Abstrak: Due to particular conditions, sometimes actual height can not be measured. Thus, this study was conducted to develop height prediction model of adolescent from knee height and ulna length. This cross sectional study involved 205 students of SMPN 7 Depok and SMAN 6 Depok. Subjects’s identity was recorded using questionairre, while stature height, knee height, and ulna length was measured directly. Prediction models was developed using multiple regression. Height prediction model from knee height has the highest R2 and the lowest MAE with equation Height (cm) = 38,422 - 1,878 Sex + 1,453 Age (year) + 2,071 knee height (cm).

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Tinggi badan aktual terkadang tidak dapat diukur karena beberapa kondisi tertentu. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan model prediksi tinggi badan pada remaja berdasarkan tinggi lutut dan panjang ulna. Penelitian pontong lintang ini melibatkan 205 murid SMPN 7 Depok dan SMAN 6 Depok. Data identitas subjek diperoleh melalui pengisian kuesioner, sedangkan tinggi badan, tingi lutut, dan panjang ulna diukur langsung. Model prediksi dikembangkan menggunakan regresi ganda. Model prediksi tinggi badan dari tinggi lutut memiliki R2 terbesar dan MAE terkecil dengan persamaan Tinggi Badan (cm) = 38,422 - 1,878 Jenis Kelamin + 1,453 Umur (thn) + 2,071 Tinggi Lutut (cm).

Abstrak: In the present study, we evaluated whether childhood differences in body height between singletons and twins persist into adulthood. Data from the Medical Birth Register of Norway were linked with data from the Norwegian National Conscript Service. This study used data on the 457,999 males who were born alive and without physical anomalies in single or twin births in Norway during 1967-1984 and who were examined at the mandatory military conscription (age 18-20 years; 1985-2003). For sibling comparisons, the authors selected the 1,721 sibships of full brothers that included at least 1 male born in a single birth and at least 1 male born in a twin birth (4,520 persons, including 2,493 twins and 2,027 singletons). An analysis of the total study population using generalized estimating equations showed that the twins were 0.6 cm (95% confidence interval: 0.4, 0.7) shorter than were the singletons after adjustment for a series of background factors. The fixed-effects regression analysis of the sibships that included both twins and singletons showed that the twins were 0.9 cm (95% confidence interval: 0.6, 1.2) shorter than were their singleton brothers. The study suggests that male twins born in Norway during 1967-1984 were slightly shorter in early adulthood than were singletons.

Abstrak: Proporsi jumlah penduduk usia tua di Indonesia semakin meningkat. Hal ini menggambarkan bahwa usia harapan hidup masyarakat juga meningkat. Salah satu upaya untuk menilai status gizi dari lansia dapat dilihat dari Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) yaitu berat badan dan tinggi badan. Namun, pengukuran tinggi badan tegak pada lansia tidak dapat dilakukan karena skoliosis, kifosis, cacat, dan patah tulang. Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk memperoleh model prediksi tinggi badan pada pra lansia (45-59 tahun) dan lansia (60-90 tahun) berdasarkan panjang depa, tinggi lutut, usia, dan jenis kelamin. Studi ini dilakukan pada 202 (90 orang laki-laki dan 112 orang perempuan) pra lansia dan lansia, di Kecamatan Bojongsari, Kota Depok, Jawa Barat.Studi menggunakan desain cross sectional. Kriteria inklusi responden adalah laki-laki maupun perempuan dengan usia 45-90 tahun, memiliki kondisi tubuh yang sehat atau masih mampu berdiri tegak, serta dapat berkomunikasi dengan baik. Kriteria eksklusi responden adalah lansia yang memiliki salah satu tangan tidak dapat direntangkan karena patah tulang atau sebab tertentu, mengalami patah tulang/kaki palsu, dan gangguan komunikasi.Hasil dari studi ini menunjukkan bahwa korelasi panjang depa dengan tinggi badan pada laki-laki r = 0,86 perempuan r = 0,71. Korelasi tinggi lutut dengan tinggi badan pada laki-laki r = 0,79 perempuan r = 0,72. Model prediksi tinggi badan dapat dilakukan dengan prediktor panjang depa, tinggi lutut, dan usia. Model prediksi ini dapat diaplikasikan pada pasien yang diamputasi atau gangguan patah tulang.

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Proportion of elderly in Indonesia increases. This situation describe that the life expectation have also increased. A tools to assess the nutritional status of the elderly can be seen from the Body Mass Index (BMI) from weight and height. However, measurement of height in elderly can nott be obtained because scholiosis, khifosis, deformity, of fracture. The purpose of this study was to obtain the height prediction model in middle-age (45-59 years) and elderly (60-90 years) based on arm span, knee height, age, and gender. The study was conducted on 202 (90 men and 112 women) middle-age and elderly, in Bojongsari District, Depok, West Java.This study use cross-sectional design. Inclusion criteria for the respondents were men and women aged 45-90 years, having a healthy body condition or still able to stand upright, and can communicate well. Exclusion criteria were elderly respondents who had one hand can not be stretched because of fracture or a particular cause, suffered a rosthetic limbs, and discommunication.Results of this study indicate that the correlation arm span to height for men women r = 0.86 r = 0.71. Knee hight correlation with height in men women r = 0.79 r = 0.72. The new height prediction models can formed using arm span, knee height, and age. The predictive models can be applied to patients who amputated or fracture.

