Ditemukan 7 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query :: Simpan CSV
Kasus difteri yang meningkat setiap tahunnya di Kabupaten Sidoarjo merupakan masalah kesehatan yang serius. Difteri merupakan salah satu penyakit yang dapat dicegah melalui imunisasi namun dalam kurun tiga tahun tidak ada penurunan jumlah kasus. Hanya sedikit rumah sehat di Kabupaten Sidoarjo tahun 2010. Penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian difteri di Kabupaten Sidoarjo dengan desain case control. Dilaksanakan pada bulan April - Juni 2012 dengan menggunakan kuesioner, wawancara, observasi, dan pengukuran. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 124 responden dengan jumlah kasus sebanyak 31 dan jumlah kontrol sebanyak 93. Variabel yang diteliti adalah umur, jenis kelamin, pencahayaan alami, luas ventilasi rumah, kepadatan hunian, dinding rumah, lantai rumah, status imunisasi, status gizi, sumber penularan, mobilitas, pengetahuan, dan sikap ibu. Status gizi dan sikap ibu berhubungan dengan kejadian difteri. Variabel yang paling berpengaruh adalah sikap ibu (p value = 0,062 ; OR = 2,304). Variabel umur, jenis kelamin, pencahayaan alami, luas ventilasi rumah, dinding rumah, lantai rumah, status imunisasi, mobilitas tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian difteri. Disarankan kepada Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Sidoarjo untuk tetap meningkatkan cakupan imunisasi dasar, memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat untuk meningkatkan asupan gizi dan meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang difteri.
The diphtheria cases raised up in Sidoarjo District is a serious health problem. Diphtheria is a preventable disease through immunization, but in the past three years there was no decreasing number of cases. A few healthy home in Sidoarjo District in 2010. This study was to identify the related factors to diphtheria with case control design. It conducted in April - June 2012 by using questionnaire, interviews, observation, and measurement. Total sample was 124 respondents which number of case 31 respondents and number of control 93 respondents. Variables in this study were age, sex, natural lighting, ventilation wide, density residential, house wall, house floor, immunity status, nutritional status, transmission source, mobility, mother`s knowledge, and mother`s attitude. Nutritional status and mother`s attitude had related to diphtheria. The most influential variable was mother`s attitude (p value = 0,062 ; OR = 2,304). Variables age, sex, natural lighting, ventilation wide, house wall, house floor, immunity status, mobility had not relationship to diphtheria. It is suggested that Sidoarjo Health Office to increase basic immunization coverage, to inform the society to improve nutritional intake and to improve knowledge about diphtheria.
Diphtheria is still a serious problem in several countries in the world. although diphtheria vaccination has been routinely carried out since the 70s, there are still reports of diphtheria outbreaks, especially in developing countries. According to WHO, in 2000, 30,000 cases were reported and 3,000 deaths from diphtheria in the world. One effort to control diphtheria is by strengthening the diphtheria surveillance system. Where diphtheria surveillance plays an important role to assess the impact and as an early vigilance system so that the diphtheria prevention can be carried out appropriately and quickly. A good surveillance system is needed to see the development of disease and minimize transmission of disease. For this reason, it is necessary to evaluate the diphtheria surveillance system in the Depok City Service area. This method uses a system approach consisting of input, process, and output. The data sources used are primary and secondary data obtained from in-depth interviews, observations, and document review. This research was conducted at the Depok City Health Office and two Puskesmas in the Depok City Area. Based on the results of the study, it was found that in the implementation of diphtheria surveillance there were several obstacles, namely the lack of health workers for surveillance at the Health Office and high workload at the Puskesmas. In addition, the accuracy and completeness of the reports are still not on time, and a diphtheria surveillance system is needed so that diphtheria surveillance works well.were collected by means of deep interview. The researcher suggests that library should improve the user education program and provide facilities which can help students to be information literate.
Difteri masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Kabupaten Garut terdapat 100 kasus difteri dengan CFR sebesar 17,2%. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan status imunisasi dan riwayat kontak dengan kejadian difteri di Kabupaten Garut tahun 2023–2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mix-method. Penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan desain case control (1:2) dengan matching individu berdasarkan usia dan tempat tinggal. Jumlah responden sebanyak 141 anak (47 kasus dan 94 kontrol) yang dipilih menggunakan teknik total sampling dari data KLB. Analisis kondisional regresi logistik dilakukan untuk menghitung odds ratio (OR) dan 95% Confidence Interval (CI). Pendekatan kualitatif dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan informan terkait menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi. Sebagian besar anak pada kelompok kasus tidak diimunisasi (74,47%) dan memiliki riwayat kontak dengan penderita difteri (76,6%). anak yang tidak diimunisasi dan memiliki riwayat kontak berisiko 9 kali untuk terkena difteri dibandingkan dengan yang imunisasi lengkap (95%CI: 2,67-31,79). Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat hubungan signifikan antara status imunisasi dan kejadian difteri (OR=5,82; 95% CI: 2,17–15,61; p=0,0001) sebelum mengontrol kovariat. Setelah mengontrol kovariat, terdapat hubungan antara status imunisasi dan kejadian difteri (OR=3,08; 95% CI: 1,40–23,79; p=0,008). Hasil kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa faktor sosial-budaya, agama, penolakan imunisasi, serta sistem surveilans yang belum optimal sebelum KLB turut memengaruhi kejadian. Diperlukan peningkatan cakupan imunisasi, edukasi masyarakat, serta penguatan sistem surveilans untuk pencegahan difteri di wilayah berisiko tinggi.
Keywords: difteri, status imunisasi, riwayat kontak, mix-method, Kab. Garut
Health Law Number 36 of 2009 states that every child deserved in basic immunizationaccording the provisions to prevent the occurrence of diseases that can be avoided throughimmunization. The government is also required to provide a complete basic immunizationto every baby and child. In 2017, Depok became outbreak with 12 cases suspectdiphtheria and 1 person died. The city of Depok is an area with high transmission potentialfor communicable diseases due to high population and high mobility. Complete BasicImmunization (IDL) is one of the old immunization policy implemented but has not metthe expected success. Complete Basic Immunization Program is one of the oldimmunization policy programs implemented but has not met the expected success. Theimplementation analysis is intended to see how the implementation of the complete basicimmunization program at the Puskesmas. This research is a qualitative research with in-depth interview technique and related document study which using the policyimplementation theory of Van Meter and Van Horn based on 6 (six) variables. The resultsobtained that the standard and objective have not been fully achieved. Resources areconstrained by incentive indicators that have not been felt optimally in supporting theoptimal implementation of complete basic immunization in Puskesmas. Inter-organizational communication is good. Characteristic of implementing agencies areconstrained by human resource constraints. Disposition of implementors supported, butstill found some implementers who are not orderly. Economic and political conditions aregood, but social condition are not yet supportive. Conclusion found that implementationof complete basic immunization in Depok still has constraints in each variable and needto be done process of fulfillment of less variable. The recommendation of this research isthe success of implementation will be achieved if the improvement of deficiency, bothfrom the side of standard and objective, policy resources, interorganizationalcommunication, characteristic of implementing agencies, disposition of implementors,and social, economy, political condition. Barriers to existing programs can be overcomeby optimizing the Puskesmas's authority as a regional coach.
