Abstrak: Penelitian ini menilai konsekuensi pelepasan bahan kimia dari tangki penyimpanan Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) bertekanan pada PT. LMI. Penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif. Simulasi pelepasan bahan kimia menggunakan piranti lunak ALOHA (Areal Locations of Hazardous Athmospheres) berdasarkan data primer dan sekunder pada operasi normal. ALOHA memberikan hasil dalam berbagai jangkauan jarak dispersi, kebakaran dan ledakan. Setiap jangkauan jarak diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga kategori: merah, oranye dan kuning berdasarkan tingkat keparahan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan sekolah, klinik medis, pabrik, dan rumah-rumah di sekitar PT. LMI menjadi populasi berisiko tinggi terkena dampak pelepasan bahan kimia dari tangki penyimpanan LPG.

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This study assess the consequences of the chemical release from the pressurized Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) storage tank at PT. LMI. This study is kuantitative. Simulation of release using ALOHA (Areal Locations of Hazardous Athmospheres) software based on primary and secondary datas on the normal operation. ALOHA give result in a distance range of dispersion, fire and explosion. Each distance range is classified into three categories: red, orange and yellow based on the level of severity. These study's result is indicate that schools, medical clinic, factories, and homes around PT. LMI being the high-risk population affected by the release of chemicals from the LPG storage tank.

Abstrak: Pengangkutan bahan bakar minyak dengan menggunakan truk tangkimemiliki konsekuensi terhadap insiden kebakaran dan ledakan. Penelitian inimerupakan pemodelan kuantitatif dengan input sekunder yang diaplikasikandalam perangkat lunak ALOHA (Areal Location of Hazardous Atmosphere) padasalah satu jenis hidrokarbon yang menjadi komponen Premium, yaitu Pentana.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jangkauan konsekuensi daridampak dispersi gas, kebakaran, dan ledakan akibat kebocoran tangki padaaktivitas pengangkutan bahan bakar minyak dengan menggunakan truk tangki diSurabaya dan Jakarta. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan jangkauan dankonsekuensi dispersi gas, kebakaran, dan ledakan untuk tiga zona berdasarkanlevel of concern dari setiap skenario yang berisiko terhadap keselamatan umum,keselamatan pekerja, keselamatan lingkungan, dan keselamatan peralatan/instalasi.Kata Kunci : Dispersi gas, kebakaran, ledakan, Pentana, pool fire, BLEVE, VCE

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The transportation of fuel using the tank trucks haved consequences to thefires and explosions incident. This study is a quantitative modeling with input thesecondary data which applied in ALOHA (Areal Location of HazardousAtmosphere) software on one type of hydrocarbon that become Premiumcomponents, namely Pentane. The aims of this study was to determine theconsequences impact range of gas dispersion, fire and explosion due to tankleakage on fuel transportation using the tank truck in Surabaya and Jakarta. Theresults showed that the range and consequences of gas dispersion, fire, andexplosion for the three zones based on the level of concern of each scenario givedrisks to public safety, worker safety, environmental safety, andequipment/installation safety.Keywords: Gas dispersion, fire, explosion, Pentane, pool fire, BLEVE, VCE

Abstrak:

Tesis ini pertama membahas dispersi gas, kebakaran dan ledakan akibat kebocoran tangki propana dan butana serta tabung LPG 3 kg. Bersifat kuantitatif. Disarankan pemilik tangki/penyalur LPG mengestimasikan jarak aman; membuat rencana tanggap darurat; mempersiapkan deteksi dini kebocoran dan maintenance. Pemerintah disarankan lebih teliti memberikan izin mendirikan tangki; melakukan pengawasan operasi tangki penyimpanan, terutama yang berlokasi di sekitar pemukiman penduduk.Kedua, keselamatan penyalur LPG 3 kg di Depok. Bersifat deskriptif. Disarankan penyalur LPG melakukan perbaikan secara bertahap, terutama pelatihan petugas; pemasangan lampu gas proof, alarm keadaan darurat dan gas detector; pembuatan OKD; penyediaan kotak P3K. Pemerintah disarankan mengawasi dan memfasilitasi kebutuhan penyalur.

