Ditemukan 33 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query :: Simpan CSV
Setia Pranata ... [et al.]
Bulitsiskes Vol.16, No.3
Surabaya : Balitbangkes Depkes RI, 2013
Indeks Artikel Jurnal-Majalah Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Editor: Sander Greenland
614.4 GRE e
Los Angeles : Epidemiology Resources Inc, 19987
Buku (pinjaman 1 minggu) Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Suharsimi Arikunto
001.42 ARI p
Jakarta : Rineka Cipta, 2010
Buku (pinjaman 1 minggu) Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Jos W.R Twisk
610.727TWI a
New York : Cambridge, 2006
Buku (pinjaman 1 minggu) Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Brandon L. Piece, Stephen Burgess
Abstrak:
Mendelian randomization (MR) is a method for estimating the causal relationship between an exposure and an outcome using a genetic factor as an instrumental variable (IV) for the exposure. In the traditional MR setting, data on the IV, exposure, and outcome are available for all participants. However, obtaining complete exposure data may be difficult in some settings, due to high measurement costs or lack of appropriate biospecimens. We used simulated data sets to assess statistical power and bias for MR when exposure data are available for a subset (or an independent set) of participants. We show that obtaining exposure data for a subset of participants is a cost-efficient strategy, often having negligible effects on power in comparison with a traditional complete-data analysis. The size of the subset needed to achieve maximum power depends on IV strength, and maximum power is approximately equal to the power of traditional IV estimators. Weak IVs are shown to lead to bias towards the null when the subsample is small and towards the confounded association when the subset is relatively large. Various approaches for confidence interval calculation are considered. These results have important implications for reducing the costs and increasing the feasibility of MR studies.
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AJE Vol.178, No.7
Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2013
Indeks Artikel Jurnal-Majalah Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Salma Rizkia Kamila; Pembimbing: Trisari Anggondowati; Penguji: Putri Bungsu, Maptuha
Abstrak:
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Indonesia merupakan negara dengan beban penyakit Tuberkulosis terbesar kedua di Dunia dalam kurun waktu 3 tahun terakhir dengan penderitanya didominasi oleh usia pekerja/produktif (15–64 tahun). Kementerian Ketenagkerjaan memberikan respon dengan menginisiasi Program Skrining Mandiri Tuberkulosis di Tempat Kerja guna memperkuat deteksi dini pada pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan distribusi hasil skrining berupa persebaran status terduga dan gambaran faktor risiko individu serta meninjau implementasi program dan mekanisme tindak lanjutnya menggunakan pendekatan studi mixed methods. Komponen kuantitatif menggunakan desain potong lintang memanfaatkan data sekunder Formulir Skrining Mandiri Tuberkulosis 2025 yang dianalisis secara deskriptif disertai analisis lanjutan. Komponen kualitatif dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam kepada pemangku kebijakan dan perwakilan sektor perusahaan menggunakan purposive sampling. Dari 36.115 pekerja yang mengikuti skrining, sebanyak 6.566 (18,2%) terklasifikasi sebagai terduga Tuberkulosis. Penentuan status terduga didasarkan pada gejala klinis yang merujuk pada Tuberkulosis seperti batuk, demam hilang timbul, atau batuk disertai darah. Gejala dominan pada kelompok terduga adalah batuk (64,2%) dan penurunan berat badan (31,1%). Analisis bivariat menunjukkan kemungkinan terduga Tuberkulosis lebih tinggi pada pekerja laki-laki (OR: 1,49; 95% CI: 1,38–1,60), pekerja dengan riwayat Diabetes Mellitus (OR: 4,46; 95% CI: 3,58–5,59), status gizi kurus (OR: 2,61; 95% CI: 2,24–3,05), perokok aktif (OR: 1,81; 95% CI: 1,72–1,91)), serta sektor berisiko tinggi (OR: 1,25; 95% CI: 1,17–1,35) seperti pertambangan penggalian dan konstruksi. Temuan kualitatif mengindikasikan bahwa pelaksanaan program masih menghadapi kendala integrasi lintas sektor, keterbatasan anggaran dan sumber daya, serta kualitas instrumen dan sistem informasi. Studi ini mengindikasikan diperlukan adanya perbaikan dari sisi implementasi guna memaksimalkan hasil skrining serta pelaksanaan program kedepannya.
