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Hypertension is one of diseases caused world health problems. The prevalence of hypertension is predicted will be increase. Hypertension in Indonesia are dominated by the female population. One of the risk factors caused hypertension is the use of hormonal contraception. This study aims to determine the association between the last birth hormonal contraception and the prevalence of hypertension. The research design was cross-sectional from January to June 2023 used the 2018 Riskesdas data. The exposed group was 45,178 respondents who used hormonal contraception and the unexposed group was 30,845 who did not use hormonal contraception. The results showed that there was a significant association between the use of hormonal contraception and the prevalence of hypertension after controlling for age and body mass index with AdjPR 1.10 (95% CI 1.06–1.12). This study also assessed the association between types of hormonal contraception including 3-month injection contraception with AdjPR value of 1.08 (95% CI 1.05-1.12); 1-month injectable contraception with AdjPR value of 0.99 (95% CI 0.93-1.05), implant contraceptive AdjPR 0.90 (95% CI 0.84-0.96), and contraceptive pill AdjPR 1.30 (95% CI 1.23-1.35). This is expected to illustrate the importance of choosing the right contraception to prevent the hypertension
High-risk Human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is the necessary factor for the development of cervical cancer. The use of hormonal contraception has been associated with HR-HPV risk infection. However, the existing study results are not conclusive. There is very limited relevant data available in Indonesia. Hence, this study is aimed to evaluate the association between the use of hormonal contraceptives and infection risk of HR-HPV based on data from a 2019 screening program held by Indonesian Cancer Foundation, Jakarta branch, in Jakarta. This is a case-control study using secondary data from a cervical cancer screening program in Jakarta during January-December 2019. The case group is subjects with positive HPV-DNA test results from Hybrid Capture 2. The control group is randomly selected from the screening participants with negative HPV-DNA test results, with a ratio with the case is 2:1, and frequency matched based on area of domicile. Data is analyzed using multivariate analysis, unconditional logistic regression. The number of case in this study is 172 and 344 subjects in the control group. The prevalence of HR-HPV infection from the whole screening program is 6,56%. Most study participants were not using any kind of contraception methods (62,79% cases; 49,13% control). The risk of HR-HPV is crude OR 0,64 (95% CI 0,39-1,04, p=0,06) and adjusted OR 0,97 (95% CI 0,53-1,79; p=0,93). in current user of hormonal contraceptives. Whilst the association in the past users of hormonal contraception prior the test is crude OR 0,55 (95%CI 0,37-0,83; p=0,002) and adjusted OR 0,53 (95% 0,34-0,82; p=0,005). There is no significant association between the current user of hormonal contraceptives and the risk of HR-HPV infection. On the other hand there is a significant negative association in the past user group.