ABSTRACT

This thesis firstly discuss the gas dispersion, fires, explosions caused by the propane and butane tank and LPG cylinder 3 kg leakage. Quantitatively. Tank owners/LPG distributors are suggested to estimate safe distance; create ERP; prepare for early leakage detection and maintenance. The Government are suggested more thoroughly give set-up tank permission; supervise storage tank operations, especially those located around settlements. Secondly, the safety of LPG 3 kg?sdistributor in Depok. Descriptively. Distributors are suggested to do improvements, especially training; gas proof lamps, emergency alarm and gas detector; emergency organization-making; first aid boxesprovision. The government are advised to oversees and facilitates the distributors?s needs;This thesis firstly discuss the gas dispersion, fires, explosions caused by the propane and butane tank and LPG cylinder 3 kg leakage. Quantitatively. Tank owners/LPG distributors are suggested to estimate safe distance; create ERP; prepare for early leakage detection and maintenance. The Government are suggested more thoroughly give set-up tank permission; supervise storage tank operations, especially those located around settlements. Secondly, the safety of LPG 3 kg?sdistributor in Depok. Descriptively. Distributors are suggested to do improvements, especially training; gas proof lamps, emergency alarm and gas detector; emergency organization-making; first aid boxesprovision. The government are advised to oversees and facilitates the distributors?s needs, This thesis firstly discuss the gas dispersion, fires, explosions caused by the propane and butane tank and LPG cylinder 3 kg leakage. Quantitatively. Tank owners/LPG distributors are suggested to estimate safe distance; create ERP; prepare for early leakage detection and maintenance. The Government are suggested more thoroughly give set-up tank permission; supervise storage tank operations, especially those located around settlements. Secondly, the safety of LPG 3 kg’sdistributor in Depok. Descriptively. Distributors are suggested to do improvements, especially training; gas proof lamps, emergency alarm and gas detector; emergency organization-making; first aid boxesprovision. The government are advised to oversees and facilitates the distributors’s needs]

Abstrak: Seiring dengan perkembangan di dunia industri sejak dimulainya Revolusi Industri,dunia tidak pernah lepas dari penggunaan bahan kimia. Salah satu bahan kimia yangdigunakan adalah Hidrogen Klorida/Asam Klorida (HCl) yang merupakan bahanbaku plastik PVC, bahan pembersih perabotan rumah, memproduksi gelatin, zatadiktif makanan, dan proses penyamakan kulit, maka risiko dari HCl sangat besar. Tak terkecuali terhadap material tangki sebagai tempat menyimpan bahan.Olehkarena itu sangat diperlukan penilaian tingkat risiko pada tahap desain tangki HCl 33% terhadap material tangki dan konsekuensi aspek finansial jika terjadikebocoran pada tangki tersebut.Dalam studi ini digunakan metode Quantitative Risk Analysis API-RBI 581:2008.Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa Nilai Probability of Failure (PoF) yang didapatadalah 3909,24 berada pada kategori 5 (1000 < Df-total ≤10000), konsekuensi biayajika terjadi lubang pada dinding tangki sebesar US$ 8.670.000 berada pada kategoriD dan pada tingkat high risk. Sedangkan konsekuensi biaya jika terjadi lubang pada pelat dasar tangki sebesar US$ 21.500.000.000 berada pada kategori E pada tingkat high risk.Kata kunci: Storage tank, HCl, Quantitative Risk Analysis, API, RBI

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Along with the development of the world's industry and since the beginning of theindustrial revolution, the world is never be separated from the use of chemicals. Oneof the chemicals used is hydrogen chloride/hydrochloric acid which is the rawmaterial of plastic PVC, furniture cleaning materials, to produce gelatin, foodaddictive substances, and the leather tanning process, so the risk of HCL is very large.There is no exception for the tank material as the place to store materials. Therefore,it is very necessary need the level risk assessment in design phase HCl 33% storagetank againts tank material and financial consequences aspects if there is a leak at thetank.In this study, the analysis of the risk assessment used the Quantitative Risk AnalysisMethode API-RBI 581:2008. This study shows that the value of Probability ofFailure (PoF) obtained is 3909,24 and is on category 5 (1000 < Df-total ≤10000), ifthere is a hole in the wall of the tank its cost of consequence is US$ 8.670.000, oncategory D and at the high level risk. While the cost of consequence if there is a holeat the plate of bottom tank is US$ 21.500.000.000 and is on category E and at thehigh risk level.Keywords : Storage tank, Ammonia, dispersion, BREEZE Incident analyst, FaultTree Analysis

Abstrak: Perusahaan minyak dan gas biasanya menggunakan tangki timbun yang berisi bahanmudah terbakar dan berbahaya bagi kesehatan, oleh karena itu risiko untuk terjadinya dispersigas, kebakaran, dan ledakan sangat besar apabila terjadi failure pada tangki timbun.Pemodelan yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui konsekuensi dari peristiwa dispersi gas, kebakaran, dan ledakan akibat kebocoran pada tangki timbun premiumdengan kapasitas 5000 kiloliter di PT Pertamina (Persero) Terminal BBM Panjang, Lampung yang merupakan suatu perusahaan minyak dan gas. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pemodelan kuantitatif. Pemodelan dilakukan menggunakan piranti lunak BREEZE IncidentAnalyst pada tiga jenis hidrokarbon yang menjadi komponen Premium, yaitu heksana,heptana, dan pentana.Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan jangkauan dan konsekuensi dispersi gas, kebakaran,dan ledakan untuk tiga zona berdasarkan level of concern dari setiap skenario. Jangkauan dan konsekuensi dari pemodelan ini akan dianalisis terhadap sistem fire safety dan manajemen tanggap darurat yang ada di PT Pertamina (Persero) Terminal BBM Panjang, Lampung.
Kata kunci : BREEZE Incident Analyst, tangki timbun, Premium, konsekuensi, dispersi gas, kebakaran,kolam api, BLEVE, ledakan.

