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Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi penggunaan kondom pada saatberhubungan seks sebesar 18% pada pasangan tetap, 17% pada pasangan tidaktetap, 17% membeli seks dan 5% menjual seks. Determinan penggunaan kondompada 4 pasangan berbeda, namun tidak memiliki kondom selalu ada pada semuajenis pasangan. Determinan penggunaan kondom pada pasangan tetap adalahtidak memiliki kondom, tidak merasa berisiko, pengetahuan rendah, tidakmengakses LASS, tidak menikah dan merasa kondom tidak bermanfaat dalammencegah HIV merupakan determinan dari perilaku penggunaan kondom Penasunpada pasangan tetap. Determinan penggunaan kondom pada pasangan tidak tetapadalah tidak memiliki kondom dan tidak menikah merupakan determinanpenggunaan kondom Penasun pada pasangan tidak tetap. Determinan penggunaankondom pada Penasun yang membeli seks adalah tidak memiliki kondommerupakan determinan penggunaan kondom Penasun saat membeli seks.
Kata Kunci : Penasun, Penggunaan Kondom
Consistent condom use in IDUs remains low. According to the report IBBS2013, the consistent use of condoms in 17% IDU steady partner, 17% of couplesare not fixed and 16% commercial partner. This study aims to look at thedeterminants of condom use among IDU in four cities in Indonesia. This studyuses IBBS IDU 2013. How sampling IBBS IDU is Respondent Driven Sampling(RDS). Analysis of univariate, bivariate and multivariable.
The results showed the proportion of condom use during sex by 18% on aregular partner, 17% on casual partners, 17% and 5% purchase sex sell sex.Determinants of condom use on four different couples, but does not have acondom always exist in all types of couples. Determinants of condom use on aregular partner is not having a condom, do not feel at risk, low knowledge, noaccess LASS, not married and feel condoms are not useful in preventing HIV is adeterminant of condom use behaviors of IDUs in couples staying. Determinants ofcondom use in casual partners is not to have condoms and abstaining frommarriage is the determinant of condom use in casual partners of IDUs. The Determinants of condom use among IDU who buy sex is not having a condom is a determinant of the use of condoms when buying sex IDU.
Keywords: IDU, Condom Use
Kata Kunci : LSL, Penggunaan Kondom Konsisten, Pulau Jawa, Indonesia
Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) are population at high risk for HIVinfection. Promoting consistent condom use (CCU) is a key risk reduction strategyfor HIV prevention among MSM. This thesis reports the factors associated withCCU among MSM with their regular, casual, client, and sex worker partners. Thisthesis used cross-sectional design from Integrated Biological and BehaviourSurveillance for MSM in Java Island in 2011. Binary logistic regression analyseswere conducted to assess the determinants of CCU with socio-demographic,perceived, cues to action, and past condom use factors. CCU ranged from 37 to49% with male partners and 28% with female partner. Multivariate analysesshowed that MSM who had a single status, comprehensive knowledge, no STDsymptoms, and past condom use were likely to be consistent condom users. HIVinterventions among MSM need to increase comprehensive knowledge of HIVand promote CCU with all types of sex partners.
