Ditemukan 4 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query :: Simpan CSV
P.C. Valery ... [et al]
Abstrak:
Inconsistent evidence exists regarding the association between work-related factors and risk of multiple sclerosis (MS). We examined the association between occupational exposures and risk of a first clinical diagnosis of central nervous system demyelination (FCD), which is strongly associated with progression to MS, in a matched case-control study of 276 FCD cases and 538 controls conducted in Australia (2003-2006). Using a personal residence and work calendar, information on occupational history and exposure to chemicals and animals was collected through face-to-face interviews. Few case-control differences were noted. Fewer cases had worked as professionals (≥6 years) than controls (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.60, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.37, 0.96). After further adjustment for number of children, cases were more likely to have ever been exposed to livestock than controls (AOR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.29). Among women, there was an increase in FCD risk associated with 10 or more years of exposure to livestock (AOR = 2.78, 95% CI: 1.22, 6.33) or 6 or more years of farming (AOR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.23, 3.25; also adjusted for number of children). Similar findings were not evident among men. Thus, farming and exposure to livestock may be important factors in the development of FCD among women, with this finding further revealed after the confounding effect of parity or number of children is considered.
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AJE Vol.177, No.9
Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2013
Indeks Artikel Jurnal-Majalah Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Tyas Natasya Citrawati; Pembimbing: Jaslis Ilyas; Penguji: Ascobat Gani, Puput Oktamianti, Ari Setyaningrum dan Sigit Wibowo
Abstrak:
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Ketidakhadiran ASN yang cukup tinggi dapat berdampak kepada produktivitas dari ASN itu sendiri. Hal tersebut justru bertolak belakang dengan tujuan dari implementasi GERMAS yang dicanangkan oleh pemerintah. Melihat dari data tingkat kebugaran kardiorespirasi dan tingkat ketidakhadiran ASN, peneliti tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian mengenai hubungan antara tingkat kebugaran jasmani terutama kardiorespirasi dan faktor confounding dengan cuti sakit di Kementerian Kesehatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode case control yang dilakukan pada bulan Januari, Februari, dan Maret 2024. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pengambilan data jenis kelamin, usia, jabatan dan cuti sakit dari data kepegawaian pada E-office. Status gizi dan tingkat kebugaran dari aplikasi Sistem Informasi Kebugaran (SIPGAR). Sedangkan data jarak rumah ke tempat kerja, transportasi, penyakit penyerta, aktivitas fisik dan merokok diambil melalui kuesioner. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara kebugaran kardiorespirasi dengan cuti sakit. Variabel jenis kelamin, jabatan, status gizi, aktivitas fisik, usia dan penyakit penyerta merupakan confounding hubungan kebugaran kardiorespirasi dengan cuti sakit. Berdasarkan aOR=7,83 dengan menggunakan pemodelan akhir didapat bahwa pegawai yang tidak bugar berisiko 7,83 kali untuk tidak hadir karena sakit dibandingkan pegawai yang bugar setelah dikontrol oleh variabel jenis kelamin, jabatan, status gizi, aktivitas fisik, usia dan penyakit penyerta. Penelitian ini menyarankan untuk pembuatan kebijakan untuk pengukuran kebugaran rutin serta merekomendasikan program intervensi kebugaran dan kesehatan di tempat kerja berdasarkan masing-masing kondisi kesehatan perorangan yang hasilnya dapat disebarluaskan untuk mengedukasi masyarakat betapa pentingnya manfaat kebugaran kardiorespirasi selain untuk meningkatkan produktivitas pekerja tetapi seluruh lapisan masyarakat seperti anak sekolah dan lansia. Penelitian dengan ukuran sampel yang lebih besar diperlukan untuk mendukung atau menyangkal hasil tersebut.
High absenteeism among civil servants (ASN) can significantly impact their productivity, which contrasts with the objectives of the GERMAS (Healthy Living Community Movement) initiative promoted by the government. Analyzing data on cardiorespiratory fitness and absenteeism rates among civil servants, this study aims to investigate the relationship between physical fitness, particularly cardiorespiratory fitness, and confounding factors with sick leave at the Ministry of Health. This research employs a case-control method conducted in January, February, and March 2024. Data collection included gender, age, job position, and sick leave information from employee records in the E-office. Nutritional status and fitness levels were sourced from the Fitness Information System (SIPGAR) application. Additional data on the distance from home to work, transportation, comorbidities, physical activity, and smoking were gathered through questionnaires. The study concludes that there is a significant relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and sick leave. Variables such as gender, job position, nutritional status, physical activity, age, and comorbidities act as confounders in the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and sick leave. Based on an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 7.83 from the final model, it was found that employees with poor cardiorespiratory fitness are 7.83 times more likely to take sick leave compared to those with good fitness, after controlling for gender, job position, nutritional status, physical activity, age, and comorbidities. The study recommends policies for regular fitness assessments and workplace fitness and health intervention programs tailored to individual health conditions. The findings should be disseminated to educate the public on the importance of cardiorespiratory fitness, not only to enhance worker productivity but also for all community segments, including school children and the elderly. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to support or refute these findings.