Indonesia is the world’s second-highest tuberculosis (TB) burden country according to the WHO Global Report 2025, with most patients in the working age population (15–64 years). In response, the Ministry of Manpower initiated a workplace TB self-screening program to strengthen early detection among workers. This study aimed to describe the distribution of screening outcomes, including the prevalence of presumptive TB and individual risk factors, and to assess program implementation also the follow up mechanisms using a mixed-methods approach. The quantitative component employed a cross sectional design using secondary data from the 2025 TB Self-Screening Form, analyzed with univariate statistics and additional analyses. The qualitative component comprised indepth interviews with policymakers and company representatives selected through purposive sampling. Among 36,115 screened workers, 6,566 (18.2%) were classified as presumptive TB. The most common symptoms among presumptive cases were cough (64.2%) and unintentional weight loss (31.1%). Bivariate analysis showed higher odds of presumptive TB among male workers (OR 1.49; 95% CI 1.38–1.60), those with a history of Diabetes Mellitus (OR 4.46; 95% CI 3.58–5.59), underweight workers (OR 2.61; 95% CI 2.24–3.05), current smokers (OR 1.81; 95% CI 1.72–1.91), and workers in high risk sectors (OR 1.25; 95% CI 1.17–1.35). Qualitative findings indicated challenges in cross-sector integration, limited funding and resources, and weaknesses in the screening instrument and information systems, suggesting the need for implementation improvements to optimize screening outcomes and future program phases.
S-12157
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Nancy Potischman, Martha S. Linet
Abstrak:
In this issue of the Journal, Nimptsch et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2013;178(2):172-183) report significant associations between female adolescents' poultry consumption in high school and subsequent reduced risk of colorectal adenomas in adulthood. Consumption of red meat or fish was not related to risk, but replacement with poultry reduced the risk of later adenomas. Most epidemiologic studies of adult diseases lack exposure data from the distant past. By focusing on a cancer precursor lesion and using a variety of methods to assess data quality, the investigators address concerns about the quality of distant recall. These findings add to the growing evidence that links childhood and adolescent lifestyle and environmental exposures with subsequent risk of cancers arising in adulthood. Highlights of the literature on this topic and methodological challenges are summarized. Future studies would benefit from incorporating measures of lifestyle, diet, environmental exposures, and other risk factors from early in life and from validation and other data quality checks of such measurements. Sources of historical data on children's and adolescents' exposures should be sought and evaluated in conjunction with subsequent exposures in relationship to adult-onset cancers.
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AJE Vol.178, No.2
Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2013
Indeks Artikel Jurnal-Majalah Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Annlia Paganini-Hill, Beverly Ducey, Marian Hawk
Abstrak:
Because of difficulties in finding, recruiting, and diagnosing dementia in the oldest old (ages ≥90 years), most incidence studies include few very elderly persons, and little is known about the characteristics of those who refuse participation. In a California longitudinal study of dementia and aging (The 90+ Study, 2003-2011), we compared nonresponders with responders with regard to information collected 20 years earlier and the impression of dementia as determined during telephone recruitment. Of 1,815 eligible subjects, 1,514 (83%) joined the study, 182 refused, and 119 could not be contacted. Responders did not differ from nonresponders by sex or previously collected medical history or lifestyle behaviors. Recruiters' impressions of dementia were similar in responders and nonresponders who refused (35% and 38%), and among responders, impressions of dementia showed high positive predictive value (95%) but low sensitivity (51%) for a diagnosis of dementia made during the study. Although epidemiologic studies among the very old have the potential for significant nonresponse bias due to a high proportion of frail, ill, and cognitively impaired persons, strategies can improve response rates to over 80%. Classifying nonresponders on cognitive ability at recruitment, though crude, will give some idea of the selective bias in dementia prevalence and incidence estimates introduced by nonresponse due to cognitive status.
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AJE Vol.177, No.12
Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2013
Indeks Artikel Jurnal-Majalah Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Stephen R. Cole, David B. Richardson, Haitao Chu, Ashley I. Naimi
Abstrak:
We employed the parametric G formula to analyze lung cancer mortality in a cohort of textile manufacturing workers who were occupationally exposed to asbestos in South Carolina. A total of 3,002 adults with a median age of 24 years at enrollment (58% male, 81% Caucasian) were followed for 117,471 person-years between 1940 and 2001, and 195 lung cancer deaths were observed. Chrysotile asbestos exposure was measured in fiber-years per milliliter of air, and annual occupational exposures were estimated on the basis of detailed work histories. Sixteen percent of person-years involved exposure to asbestos, with a median exposure of 3.30 fiber-years/mL among those exposed. Lung cancer mortality by age 90 years under the observed asbestos exposure was 9.44%. In comparison with observed asbestos exposure, if the facility had operated under the current Occupational Safety and Health Administration asbestos exposure standard of < 0.1 fibers/mL, we estimate that the cohort would have experienced 24% less lung cancer mortality by age 90 years (mortality ratio = 0.76, 95% confidence interval: 0.62, 0.94). A further reduction in asbestos exposure to a standard of < 0.05 fibers/mL was estimated to have resulted in a minimal additional reduction in lung cancer mortality by age 90 years (mortality ratio = 0.75, 95% confidence interval: 0.61, 0.92).
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AJE Vol.177, No.9
Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2013
Indeks Artikel Jurnal-Majalah Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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610.7 SPR r
[s.l.] :
[s.n.] :
s.a.]
Buku (pinjaman 1 minggu) Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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