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Pendahuluan. Kelahiran bayi prematur di Indonesia masih cukup tinggi (14,2%), bila dibandingkan dengan negara-negara lainnya yang termasuk kedalam negara berpenghasilan sedang seperti Cina, Chili, Amerika Latin, Uruguay dan Brazil. Dampak yang ditimbulkan akibat persalinan prematur ini sangat besar seperti peningkatan mortalitas dan morbiditas bayi serta gangguan tumbuh kembang yang nantinya akan berdampak panjang pada kelangsungan hidup bayi. Salah satu penyebab terjadinya prematur adalah anemia pada ibu hamil. Meskipun pada beberapa penelitian anemia telah terbukti meningkatkan risiko terjadinya persalinan prematur, namun masih perlu dilakukan penelitian lain pada populasi yang berbeda, yaitu populasi perkotaan (rural) disalah satu rumah sakit di Jakarta Pusat (RSIA Budi Kemuliaan). Tujuan Penelitian. Mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh anemia ibu hamil pada trimester III dengan kejadian persalinan prematur di RSIA Budi Kemuliaan Jakarta periode Januari - April 2010 setelah di kontrol dengan variabel karakteristik ibu, Status Sosio Ekonomi, kondisi kehamilan dan persalinan saat ini, dan riwayat obstetri yang pernah dialami ibu. Metode Penelitian. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah kasus kontrol dengan penggunaan data sekunder rekam medik. Populasi penelitian pada kelompok kasus yaitu semua ibu yang melahirkan < 37 minggu di RSIA Budi Kemuliaan dan populasi kontrol adalah semua ibu yang melahirkan aterm (cukup bulan) > 37-42 minggu di RSIA Budi Kemuliaan Jakarta. Sampel penelitian diambil dari persalinan pada periode waktu Januari – April 2010. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi logistik. Hasil Penelitian. Pada analisis bivariat hubungan anemia prematur diperoleh OR 4,38 (95% CI: 2,24 – 7,85) sebelum dikontrol dengan variabel kovariat. Setelah dilakukan analisis multivariat didapatkan model akhir hubungan anemia ibu hamil dan prematur dan faktor lainnya yang berpengaruh yaitu pendidikan, jarak kehamilan, cara melahirkan dan komplikasi kehamilan didapatkan OR 5.79 (95% CI: 3,03 – 11,08). Kesimpulan. Hubungan anemia ibu hamil dan terjadinya prematur didapatkan OR 5.79 (95% CI: 3,03 – 11,08), artinya ibu hamil yang menderita anemia berisiko 5,79 kali untuk melahirkan prematur dibandingkan dengan ibu hamil yang tidak anemia setelah dikontrol oleh variabel pendidikan, jarak melahirkan, cara melahirkan dan komplikasi kehamilan Kata kunci: prematur, anemia.
Introduction. Premature in Indonesia if compare to the other developmental countries such as China, Chile, America Latin, Uruguay and Brazil is still high (14,2%). The effect of premature is extremely huge, for example it’s increasing the baby mortality and the morbidity rate as well as interfering the growth and developmental process from childhood to adulthood and the future. One of the causal factors of prematurity is anemia during pregnancy. Eventough the relationship between premature and anemia in pregnancy is well-noted in some previous researchs, the author believe that it still needs to be done on other settings like urban population at Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak Budi Kemuliaan Jakarta Pusat. Objective. To obtain the magnitude of the risk prematur caused by anemia during pregnancy at Third Trisemeters at RSIA Budi Kemuliaan Jakarta period January-April 2010 after contolled by variabel maternal characteristics, social economic status, condition of current pregnancy and delivery, and obstetrical history. Method. This case control research used data from medical record. The case population is whole mothers whom delivered < 37 weeks of gestation, while control population is whole mothers whom delivered aterm > 3742 weeks at RSIA Budi Kemuliaan Jakarta. Sampel was taken from period January to April 2010 and the data was analized with logistic regression. Result. On bivariat analisys found OR 4,38 (95% CI: 2,24 – 7,85. Fitted model on multivariate analysis after controlling variables education, length of pregnancy, mode of delivery and complication OR 5.79 (95% CI: 3,03 – 11,08). Conclusion. The effect of anemia in pregnancy to premature found OR 5.79 (95% CI: 3,03 – 11,08), which implies the mother whom anemia during pregnancy having risk 5,79 times to have premature baby than mother whom are not anemia during pregnancy after controlled by variable education, length of pregnancy, mode of delivery, and complication in pregnancy. xi Key words: prematur, anemia.
Asphyxia neonatorum is the cause of 23% of all neonatal mortality in the world. Three quarters from the mortalityare caused by conditions that can be prevented and treated, including the incident of asphyxia. Low Birth Weight(LBW) has the risk of having a respiratory failure that can cause asphyxia neonatorum, however not all LBWinfants is prematurity, due to this problem, it can be estimated that approximately one-third of LBW is aterminfants. This research was conducted in Budi kemuliaan hospital, which was one of the private mother and childhospital that reference to the birth process in Jakarta. The design of this research was case-control by using medicalrecord data, with 120 cases and 240 controls. The multivariate analysis showed that asphyxia neonatorum on theLBW had OR 2.17 (CI 95% 088-5.37) and the risk increase on the premature (normal and low birth weight) OR4.69 (CI 95% 2.68-8.18). Premature (normal and low birth weight) had 4.69 more at risk of asphyxia neonatorumthan the normal weight neonatal.Keyword: Asphyxia, Low Birth Weight, Prematurity.
As neonatal care is improving and survival rate is better, clinicans are now focus on optimizing postnatal growth. This retrospective study involved preterm infant in RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo from 2018-2020 which are inborn and survive at discharge. Exclusion criteria are infants with congenital anomalies and discharged at request. Severe neonatal morbidites are hyaline membrane disease, persistent ductus arteriosus, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, proven neonatal sepsis, and intraventricular hemorrhage. Extrauterine growth restriction is defined as the difference between discharge weight and birth weight more than -0.8 z-score based on Fenton Preterm Growth Chart. Controlled covariates are gestational age, sex, intrauterine growth status, history of resuscitation, prolonged use of invasive ventilation, and postnatal steroid. From 275 subjects, 93 of them had severe neonatal morbidities (33.82%) and 82 had extrauterine growth restriction (29.83%). Severe neonatal morbidities increase risk of extrauterine growth restriction by 1.61 (95%CI 1.05-2.46) after being controlled by covariates. In conclusion, severe neonatal morbidities is an independent risk factor of extrauterine growth restriction among preterm infants.
Preterm birth is the third leading cause of neonatal mortality in Indonesia. It significantly contributes to neonatal morbidity and mortality, thereby affecting the overall health indicators of the country. This study aims to identify the determinants of preterm birth in urban and rural areas of Indonesia. The data were obtained from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey using a cross-sectional study design. The study sample consisted of 32,288 ever-married women aged 10–54 years who had given birth in the last five years. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression. The results showed that antenatal care (ANC) visits, multiple pregnancies, hypertension, and antepartum hemorrhage were significant determinants of preterm birth in both urban and rural areas. Maternal age, premature rupture of membranes, and mode of delivery were only associated with preterm birth in urban areas, while placenta previa was only significant in rural areas. Multiple pregnancies were the most dominant factor associated with preterm birth in both settings.