yang menjadi fokus utama efisiensi pengendalian biaya obat. Obat kelompok A tersebut kemudian dihitung perencanaan kebutuhannya dengan menggunakan model inventori Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) untuk menghasilkan perhitungan total biaya pengadaan dan penyimpanan obat (TIC) terkecil. Untuk mengantisipasi kejadian kekosongan stok obat dilakukan dengen menentukan nilai safety stock yang mempertimbangkan jumlah pemakaian dan lead time masing – masing obat. Kata kunci: Analisis ABC; Efisiensi; EOQ; TIC.
ABSTRACT Name : Ainurinsan Amaludin Program of Study : Hospital Administration Study Title : Medication Procurement and Inventory Efficiency in Planning Medication Procurement in RSUD Pasar Minggu Problems related to procuring medication often occur in hospital, including in RSUD Pasar Minggu. The problems involved are increased medication budget, the frequent occurrence of out of stock medication, and relatively long medication procurement lead time. Therefore, it is necessary to determine efforts to maximize efficiency in medication procurement and inventory in planning medication needs so that operational activities can be reinforced and the quality of health service can be improved. This is an operational research with qualitative and quantitative method to establish efficiency efforts both from pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical approaches. Pharmaceutical approach involves doing ABC Analysis to group the medication based on its investment values. Then, three inventory models will be compared to get the model with the lowest total inventory cost (TIC). Meanwhile, nonpharmaceutical approach is done by formulary management efforts. ABC Analysis of investment value indicates that group A medication consist of 34 items. Those items become the main focus of medication cost containment. The medication needs for group A are then calculated by Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model to generate the lowest TIC. In addition, safety stock calculation that determines not only the demand of the medication but also the procurement lead time of each drug is vital to anticipate the occurrence of out of stock medication. Keywords: ABC Analysis; Efficiency; EOQ; TIC.
Kata Kunci : ABC Indeks Kritis, EOQ, ROP.
This study is an analitic descriptive research with quantitative approachusing The ABC Critical Index deals with inventory controls of the antibiotics atthe pharmacy unit of the Leprosy Hospital dr Rivai Abdullah Palembang in 2014.The results are 11 items (13,58 %) are A group, 32 items (39,51%) are B groupand 38 items (46,91 %) are C group. The Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) andthe Reorder Point (ROP) are doing for the A group. As the final result thehospital can save Rp. 49.221.372,- yearly if using this inventory controls.
Key Words : ABC Critical Index, Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), ReorderPoint (ROP).
Kata kunci :Pengendalian persediaan, Analisis ABC indeks kritis, EOQ, ROP, Peramalan
The purpose of this research is to analyze antibiotics inventory control using ABCcritical index method at Meilia Hospital in 2014. The design of this research is adescriptive quantitative research. In this research the data is based on the consumedantibiotics in January to December 2014 and the critical index value of antibiotics.The result showed that the group A consisted of 10 items with a value of Rp2.114.748.870,- (39.91%). The group B consisted of 45 items with a value of Rp2.380.506.460,- (44.92%). The group C consisted of 110 items with a value of Rp803.183.274,- (15.17%). An inventory control analysis was done by calculatingEOQ and ROP of the group A. The three methods of forecasting were used in thisresearch, i.e Single Smoothing Exponential, 3 period Moving Average, and 3 periodWeighted Moving Average. To choose the forecasting method that will be used isdetermined by the level of accuracy and the influence of forecast result on hospitalcost.
Keywords :Inventory control, ABC critical index method, EOQ, ROP, Forecasting
Kata Kunci : Analisis ABC; EOQ; ITOR;Manajemen Logistik.
