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Licensia Triani Dameria Simbolon; Pembimbing: Artha Prabawa; Pegnuji: Besral, Zulkarnain Gaffar
Abstrak:
Indonesia adalah negara kepulauan yang berada di Jalur Cincin Api Pasifik (Pacific Ring of Fire). Posisi wilayah Indonesia yang rawan ini menyebabkan terjadinya bencana alam, non alam dan bencana sosial. 1. Penelitian ini tentang bencana erupsi pengungsi Sinabung diperkirakan memberikan pengaruh terhadap status gizi, yaitu proporsi status gizi kurang (KEP) pada anak balita umur 13-60 bulan (27%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan anak balita kelompok umur 0-12 bulan (17%). Berdasarkan kriteria internasional kondisi dengan prevalensi di atas 15% KEP (BB/TB) diklasifikasikan sebagai situasi sangat kritis. 2. Penyebab perubahan status gizi terhadap pengungsi Sinabung kelompok umur balita adalah disebabkan dua variabel yang dapat diprediksi memberikan kontribusi pengaruh bencana erupsi Gunung Sinabung Kabupaten Karo Sumatera Utara terhadap status gizi balita, variabel tersebut adalah diare dan pendidikan ayah. a. Pada variabel tidak diare didapatkan nilai OR = 0.741 yang berarti balita yang memiliki tidak diare memiliki kecenderungan untuk mengalami gizi kurang sebesar 0,7 kali lebih besar dibandingkan balita yang mengalami diare. b. Pada variabel tidak tahu didapatkan nilai OR = 1.330 yang berarti balita yang memiliki tidak tahu memiliki kecenderungan untuk mengalami gizi kurang sebesar 1,3 kali lebih besar dibandingkan balita yang mengalami diare di wilayah pengungsian. c. Pada variabel pendidikan ayah tinggi didapatkan nilai OR = 1.135 yang berarti balita yang memiliki ayah dengan pendidikan tinggi memiliki kecenderungan untuk mengalami gizi kurang sebesar 1,1 kali lebih besar dibandingkan balita yang memiliki ayah dengan pendidikan rendah. d. Pada variabel pendidikan ayah tidak tahu didapatkan nilai OR = 1.835 yang berarti balita yang memiliki ayah dengan pendidikan tidak tahu memiliki kecenderungan untuk mengalami gizi kurang sebesar 1,8 kali lebih besar dibandingkan balita yang memiliki ayah dengan pendidikan rendah di wilayah pengungsian. Beberapa saran dari penulis antara lain; 1. Proporsi status gizi kurang pada balita di pengungsian pasca bencana erupsi Gunung Sinabung tahun 2014 membutuhkan perhatian kita semua dari berbagai kalangan untuk memperhatikan perbaikan gizi di sana. 2. Penanganan penyakit diare pada balita perlu mendapat perhatian untuk segera dicegah agar tidak berakibat pada terjadinya gizi kurang. 3. Perbaikan dan peningkatan pemberian makanan tambahan dengan target semua anak terutama pada umur 13-60 bulan dan pada bayi dan balita laki-laki. 4. Pendampingan kepada ibu yang belum paham dalam hal pola asuh dan pola makan anak berupa pengetahuan dan bantuan makanan pada ibu menyusui dan pengaturan makanan pada bayi dan balitanya. 5. Jumlah anggota keluarga besar lebih diutamakan dan mendapat makanan yang seimbang dan adil bagi tiap anggota keluarga agar tidak mempengaruhi status gizi bayi dan balita yang dimiliki.
