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Labor complications are a primary cause of maternal mortality in Indonesia and are influenced by various factors. Maternal age is a known risk factor, yet the specific factors for each age group require distinct analysis to inform targeted interventions. This study aims to determine the overview and risk factors for labor complications based on maternal age groups in Indonesia. This study utilized a cross-sectional design, analyzing secondary data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI). The sample consisted of 70,681 mothers who met the inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-Square test. The study found differences in the proportion of childbirth complications in Indonesia across young (15.1%), ideal (16.9%), and older (19.2%) age groups, as well as differences in factors associated with complications in each age group. The most dominant types of childbirth complications in young and ideal age groups were prolonged labor and premature rupture of membranes, while breech presentation was more common in older age groups. Factors consistently associated with childbirth complications across all three maternal age groups were education level, area of residence, parity, pregnancy planning, history of pregnancy complications, birth attendant, place of delivery, and source of delivery financing. Factors specific to the ideal and older age groups were partner's education level, birth spacing, and history of Antenatal Care (ANC) visits. Factors that were only significantly associated with specific age groups included husband or family support, which only affected the ideal age group, and maternal employment status, which only affected the older age group. Early detection and differentiated risk management tailored to each age group are necessary. targeting specific risk factors, both clinical (e.g., prolonged labor in young age, hypertension in older age) and sociodemographic.
Komplikasi kehamilan adalah masalah kesehatan yang sering terjadi selama hamil dan berdampak pada mortalitas dan morbiditas ibu dan bayi baru lahir. Peneliti tidak menemukan studi di Indonesia yang membahas komplikasi kehamilan secara umum pada kelompok usia <20 tahun dan ≥35 tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara usia ibu saat hamil dengan kejadian komplikasi kehamilan di Indonesia menggunakan data IFLS V 2014/2015. Sampel yang di analisis pada penelitian ini berjumlah 1.325 setelah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Analisis multivariat menggunakan uji multiple cox regression digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh usia ibu yang berisiko dalam menyebabkan komplikasi kehamilan pada populasi ibu yang pernah melahirkan pada tahun 2013-2015. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan analisis pada sub populasi untuk jenis komplikasi tertentu. Hasil studi menunjukkan prevalensi komplikasi kehamilan sebesar 24%. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik. Hasil akhir analisis multivariat, komplikasi kehamilan secara umum pada usia ibu saat hamil <20 tahun (aPR 0,98, 95% CI 0,60–1,57), sedangkan usia ibu saat hamil ≥35 tahun memiliki risiko 1,16 kali mengalami komplikasi kehamilan dibandingkan kelompok usia ibu saat hamil 20-34 tahun setelah dikontrol kovariat (aPR 1,16, 95% CI 0,85–1,57). Terdapat peningkatan risiko pada sub populasi komplikasi kehamilan dan sub populasi komplikasi perdarahan antepartum baik pada usia ibu saat hamil <20 tahun atau ≥35 tahun.
Pregnancy complications are common health issues during pregnancy and impact maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. Author did not find studies in Indonesia that analyze pregnancy complications in general, particularly for maternal age of <20 years and ≥35 years. This study aims to analyze the relationship between maternal age and the occurrence of pregnancy complications in Indonesia using IFLS V data. The samples analyzed in this study was 1,325 after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Multivariate analysis with multiple cox regression was used to determine the effect of maternal age at risk in causing pregnancy complications in a population of mothers who gave birth in 2013-2015. This study also analyzed subpopulations was performed for specific types of complications. The results showed that prevalence of pregnancy complications was 24%. There was no statistically significant relationship. The final results of the multivariate analysis showed that pregnancy complications in general occurred in maternal age <20 years (aPR 0.98, 95% CI 0.60–1.57), while maternal age ≥35 years had a 1.16 times higher risk of experiencing pregnancy complications compared to maternal age 20-34 years after controlling covariates (aPR 1.16, 95% CI 0.85–1.57). There is an increased risk in the subpopulation of pregnancy complications and antepartum hemorrhage among maternal age <20 years or ≥35 years during pregnancy.
