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There are 714 Medical Device Distributors (PAK) that have been inspected by the Directorate of Medical Devices and Household Health Supplies (PKRT), the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia during 2016-2018 with the results of 119 PAK fulfilling the requirements for Good Distribution Medical Device Practice (CDAKB), 442 PAKs did not meet CDAKB requirements, 46 PAKs were recommended to obtain CDAKB certificates and 153 PAKs had their PAK permits revoked. This study aims to determine the performance of the implementation of Regulation of the Minister of Health Number 4 of 2014 in the Implementation of the 2019 CDAKB and the relationship between variables that influence it. This research method is qualitative, carried out from March to July 2020, through in-depth interviews with informants, observation, and document review. The results showed that in 2019 there were 386 PAKs that had monitored and evaluated the implementation of the CDAKB, of which there were 114 PAKs that had met the CDAKB requirements. Several factors that can hinder policy implementation include standards and policy targets that have not been translated into performance indicators, incentives from policy resource variables that have not been properly recorded and socialized, and characteristics of the implementing agency in terms of limited human resources and sub-optimal relations between organizations. . The researcher recommends the need to formulate regulations that contain mandatory CDAKB certification for all PAK and make the implementation of CDAKB an indicator of activities.
Medical devices are an important component of healthcare besides drugs. In addition to having a social function, medical devices also has an economic function and commodity that has promising value. Indonesia is a big markets for medical devices marketing with a market value of about 800 million USD by 2015 and is estimated to reach 1.2 billion USD by 2019 (BMI, 2015). However, the need for medical devices is still fulfilled by more than 90% of imported medical devices. This research uses qualitative method with In-depth Interview technique. Research Result of: Communication on the hilirization policy implementation of medical devices research results in Gadjah Mada University still not effective. Resources at Gadjah Mada University such as human resources, facilities and funds have not been optimal. Bureaucracy Structure, the have not SOP in the the hilirization policy implementation of medical devices research results. Conclusion: the hilirization policy implementation of medical devices research results in Gadjah Mada University is still not optimal in the hilirization implementation of medical devices research results. Obstacles: Gadjah Mada University researchers' communication with LKPP is less synergic so that the products that should be arranged in the governance of medical devices procurement are still rejected by LKPP. The disposition on the perception of the use of foreign medical devices is of better quality and the lack of industry interest in producing medical devices and business actors to invest in the medical devices industry. Research resources in quantity are still lacking in supporting the research of medical devices consistently, so far the function of lecturers as teaching staff and as a researcher. And testing laboratories are still lacking for Gadjah Mada University researchers. The organizational structure lacks the SOP of the director's job, the researchers and the advocacy team in carrying out their responsibilities resulting in a lack of achievement of the objectives of the prototype, Circulation License, HAKI, and commercialization of research results.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan data primer melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi dan telaah dokumen serta studi literatur mengenai kebijakan terkait, dan data sekunder melalui dokumen perizinan alkes di Kementerian Kesehatan, dengan variabel komunikasi, sumber daya, disposisi, dan struktur birokrasi.
Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa komunikasi sudah dilakukan oleh pelaksana kebijakan; adanya kekurangan pada aspek SDM pada variabel sumber daya; disposisi dari pelaksana kebijakan sehingga tujuan dari kebijakan dapat tercapai; dan struktur birokrasi yang masih terkendala pada koordinasi antar lintas sektoral. Disposisi merupakan variabel yang paling berpengaruh, yaitu sikap dari pelaksana kebijakan dalam mengimplementasikan kebijakan ini ditunjukkan dengan tercapainya tujuan kebijakan dalam meningkatkan jumlah industri dan kapasitas produksi alkes substitusi impor.
Regulation of Minister of Health number 17 year 2017 was designated as a follow up to Presidential Instruction number 6 year 2016 in particular pointed to facilitate the development of medical devices industry . One of its objectives is to increase the number of industries and production capacity of import substitution medical devices. This study aimed to find out how the implementation of domestic medical devices industrial development policy especially in increasing the number of industries and production capacity of import substitution medical devices.
The research method used was qualitative research method with primary data through in depth interview, observation and document review and literature study regarding related policy, and secondary data through Ministry of Health medical devices approved database, with variables communication, resources, disposition and bureaucratic structures.
The result of the research showed that communication has been done by the policy implementers lack of human resource aspects in resource variables disposition of policy implementers so that the objectives of the policy can be achieved and bureaucratic structures that are still constrained on inter sectoral coordination. Disposition is the most influential variable, the attitude of the policy implementers in implementing this policy is indicated by the achievement of policy objectives in increasing the number of industries and production capacity of import substitution medical devices.
The needs of medical devices in Indonesia currently 90% are met by imported medical devices. Therefore the government issued Minister of Health Regulation No. 17 of 2017 concerning Action Plans for the Development of the Pharmaceutical Industry and Medical Devices, one of which is through the policy of accelerating the licensing of medical devices. So this study aims to determine the implementation of accelerated medical device licensing policies to support the development of the domestic medical device industry. This study uses qualitative methods and is analyzed with Van Meter and Van Horn policy theory with variable size and objectives, resources, characteristics of implementing agencies, communication between organizations, disposition of implementers, as well as economic, social, and political environments that influence policy implementation. The results of the study are that the size and objectives of the policy are clear but are still constrained by the availability of human resources and the limited characteristics of the implementing agency, as well as the disposition of implementers that are still less than the intensity of the implementation of the policy. Communication between organizations related to policy is quite optimal, and the economic and social environment is quite supportive, but the political environment is not enough to support policy. This study recommends making accompanying policies such as the obligation to use domestic medical devices at government health service facilities to expand the domestic production of medical devices.
Kebijakan terkait kemandirian sediaan alat kesehatan telah diterbitkan sejak tahun 2016. Namun, jumlah izin edar dan jumlah transaksi pengadaan alat kesehatan dalam pengadaan e katalog masih didominasi oleh alat kesehatan impor. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa belum terjadi kemandirian dalam produksi alat kesehatan dalam negeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi implementasi kebijakan pengembangan industri alat kesehatan dalam negeri. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam pada aktor kebijakan yang terlibat, asosiasi perusahaan alat kesehatan, dan pengguna alat kesehatan dan telaah dokumen. Penelitian ini melihat bagaimana kebijakan tersebut diimplementasikan dari aspek kebijakan, sumber daya, komunikasi, kesetaraan akses, potensi pasar, dan kualitas produk. Secara umum, kebijakan pengembangan industri alat kesehatan dalam negeri sudah berjalan, namun dalam implementasinya masih terdapat banyak tantangan untuk dapat mencapai optimal. Lemahnya sistem tata kelola dalam pengembangan industri alat kesehatan menyebabkan implementasi kebijakan tidak optimal.
Policies related to self-reliance in medical device provision have been issued since 2016. However, the number of marketing authorizations and procurement transactions for medical devices in the e-catalog remain dominated by imported medical devices. This indicates a lack of self-sufficiency in domestic medical device production. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of policies for developing the domestic medical device industry. This research employs a qualitative approach, utilizing in-depth interviews with involved policy actors, medical device company associations, and medical device users, alongside document analysis. The study wants to see how the policy implemented from the aspects of policy, resources, equitable access, market potential, and product quality. These aspects are then evaluated to determine whether the policy implementation aligns with the existing policy content. Generally, the policy for domestic medical device industry development is underway, however, its implementation still faces numerous challenges to achieve optimal results. Weak governance in the medical device industry's development leads to suboptimal policy implementation.