Kata kunci: bencana, letusan gunung, Sinabung, gizi, balita
Indonesia is an archipelago located in the Pacific Ring of Fire Line (Pacific Ring of Fire). The position of Indonesia is prone to natural disasters cause, non-natural and social disasters. 1. This research is about the eruption of Sinabung refugees expected to impact the nutritional status, ie the proportion of status malnutrition (PEM) among children aged 13-60 months (27%) higher than children under the age group of 0-12 months (17% ). Based on international criteria above conditions with a prevalence of 15% PEM (W / H) are classified as very critical situation. 2. Causes of change in the nutritional status of refugees Sinabung toddler age group are due to two variables that can be predicted to contribute to the eruption of Mount Sinabung influence the Karo district of North Sumatra to the nutritional status of children, these variables are diarrhea and father's education. a. In no variable values obtained diarrhea OR = 0.741, which means the toddler who had no diarrhea have a tendency to experience malnutrition by 0.7 times more than infants with diarrhea. b. In the variable does not know the value obtained OR = 1.330, which means toddlers who have no idea more likely to have malnutrition at 1.3 times greater than infants who had diarrhea in the evacuation area. c. In higher education variable father got value OR = 1,135 which means that infants whose fathers with higher education have a tendency to experience malnutrition is 1.1 times greater than toddlers whose fathers with low education. d. In the education variable father does not know the value obtained OR = 1,835 which means a toddler who had a father with education do not know have a tendency to experience malnutrition was 1.8 times greater than toddlers whose fathers with low education in a refugee. Some suggestions from the author, among others; 1. The proportion of under nutrition in infants in refugee camps after the eruption of Mount Sinabung in 2014 requires all of our attention from various circles to pay attention to nutrition there. 2. Handling of diarrheal disease in children under five need attention to be prevented so as not to result in the occurrence of malnutrition. 3. Repairs and upgrades with targeted supplementary feeding all the children, especially at age 13-60 months and infant and young men. 4. Assistance to mothers who do not understand in terms of parenting and child's diet in the form of knowledge and of food aid in breastfeeding mothers and arrangement of food in infants and toddlers. 5. The number of extended family members are preferred and got food balanced and fair to all members of the family so as not to affect the nutritional status of infants and toddlers owned.
Keywords: disaster, eruption, Sinabung, nutrition, toddler
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Kata kunci: bencana, letusan gunung, Sinabung, gizi, balita
Indonesia is an archipelago located in the Pacific Ring of Fire Line (Pacific Ring of Fire). The position of Indonesia is prone to natural disasters cause, non-natural and social disasters. 1. This research is about the eruption of Sinabung refugees expected to impact the nutritional status, ie the proportion of status malnutrition (PEM) among children aged 13-60 months (27%) higher than children under the age group of 0-12 months (17% ). Based on international criteria above conditions with a prevalence of 15% PEM (W / H) are classified as very critical situation. 2. Causes of change in the nutritional status of refugees Sinabung toddler age group are due to two variables that can be predicted to contribute to the eruption of Mount Sinabung influence the Karo district of North Sumatra to the nutritional status of children, these variables are diarrhea and father's education. a. In no variable values obtained diarrhea OR = 0.741, which means the toddler who had no diarrhea have a tendency to experience malnutrition by 0.7 times more than infants with diarrhea. b. In the variable does not know the value obtained OR = 1.330, which means toddlers who have no idea more likely to have malnutrition at 1.3 times greater than infants who had diarrhea in the evacuation area. c. In higher education variable father got value OR = 1,135 which means that infants whose fathers with higher education have a tendency to experience malnutrition is 1.1 times greater than toddlers whose fathers with low education. d. In the education variable father does not know the value obtained OR = 1,835 which means a toddler who had a father with education do not know have a tendency to experience malnutrition was 1.8 times greater than toddlers whose fathers with low education in a refugee. Some suggestions from the author, among others; 1. The proportion of under nutrition in infants in refugee camps after the eruption of Mount Sinabung in 2014 requires all of our attention from various circles to pay attention to nutrition there. 2. Handling of diarrheal disease in children under five need attention to be prevented so as not to result in the occurrence of malnutrition. 3. Repairs and upgrades with targeted supplementary feeding all the children, especially at age 13-60 months and infant and young men. 4. Assistance to mothers who do not understand in terms of parenting and child's diet in the form of knowledge and of food aid in breastfeeding mothers and arrangement of food in infants and toddlers. 5. The number of extended family members are preferred and got food balanced and fair to all members of the family so as not to affect the nutritional status of infants and toddlers owned.