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Oil and gas industries normally use storage tanks containing flammable materials and hazardous to health, therefore the risk for the occurrence of gas dispersion, fire, andexplosion is very high when the failure happened storage tank. Modeling performed in thisstudy aimed to determine the consequences of the events of gas dispersion, fire and explosiondue to leakage in the Premium storage tank with a capacity of 5000 liters at PT Pertamina(Persero) Terminal BBM Panjang, Lampung which is an oil and gas industry. This research isa quantitative modeling. Modeling done using software BREEZE Incident Analyst at threetypes of hydrocarbons that become Premium components, namely hexane, heptane, andpentane.Results of this research are presented range and consequences of gas dispersion, fire,and explosion for the three zones based on the level of concern of each scenario. The rangeand consequences of this modeling will be analyzed by the system fire safety and emergencymanagement in PT Pertamina (Persero) Terminal BBM Lampung, Lampung.
Keywords:BREEZE Incident Analyst, storage tank, Premium, consequences, gas dispersion, fire, poolfire, BLEVE, explosion

Abstrak: Skripsi ini membahas analisis konsekuensi dispersi gas, kebakaran, danledakan di SPPBE PT Aroma Jaya Sejati Sragen. Skripsi ini merupakan penelitiansemi kuantitatif yang menggunakan data sekunder perusahaan dan observasi langsung kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak ALOHA.Tujuan dari skripsi ini adalah untuk mengetahui jangkauan dan dampak dispersigas, kebakaran, dan ledakan di SPPBE PT Aroma Jaya Sejati Sragen akibat kebocoran tangki penyimpanan LPG yang dibagi menjadi propana dan butana.Hasil dari penelitian didapatkan threat zone dari pemodelan dispersi gas, jet fire, BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion), dan Vapour Cloud Explosion dari propana dan butana. Selain itu dapat diketahui dampak radiasi panas dan tekanan ledakan serta didapatkan safe distance SPPBE PT Aroma Jaya Sejati.
Kata kunci : Analisis Konsekuensi, Threat Zone, SPPBE, Dispersi Gas, kebakaran, ledakan, Jet Fire, BLEVE, Vapour Cloud Explosion

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This study is about consequence analysis of gas dispersion, fire, andexplosion of LPG storage tank in SPPBE PT Aroma Jaya Sejati Sragen. Thisstudy is semi quantitave study using secondary data and field observation then analyze them with ALOHA software. The purpose of this study is to find out theconsequences impact range of gas dispersion, fire and explosion due to leakage ofLPG storage tank which divided into propane and butane gas.The result of this study is threat zone from gas dispersion, jet fire, BLEVE,and Vapour Cloud Explosion modelling. The result can show the heat radiationand explosion pressure and safe distance of SPPBE PT Aroma Jaya Sejati Sragen.
Keywords : Consequence Analysis, Threat Zone, SPPBE, Gas Dispersion, fire,explosion, Jet Fire, BLEVE, Vapour Cloud Explosion

Abstrak: Skripsi ini membahas analisis konsekuensi dispersi gas, kebakaran, dan ledakan pada tangki penyimpanan LPG C – 20 – 01 – A di PT Pertamina (Persero) RU V Balikpapan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak ALOHA untuk menganalisis data primer dan data sekunder. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan jangkauan dan konsekuensi akibat dispersi gas, kebakaran, dan ledakan akibat kebocoran pada tangki LPG C – 20 – 01 – A yang dibagi menjadi gas propana dan butana.Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan jangkauan dan konsekuensi yang terbagi menjadi tiga buah zona, yaitu zona merah, oranye, dan kuning pada pemodelan dispersi gas beracun, jet fire, BLEVE, dan ledakan awan uap sebagai konsekuensi dari kebocoran tangki penyimpanan LPG C – 20 – 01 – A di PT Pertamina (Persero) RU V Balikpapan.

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This study is about consequence analysis of gas dispersion, fire, and explosion of LPG spherical storage tank C – 20 – 01 – A at PT Pertamina (Persero) RU V Balikpapan. This study is a quantitative study using ALOHA software to analyze the primary and secondary data. This study aims to estimate the range and consequences of gas dispersion, fire, and explosion due to leakage at LPG spherical storage tank C – 20 – 01 – A which is divided to propane and butane.The result of this study is the range and consequences which are divided into three threat zones; red zone, orange zone, and yellow zone. This zone is used for toxic gas dispersion, jet fire, BLEVE, and vapor cloud explosion modeling as a consequence due to leakage at LPG spherical storage tank C – 20 – 01 – A at PT Pertamina (Persero) RU V Balikpapan