Nutrition Unit at the hospital is a medical support plays an important part in theorganization of food supply in the hospital. This study aims to determine theoptimal inventory control and procurement processes of foodstuffs at NutritionUnit in the hospital of Awal Bros Pekanbaru. This research is using qualitativeapproach method by observational and in-depth interviews with those directlyrelated to the process of planning and controlling the supply and logistics ofgroceries is used and analyzed by ABC, EOQ and ITOR methods.The studies shows that the control of the procurement of food supplies in theNutrition Unit of Awal Bros Pekanbaru do manually using the method ofconsumption. ABC Analysis showed 177 items of dry groceries there were 13(9,66%) items groceries group A spend 70,94% of the total investment value theprocurement of foodstuffs. Analysis results obtained EOQ values are variesdepending on the total investment value of foodstuffs. The effectiveness ofprocurement and inventory control of foodstuffs based on Inventory TurnoverRatio (ITOR) using EOQ calculation is faster than ITOR with the method ofconsumption.
Keywords : ABC Analysis; EOQ; ITOR; Logistics Management.
ABSTRAK Nama : Denny Puri Apriyansyah Program Studi : Kajian Administrasi Rumah Sakit Judul : Analisis Pengendalian Persediaan Obat E-catalogue Untuk Mencegah Kekosongan Obat di RSUD Palembang BARI Obat merupakan bagian terpenting dalam pelayanan kesehatan, sehingga pemerintah berkewajiban menjamin ketersediaan, pemerataan dan keterjangkauan obat.Kebijakan pengadaan obat secara e-purchasing memiliki beberapa hambatan sehingga menyebakan terjadinya kekosongan obat di gudang farmasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui faktor-faktor eksternal dan internal penyebab terjadinya stock out obat e-catalogue dan melakukan upaya pengendalian logistik menggunakan metode analisis ABC indeks kritis dan perhitungan Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) dan Re Order Point (ROP). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah riset operasional dengan wawancara mendalam, observasi dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor eksternal yang menyebabkan terjadinya stock out antara lain ketersediaan obat belum optimal, kelemahan distribusi, proses approval yang lama dari pemasok, ketidaksesuaian harga antara sistem e-catalogue dan harga obat saat ini, lemahnya sanksi, keluhan perangkat lunak, dan koneksi jaringan, sedangkan kendala dari internal rumah sakit diantaranya kurangnya jumlah SDM, belum adanya kebijakan dan prosedur pengelolaan obat e-catalogue serta keterlambatan pembayaran kepada distributor. Upaya pengendalian persediaan obat e-catalogue melalui analisis ABC indeks kritis terdapat 11 item obat e-catalogue yang tergolong kelompok A, terdapat 71 item obat e-catalogue tergolong kelompok B, dan 270 item obat e-catalogue tergolong kelompok C. Berdasarkan metode EOQ didapatkan jumlah pemesanan optimum obat e-catalogue kelompok A berjumlah mulai dari 42 – 5090 unit. Berdasarkan metode ROP dengan mempertimbangkan safety stock diperoleh titik pemesanan kembali untuk kelompok A mulai dari 1038 – 30240 unit. Kata kunci : e-purchasing, e-catalogue , stock out, analisis ABC, EOQ, ROP
ABSTRACT Nama : Denny Puri Apriyansyah Program Studi : Kajian Administrasi Rumah Sakit Judul : Inventory Control Analysis of E-catalogue Drug to Prevent Stock Out at Palembang BARI Hospital in 2016 Drugs are the most important part of health care, so the government is obliged to ensure the availability, equity and affordability of medicines. The e-purchasing drug procurement policy has several obstacles, causing drug vacancy in the pharmaceutical warehouse. This study aims to determine the external factors and internal causes of drug stock outs e-catalog and perform logistic control efforts using the analysis method of critical index ABC and the calculation of Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) and Re Order Point (ROP). The research method used is operational research with in-depth interview, oservation and document review. The results of the study show that external factors that cause the stock out, among others, the availability of the drug has not been optimal, the weakness of distribution, the old approval process