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Abstrak: In this prospective cohort study, based on 1,505 mother-infant pairs in rural Bangladesh, we evaluated the associations between early-life exposure to arsenic, cadmium, and lead, assessed via concentrations in maternal and child urine, and children's weights and heights up to age 5 years, during the period 2001-2009. Concurrent and prenatal exposures were evaluated using linear regression analysis, while longitudinal exposure was assessed using mixed-effects linear regression. An inverse association was found between children's weight and height, age-adjusted z scores, and growth velocity at age 5 years and concurrent exposure to cadmium and arsenic. In the longitudinal analysis, multivariable-adjusted attributable differences in children's weight at age 5 years were -0.33 kg (95% confidence interval (CI): -0.60, -0.06) for high (≥ 95th percentile) arsenic exposure and -0.57 kg (95% CI: -0.88, -0.26) for high cadmium exposure, in comparison with children with the lowest exposure (≤ 5th percentile). Multivariable-adjusted attributable differences in height were -0.50 cm (95% CI: -1.20, 0.21) for high arsenic exposure and -1.6 cm (95% CI: -2.4, -0.77) for high cadmium exposure. The associations were apparent primarily among girls. The negative effects on children's growth at age 5 years attributable to arsenic and cadmium were of similar magnitude to the difference between girls and boys in terms of weight (-0.67 kg, 95% CI: -0.82, -0.53) and height (-1.3 cm, 95% CI: -1.7, -0.89).

Abstrak: Pendahuluan.Pencegahan dan pengendalian hiperlipoproteinemia tipe LDLsangatpenting untuk mencegah terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskuler. Pemeriksaanlaboratorium dari serum darah menjadi baku emas penegakan diagnosishiperlipoproteinemia tipe LDL, namun harganya yang mahal dan tidak tersedia disemua layanan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan indikatorrasio lingkar pinggang terhadap tinggi badan (LP/TB) sebagai alat untuk deteksidini hiperlipoproteinemia tipe LDL di Indonesia.Metode.Penelitian ini menggunakan data Riskesdas 2013 dengan desain potonglintang. Subyek penelitian adalah seluruh penduduk Indonesia yang berusia 15tahun ke atas. Subyek dengan riwayat penyakit jantung koroner, stroke, hipertiroid,sedang hamil, atau menggunakan kontrasepsi oral diekslusi. Total subyek penelitiansebanyak 29.536 orang. Variabel independen adalah rasio LP/TB, usia, jeniskelamin, adanya hipertensi, diabetes mellitus tipe 2, aktivitas fisik, pola diet,kebiasaan merokok, dan stress. Variabel dependen adalah ada tidaknyahiperlipoproteinemia tipe LDL (LDL ≥100 mg/dl).Hasil. Prevalensi hiperlipoproteinemia tipe LDLdi Indonesia sebesar 73,48%. Darianalisis ROC didapatkan area under curve (AUC) rasio LP/TB untukmengidentifikasi hiperlipoproteinemia tipe LDLsebesar 0,6355. Titik potong rasioLP/TB sebesar 0,45 pada laki-laki dan 0,49 pada perempuan menghasilkansensitivitas sebesar 70,15%. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara AUC rasioLP/TB dengan AUC indeks massa tubuh (IMT) dan lingkar pinggang. Namundengan menggunakan titik potong standar di Indonesia, sensitivitas IMT danlingkar pinggang lebih rendah untuk mendiagnosis hiperlipoproteinemia tipe LDL(sensitivitas IMT: 31,27%, sensitivitas lingkar pinggang 30,16%). Variabel yangmenjadi faktor risiko hiperlipoproteinemia tipe LDL adalah usia (POR: 1,03; 95%CI 1,030-1,034), wanita (POR: 1,12; 95% CI 1,05-1,19), hipertensi (OR: 1,34%95% CI 1,12-1,59), dan diabetes mellitus tipe 2 (POR:1,75; 95% CI 1,37-2,23).Faktor protektif hiperlipoproteinemia tipe LDL menurut indikator rasioLP/TB adalah stress psikis (POR: 0,88, 95%CI: 0,08-0,98).Kesimpulan. Rasio LP/TB ≥0,45 pada laki-laki dan ≥0,49 pada perempuan dapatdigunakan untuk menjadi alat deteksi dini hiperlipoproteinemia tipe LDLdengansensitivitas yang baik. Usia, wanita, diabetes mellitus tipe 2, dan hipertensimerupakan faktor risiko hiperlipoproteinemia tipe LDL.Kata kunci: rasio lingkar pinggang terhadap tinggi badan, LDL, sensitivitas,deteksi dini.