Keywords: disaster, eruption, Sinabung, nutrition, toddler
S-9301
Depok : FKM UI, 2017
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Ajeng Tias Endarti; Promotor: Sudarto Ronoatmodjo; KoPromotor: Mondastri Korib Sudaryo, Isbandi Rukminto Adi; Penguji: Guritnaningsih, Syahrizal Syarif, Evi Martha, Sutopo Purwo Nugroho
Abstrak:
Upaya meminimalisir penurunan kualitas hidup pada populasi rawan bencana dapat dilakukan dengan peningkatan ketangguhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ketangguhan pada tingkat individu, keluarga dan komunitas dengan kualitas hidup individu di daerah rawan bencana pascaerupsi Gunungapi Kelud 2014. Pendekatan studi yang digunakan adalah mixed method dengan strategi eksplanatoris sekuensial dengan penekanan pada studi kuantitatif. Pada pendekatan kuantitatif, peneliti menggunakan desain hybrid cross sectional ecology pada 252 responden terpilih yang berada di wilayah rawan bencana. Sedangkan untuk studi kualitatif menggunakan metode FGD pada 5 kelompok dan wawancara mendalam kepada 12 informan. Sebanyak 13,1% responden memiliki kualitas hidup yang buruk. 40% responden merupakan individu yang tangguh, 40% individu tinggal di keluarga yang tangguh dan sebanyak 79,4% individu berada di komunitas yang tangguh. Secara komposit, ketangguhan individu, keluarga dan komunitas tidak berhubungan dengan kualitas hidup. Namun komponen ketangguhan pada tingkat individu (umur dan pekerjaan) dan komunitas (kapital sosial dan SOP bencana) menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna dengan kualitas hidup. Variabel tingkat komunitas dapat menjelaskan variasi risiko kualitas hidup buruk sebesar 56,33%. Hasil analisis kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa karakter kapital sosial yang kuat pada populasi ini adalah bonding dan bridging, sedangkan untuk karakter linking masih perlu ditingkatkan. Variabel umur, pekerjaan dan SOP terintegrasi dalam suatu dinamika kapital sosial di masyarakat untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup, yang disebut dengan model model peningkatan kualitas hidup melalui peningkatan ketangguhan komunitas. Dengan demikian dapat direkomendasikan bahwa peningkatan kualitas hidup dapat dilakukan dengan penguatan kapital sosial.
Decreased of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among disaster prone population could be minimized by increased of resilience. The study was intended to determine the effect of individual, family and community resilience to HRQoL within disaster prone area post Kelud Volcano eruption 2014. Mixed method approach was used with the sequential explanatory strategy that weighted into quantitative study. In the quantitative approach, hybrid cross sectional ecology design was employed to 252 selected respondents. Qualitatively approach, FGD and In-depth Interview methods were employed to 5 groups and 12 informants. Poor quality of life status was reported by 13,1% respondents. Individual resilience was about 40% of respondents. Around 40% and 79,4% of respondents living in a resilient family and community, respectively. Composite variables of each individual, family and community resilience were not significantly associated with individual HRQoL. However, components of both individual resilience (age and occupation) and community resilience (capital social and SOP) were found having significant association with HRQoL. Community level was able to explain risk variation of poor HRQoL about 56,3%. Qualitative study revealed that the character of a strong social capital in this population was bonding and bridging, while character of linking still need to be improved. Age, occupation and SOP were integrated into a community dynamics of social capital in improving HRQOL, called as the model of HRQoL improvement through increased of community resilience. It was therefore recommended that the improvement of HRQoL within disaster prone community can be implemented along with the strengthening of social capital.
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Decreased of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among disaster prone population could be minimized by increased of resilience. The study was intended to determine the effect of individual, family and community resilience to HRQoL within disaster prone area post Kelud Volcano eruption 2014.