T-6992
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Tyler J. VanderWeele, Yi-An Ko, Bhramar Mukherjee
Abstrak:
We show that, in the presence of uncontrolled environmental confounding, joint tests for the presence of a main genetic effect and gene-environment interaction will be biased if the genetic and environmental factors are correlated, even if there is no effect of either the genetic factor or the environmental factor on the disease. When environmental confounding is ignored, such tests will in fact reject the joint null of no genetic effect with a probability that tends to 1 as the sample size increases. This problem with the joint test vanishes under gene-environment independence, but it still persists if estimating the gene-environment interaction parameter itself is of interest. Uncontrolled environmental confounding will bias estimates of gene-environment interaction parameters even under gene-environment independence, but it will not do so if the unmeasured confounding variable itself does not interact with the genetic factor. Under gene-environment independence, if the interaction parameter without controlling for the environmental confounder is nonzero, then there is gene-environment interaction either between the genetic factor and the environmental factor of interest or between the genetic factor and the unmeasured environmental confounder. We evaluate several recently proposed joint tests in a simulation study and discuss the implications of these results for the conduct of gene-environment interaction studies.
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AJE Vol.178, No.1
Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2013
Indeks Artikel Jurnal-Majalah Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Meirica Rosaline Safitri; Pembimbing: Asri C. Adisasmita; Penguji: Helda, Iram Barida Maisya, Septyana Choirunisa
Abstrak:
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Komplikasi persalinan merupakan salah satu penyumbang morbiditas maternal di Indonesia. Kualitas kunjungan antenatal care (ANC) berperan penting dalam pencegahan komplikasi, namun bukti empiris di tingkat populasi nasional masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kunjungan ANC sesuai standar dengan kejadian komplikasi persalinan di Indonesia menggunakan data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia 2023. Standar K4 didefinisikan sebagai minimal empat kali kunjungan ANC selama kehamilan, sedangkan K6 mengikuti jumlah kunjungan standar enam kali Permenkes 21 Tahun 2021 yang menambahkan pemeriksaan dokter dan ultrasonografi. Kriteria inklusi dalam penelitian ini adalah perempuan usia 10–54 tahun yang memiliki riwayat persalinan tunggal pada periode 1 Januari 2018 sampai 25 September 2023. Kriteria eksklusi adalah ibu yang mengalami keguguran dan responden dengan data yang tidak lengkap pada variabel utama, serta data komplikasi yang tidak valid. Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang dan analisis dilakukan menggunakan uji chi-square untuk bivariat serta regresi Cox constant time untuk multivariat guna memperoleh Prevalence Ratio (PR) dengan interval kepercayaan 95%. Kovariat yang dikontrol meliputi usia ibu, pendidikan, pekerjaan, status ekonomi, lokasi tempat tinggal, klasifikasi wilayah berdasarkan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia, paritas, faktor risiko kehamilan, tempat persalinan, penolong persalinan, metode persalinan, gangguan kehamilan, dan pengetahuan tanda bahaya. Hasil menunjukkan proporsi komplikasi persalinan sebesar 21,9%, dengan cakupan ANC K4 sebesar 45,55% dan ANC K6 sebesar 5,35%. Model akhir menunjukkan bahwa kelompok ANC tidak sesuai standar memiliki risiko komplikasi lebih rendah (aPR = 0,855; 95% CI: 0,819–0,891; p<0,001), dan kelompok tidak ANC lebih rendah daripada kedua kelompok (aPR = 0,327; 95% CI: 0,277–0,387;p<0,001). Ditemukan efek modifikasi oleh gangguan kehamilan dan interaksi ANC dengan gangguan kehamilan. Hasil juga ini menunjukkan adanya confounding by indication, di mana ibu berisiko tinggi lebih cenderung melakukan kunjungan ANC. Mutu ANC secara agregat belum menunjukkan efek protektif konsisten terhadap komplikasi persalinan.
Delivery complications represent one of the leading contributors to maternal morbidity in Indonesia. The quality of antenatal care (ANC) visits plays an essential role in preventing complications; however, empirical evidence at the national population level remains limited. This study aims to analyze the association between standardized ANC visits and delivery complications in Indonesia using data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI). The K4 standard was defined as a minimum of four ANC visits during pregnancy, while K6 followed the Ministry of Health Regulation No. 21 of 2021 requiring six visits including physician examinations and ultrasound assessments. The inclusion criteria were women aged 10–54 years with singleton live births between January 1, 2018 and September 25, 2023. Exclusion criteria included women who experienced miscarriage and respondents with incomplete data on key variables or invalid complication data. This cross-sectional study utilized chi-square tests for bivariate analysis and Cox regression constant time models for multivariate analysis to calculate prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence intervals. Covariates controlled included maternal age, education, employment, socioeconomic status, place of residence, Human Development Index (HDI)-based regional classification, parity, pregnancy risk factors, place of delivery, delivery attendant, delivery method, pregnancy complaints, and danger sign knowledge. The results showed a proportion of delivery complications of 21.9%, with ANC K4 coverage at 45.55% and ANC K6 at 5.35%. The final model indicated that mothers with inadequate ANC had a lower risk of complications (aPR = 0.855; 95% CI: 0.819–0.891; p < 0.001), and those with no ANC had an even lower risk (aPR = 0.327; 95% CI: 0.277–0.387; p < 0.001). An effect modification by pregnancy-related disorders and an interaction between ANC and pregnancy-related disorders were observed. These findings also suggest the presence of confounding by indication, where high-risk mothers are more likely to seek ANC visits. Overall, the aggregate quality of ANC has not shown a consistent protective effect against delivery complications.
T-7309
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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