Keywords : MSM, Consistent condom use, Java Island, Indonesia
Prevalensi HIV pada LSL terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun, 8% pada 2007 menjadi 17% pada 2011. Tingginya prevalensi HIV pada populasi ini disebabkan oleh pratek perilaku seks aman berupa penggunaan kondom secara konsisten yang masih rendah, 32% pada 2007 dan 24% pada 2011. Tujuan penelitian: Diperolehnya informasi yang mendalam tentang faktor-faktor pendukung dan penghambat perilaku penggunaan kondom secara konsisten pada pekerja seks laki-laki panti pijat serta situasi dan pola penggunaan kondomnya. Desain penelitian: Kualitatif menggunakan rapid assessment procedures. Sebanyak 30 informan dipilih melalui ?stratified? purposive sampling dari 15 panti pijat laki-laki, diwawancarai secara mendalam menggunakan structured open-ended question, ditranskrip dan matriks dibuat untuk memilah data sesuai tema-tema yang muncul. Observasi situasi di panti pijat dan analisis dokumen dilakukan untuk melengkapi wawancara mendalam. Analisis-interpretasi data dilakukan berdasarkan 5 level Socio Ecological Model. Hasil: Sebagian besar faktor-faktor pada level individual (pengetahuan, motivasi dan kesiapan menggunakan kondom, niat, keputusan menggunakan kondom, keterampilan, dan selfefficacy) dalam situasi yang memadai dan menjadi faktor pendukung penggunaan kondom secara konsisten. Namun pengaruh faktor-faktor ini tidak langsung dan sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor interpersonal terutama klien, atasan/manajer panti pijat, teman dan pasangan tetap serta oleh faktor-faktor situasi organisasi panti pijat seperti aturan organisasi, mekanisme rantai suplai distribusi dan promosi kondom, struktur dan budaya organisasi. Faktor-faktor pada level komunitas tidak mendukung tetapi juga tidak menghambat secara langsung karena jejaring, kapasitas, kepemimpinan, partisipasi dan sumber daya komunitas masih embrional dan belum kuat. Faktor-faktor pada level kebijakan publik mendukung perilaku penggunaan kondom informan karena memungkinkan ketersediaan dan distribusi kondom serta program HIV berjalan di panti pijat. Namun karena adanya kontradiksi antara beberapa kebijakan publik, pengaruhnya menjadi terbatas. Ditemukan juga ada 3 pola umum penggunaan kondom pada informan yang merupakan model sederhana dari stage of change model, health believe model, precaution adoption process model dan social cognitive theory. Kesimpulan/rekomendasi: semua informan telah menggunakan kondom tetapi hanya sebagian kecil informan, sekitar 30%, yang penggunaan kondomnya konsisten. Faktor pada level interpersonal dan organisasional adalah faktor yang paling mempengaruhi penggunaan kondom informan dibandingkan faktor-faktor pada level individual, komunitas dan kebijakan publik. Disarankan agar intervensi pencegahan HIV menyasar lebih dalam faktor-faktor pada kedua level tersebut.
Background: HIV prevalence among MSM increase time to time, 8% in 2007 to 17% in 2011. High HIV prevalence among this population caused by low unsafe sex practices in form of consistent condom use, 32% in 2007 and 24% in 2011. Study purpose: to acquired insight of consistent condom use suporting and inhibiting factors among massage parlor-based male sex workers as well as situation and patterns of condom use behavior. Study design: qualitative approach using rapid assessment procedure method. Thirty informans were select through ?stratified? purposive sampling from 15 massage parlors, interviewed using structured open-ended questions, trancripted and matrix developed for data sorting to captured any emerged themes. Documents and secondary data analysis and observation carried out to suplement indepth interview. Data analysis and interpretation done based on 5 levesl of Socio Ecological Model. Results: Most of factors at individual level (knowledge, motivation and readiness to use condom, behavioral intention, deicion about acting, condom use skill, self-efficacy) were adequate and as supporting factors for consistent condom use practices. However influences of these factors was indirect and greathly influenced by interpersonal factors particularly by clients, massage parlor managers, peers and steady partners as well as by organizational factors such as massage parlor work regulation, condom supply chain management and promotion, organizational culture and structure. Factors at community level were neither support nor inhibit directly to consitent condom use practices. These are mainly caused by inadequate and embryonic stage of community networking, capacity, leadership, participation, and resources. Factors at public policy level support informant?s consistent condom use practices since these factors enabled condom availability and distribution and presence of HIV prevention program inside the massage parlors as well. However due to contradiction among those existing public policy, the influences were narrow. This study found 3 general patterns of informant?s condom use practices which are served as simple model of social cognitive theory, stages of change model, health believe model and precaution adoption process model. Conslusion/recommendation: All informants had used condom but only few of them, about 30%, had used it consistently. Factors at interpersonal and organizational level were the most influencing factors for consistent condom use practices among informants compared to factors at individual, community and public policy level. It is recommended to have deeper and more intensive intervention at those two levels.