D-355
Depok : FKM-UI, 2016
S3 - Disertasi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Firda Vanesa Kusumadewi; Pembimbing: Mondastri Korib Sudaryo; Penguji: Yovsyah, Yulius Warta Kusuma
Abstrak:
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Erupsi gunung berapi merupakan salah satu bencana yang sering terjadi di Indonesia, Gunung Semeru adalah salah satu gunung yang cukup aktif erupsi. Erupsi menyebabkan perubahan pada lingkungan, iklim mikro, dan kualitas udara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara variasi iklim terhadap kejadian ISPA di Kabupaten Malang dan Lumajang yang terdampak erupsi Gunung Semeru pada 4 Desember 2022. Data yang digunakan adalah data observasi iklim dan kualitas udara milik BMKG dan data ISPA milik dinas kesehatan selama Agustus 2022 - Maret 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi ekologi dengan uji korelasi sebagai metode analisisnya. Proporsi ISPA tertinggi berada di Kecamatan Pronojiwo (5,1%), sedangkan untuk jumlah kasus ISPA tertinggi berada di Kecamatan Dampit (3.005). Seluruh variabel dalam penelitian tidak menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik dengan kejadian ISPA (p-value > 0,005). Namun, koefisien korelasi menunjukkan adanya korelasi yang lemah hingga sedang: suhu udara rata-rata (r = 0,155), suhu minimum (r = -0,038), DTR (r = -0,046), suhu maksimum (r = -0,315), curah hujan (r = -0,024), kelembaban relatif (r = -0,188), lama penyinaran matahari (r = 0,186), dan konsentrasi PM2,5 (r = 0,192). Potensi korelasi antara variabel iklim dan kualitas udara dengan kejadian ISPA dapat menjadi pertimbangan untuk penelitian selanjutnya.
Volcanic eruptions are a frequent natural disaster in Indonesia, with Mount Semeru being one of the most active volcanoes. Eruptions induce changes in the environment, microclimate, and air quality. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between climate variations and the incidence of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) in Malang and Lumajang Regencies, areas affected by the Mount Semeru eruption on December 4, 2022. Observational data on climate and air quality from the BMKG (Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics) and ARI incidence data from local health departments, spanning August 2022 to March 2023, were utilized. This ecological study employed correlation analysis as its methodological approach. The highest proportion of ARI was observed in Pronojiwo District (5.1%), while the highest number of ARI cases was recorded in Dampit District (3,005 cases). All variables in the study did not demonstrate a statistically significant relationship with ARI incidence (p-value > 0.05). However, the correlation coefficients indicated weak to moderate correlations: mean air temperature (r = 0.155), minimum temperature (r = -0.038), Diurnal Temperature Range (DTR) (r = -0.046), maximum temperature (r = -0.315), rainfall (r = -0.024), relative humidity (r = -0.188), duration of sunshine (r = 0.186), and PM2.5 concentration (r = 0.192). The potential correlation between climate and air quality variables and ARI incidence warrants consideration for future research.
Volcanic eruptions are a frequent natural disaster in Indonesia, with Mount Semeru being one of the most active volcanoes. Eruptions induce changes in the environment, microclimate, and air quality. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between climate variations and the incidence of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) in Malang and Lumajang Regencies, areas affected by the Mount Semeru eruption on December 4, 2022. Observational data on climate and air quality from the BMKG (Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics) and ARI incidence data from local health departments, spanning August 2022 to March 2023, were utilized. This ecological study employed correlation analysis as its methodological approach. The highest proportion of ARI was observed in Pronojiwo District (5.1%), while the highest number of ARI cases was recorded in Dampit District (3,005 cases). All variables in the study did not demonstrate a statistically significant relationship with ARI incidence (p-value > 0.05). However, the correlation coefficients indicated weak to moderate correlations: mean air temperature (r = 0.155), minimum temperature (r = -0.038), Diurnal Temperature Range (DTR) (r = -0.046), maximum temperature (r = -0.315), rainfall (r = -0.024), relative humidity (r = -0.188), duration of sunshine (r = 0.186), and PM2.5 concentration (r = 0.192). The potential correlation between climate and air quality variables and ARI incidence warrants consideration for future research.