from the supplier, the price discrepancy between the e-catalog system and the current drug price, the severity of the sanctions, the software complaints and the network connection , While the internal hospital constraints include the lack of human resources, the absence of e-catalog drug management policies and procedures as well as late payment to distributors. Efforts to control the supply of e-catalog drugs through the analysis of critical index ABC there are 11 items of drug e-categorized belonging to group A, there are 71 items of drug e-catalog belong to group B, and 270 items of drug e-catalog belong to group C. Based on EOQ method obtained The optimum order quantity of group A e-catalog drugs ranged from 42 - 5090 units. Based on ROP method by considering safety stock obtained point of reorder for group A starting from 1038 - 30240 unit. Key words : e-purchasing, e-catalogue , stock out, ABC analysis, EOQ, ROP
Di RSUD Dokter Soedarso, berdasarkan hasil wawancara, ditemukan kejadian penundaan pelayanan resep sebanyak 70-80% setiap bulannya. Penundaan pelayanan resep disebabkan habisnya persediaan obat di gudang penyimpanan. Dalam persiapan menjadi BLUD, pihak manajemen harus memperbaiki sistem pengadaan obat. Penelitian ini adalah analisis evaluasi ekonomi kuantitatif untuk menyusun model pengadaan obat antibiotik kelompok A nilai investasi. Selanjutnya dilakukan perhitungan total biaya persediaan obat kelompok A. Kemudian dilakukan penghitungan EOQ serta ROP dilanjutkan dengan dilakukan simulasi pengadaan dengan metode EOQ dan perhitungan biayanya. Dari biaya yang diperoleh dilakukan perbandingan untuk melihat efektifitas pengadaan terhadap konsekuensi ITOR, service level, cakupan obat terlayani, jumlah waktu pekerjaan dan jumlah dokumen yang dihasilkan. Pengadaan persediaan farmasi di RSUD Dokter Soedarso Pontianak belum dilakukan dengan optimal untuk mencapai hasil yang efektif dilihat dari sudut pandang biaya. Dengan adanya keterbatasan anggaran, sebaiknya dilakukan prioritas dalam pengadaan obat-obatan dengan menggunakan analisis ABC nilai investasi. Metode ini akan membantu pihak manajemen untuk lebih memfokuskan diri terhadap obat-obatan yang mempunyai nilai investasi tinggi. Pengadaan obat antibiotik kelompok A nilai investasi mempunyai efektifitas biaya yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan cara RSUD Dokter Soedarso saat ini jika dilihat dari sudut pandang service level, cakupan obat terlayani, jumlah waktu pekerjaan dan jumlah dokumen yang dihasilkan (CER EOQ < CER RS). Sedangkan dilihat dari sudut pandang ITOR, sangat tergantung dengan jumlah pemesanan. Jumlah pemesanan lebih dari 350 vial metode EOQ lebih efektif sedangkan jumlah pemesanan kurang dari 350 vial, cara RSUD Dokter Soedarso lebih efektif.
At the RSUD Dokter Soedarso, based on interviews, it was found 70-80% delay per month in pharmacy services (drog provison for patients). The reason for the delays was stockout of prescription drugs in the pharmacy storage. In preparation to be BLUD, the management should improve the drug procurement system. This was a quantitative analysis of economic evaluation study to compare a procurement methode for class A ABC investing score analysis antibiotics. The calculation of EOQ and ROP was performed, followed by procurement simulations with EOQ method and cost calculations. Total cost were compared with each consequences, namely, ITOR, service level, drug coverage, worktime needed and documents generated. The procurement method at RSUD Dokter Soedarso has yet to be implemented in an optimal way to reach the desired effectiveness from cost point of view. With budget limitations, it is advised to prioritize the drugs procurement using ABC insvesting score analysis. This method will help the management to focus more on the drugs that have a high investment value. Procurement of class A ABC investing score analysis antibiotics drugs using EOQ method is more cost effective compared with RSUD Dokter Soedarso?s ways viewed from service level, drug coverage, amount of time and amount of documents (CER EOQ < CER Hospital). Whereas from ITOR consequences, the cost effectivenes depends on the amount of purchasing. EOQ method is likely more cost effective f the amounts of purchasing exceed 350 vials.