S-12021
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Sri Novita Lubis; Promotor: Sudarto Ronoatmodjo; Kopromotor: Besral, Evi Martha; Penguji: Mondastri Korib Sudaryo, Ratna Djuwita, Isbandi Rukminto Adi, R. Kintoko Rochadi, Soewarta Kosen, Ajeng Tias Endarti
Abstrak:
Erupsi gunung berapi berdampak pada kualitas hidup kesehatan pada masyarakat yang tinggal di daerah bencana, khususnya remaja. Modal sosial merupakan sumber daya potensial dalam meningkatkan kualitas hidup kesehatan remaja. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan modal sosial dengan kualitas hidup kesehatan pada remaja yang terdampak bencana erupsi Gunung Sinabung Kabupaten Karo Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian mixed methods dengan embedded sequential design dimana penelitian kualitatif (tahap 1) memberikan peran pendukung sekunder dalam penelitian utama kuantitatif (tahap 2) yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan penelitian kualitatif (tahap 3) untuk menjelaskan temuan-temuan pada penelitian kuantitatif. Penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan desain cross sectional. Kualitas hidup kesehatan diukur menggunakan kuesioner Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryTM (PedsQLTM) versi 4.0 pada 318 responden berusia 10-18 tahun dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan Regresi Cox. Penelitian kualitatif dengan desain Rapid Assessment Procedure (RAP). Pengumpulan data kualitatif dengan observasi, diskusi kelompok terarah (DKT) dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian diperoleh proporsi kualitas hidup kesehatan yang buruk sebesar 45,4%. Proporsi remaja dengan modal sosial individu yang rendah sebesar 69,4% dan modal sosial komunitas yang rendah sebesar 47,4%. Modal sosial individu berhubungan dengan kualitas hidup kesehatan (PR = 2,224; 95% CI 1,424-2,473), sedangkan modal sosial komunitas bukan faktor risiko terhadap kualitas hidup kesehatan (PR = 1,017; 95% CI 0,601-1,721). Temuan kuantitatif ini didukung oleh temuan kualitatif bahwa modal sosial pada level individu yang berperan pada kualitas hidup kesehatan yang buruk pada remaja meliputi belum terpenuhinya rasa aman dari erupsi Gunung Sinabung pada remaja yang tidak di relokasi dan remaja membutuhkan rasa aman dari tindak kejahatan; pengalaman yang kurang menyenangkan selama tinggal di pengungsian sementara; kurang akrabnya hubungan sesama anggota masyarakat semenjak tinggal di relokasi; partisipasi remaja rendah dalam organisasi karena rendahnya aksesibilitas transportasi; dan kewajiban yang menjadi beban bagi remaja terutama remaja yang tidak di relokasi. Meskipun modal sosial komunitas bukan faktor risiko kualitas hidup kesehatan remaja, namun secara kualitatif memiliki peran bagi kualitas hidup kesehatan remaja seperti orang tua memanfaatkan keanggotaan dalam organisasi ekonomi untuk biaya pendidikan remaja dan pemanfaatan ruang publik seperti lapangan olahraga dan jambur oleh remaja di relokasi pemerintah yang memberikan kesempatan kepada remaja untuk berinteraksi sosial dengan teman sebayanya dan masyarakat sekitar. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian ini, hendaknya pemerintah daerah dapat memanfaatkan dan melakukan penguatan modal sosial baik pada level individu dan komunitas untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup kesehatan remaja yang terdampak bencana dengan mempertimbangkan jenis relokasi dan kelompok umur.
Volcanic eruptions impact the health and quality of life of people living in disaster areas, especially adolescents. Social capital is a potential resource for improving adolescents’s health-related quality of life. This study aimed to determine the relationship between social capital and health-related quality of life among adolescents affected by the eruption of Mount Sinabung, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province. This study is a mixed-methods study with an embedded sequential design. A qualitative study (phase 1) provides a secondary supporting role in the main quantitative study (phase 2), which is then followed by a qualitative study (phase 3) to explain the findings in the main quantitative research. Quantitative research using a cross-sectional design. Health-related quality of life was measured using the Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryTM (PedsQLTM) version 4.0 questionnaire on 318 respondents aged 10-18 years using a simple random sampling technique. Quantitative data were analyzed using Cox Regression. Qualitative approach using a Rapid Assessment Procedure (RAP) design. Qualitative data were collected through observation, focus group discussions (FGDs), and in-depth interviews. The results showed that the proportion of poor health-related quality of life was 45.4%. The proportion of adolescents with low individual social capital was 69.4% and low community social capital was 47.4%. Individual social capital was associated with health-related quality of life (PR = 2,224; 95% CI 1,424-2,473), while community social capital was not a risk factor for adolescents' health-related quality of life (PR = 1,017; 95% CI 0,601-1,721). This quantitative finding is supported by the qualitative finding that individual-level social capital that contributes to poor quality of life in adolescents includes the unfulfilled sense of security from the eruption of Mount Sinabung in adolescents who are not relocated and adolescents need a sense of protection from crime; unpleasant experiences while living in temporary refugee camps; lack of familiarity with fellow community members since living in relocation; low participation of adolescents in organizations due to low transportation accessibility; and obligations that become a burden for adolescents, especially adolescents who are not relocated. Although community social capital is not a risk factor for adolescents' health quality of life, it qualitatively plays a role in adolescents' health quality of life, such as adolescents' parents utilizing membership in economic organizations for adolescents' education expenses and the use of public spaces such as sports fields and jambur by adolescents in government relocations that provide opportunities for adolescents to interact socially with their peers and the surrounding community. Based on this study's findings, local governments should be able to utilize and strengthen social capital at both the individual and community levels to improve the quality of life of disaster-affected adolescent health by considering the type of relocation and age group.
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Volcanic eruptions impact the health and quality of life of people living in disaster areas, especially adolescents. Social capital is a potential resource for improving adolescents’s health-related quality of life. This study aimed to determine the relationship between social capital and health-related quality of life among adolescents affected by the eruption of Mount Sinabung, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province. This study is a mixed-methods study with an embedded sequential design. A qualitative study (phase 1) provides a secondary supporting role in the main quantitative study (phase 2), which is then followed by a qualitative study (phase 3) to explain the findings in the main quantitative research. Quantitative research using a cross-sectional design. Health-related quality of life was measured using the Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryTM (PedsQLTM) version 4.0 questionnaire on 318 respondents aged 10-18 years using a simple random sampling technique. Quantitative data were analyzed using Cox Regression. Qualitative approach using a Rapid Assessment Procedure (RAP) design. Qualitative data were collected through observation, focus group discussions (FGDs), and in-depth interviews. The results showed that the proportion of poor health-related quality of life was 45.4%. The proportion of adolescents with low individual social capital was 69.4% and low community social capital was 47.4%. Individual social capital was associated with health-related quality of life (PR = 2,224; 95% CI 1,424-2,473), while community social capital was not a risk factor for adolescents' health-related quality of life (PR = 1,017; 95% CI 0,601-1,721). This quantitative finding is supported by the qualitative finding that individual-level social capital that contributes to poor quality of life in adolescents includes the unfulfilled sense of security from the eruption of Mount Sinabung in adolescents who are not relocated and adolescents need a sense of protection from crime; unpleasant experiences while living in temporary refugee camps; lack of familiarity with fellow community members since living in relocation; low participation of adolescents in organizations due to low transportation accessibility; and obligations that become a burden for adolescents, especially adolescents who are not relocated. Although community social capital is not a risk factor for adolescents' health quality of life, it qualitatively plays a role in adolescents' health quality of life, such as adolescents' parents utilizing membership in economic organizations for adolescents' education expenses and the use of public spaces such as sports fields and jambur by adolescents in government relocations that provide opportunities for adolescents to interact socially with their peers and the surrounding community. Based on this study's findings, local governments should be able to utilize and strengthen social capital at both the individual and community levels to improve the quality of life of disaster-affected adolescent health by considering the type of relocation and age group.
D-556
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S3 - Disertasi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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