Keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3) merupakan aspek vital dalam proyek konstruksi jalan tol yang memiliki risiko tinggi dan kompleksitas pekerjaan besar. Meskipun Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan Konstruksi (SMKK) telah diwajibkan melalui Permen PUPR No. 10 Tahun 2021, implementasinya di lapangan masih belum optimal, ditunjukkan oleh tingginya angka kecelakaan kerja pada proyek infrastruktur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor individu berdasarkan Model Green—yang mencakup faktor predisposisi (pengetahuan keselamatan, sikap terhadap keselamatan, kesadaran terhadap bahaya), faktor pemungkin (pelatihan keselamatan, fasilitas dan dukungan keselamatan, penerapan SOP dan kepatuhan), serta faktor penguat (kepemimpinan dan pengawasan K3, pengalaman kerja dan sharing session)—terhadap perilaku aman pekerja dalam implementasi SMKK pada proyek Jalan Tol Trans Sumatera ruas Palembang–Betung. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional, melibatkan 138 responden yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner skala Likert 1–5 dan dianalisis dengan uji korelasi Pearson serta regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan, seluruh faktor individu memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan perilaku aman (F = 4,462; p < 0,001). Namun secara parsial, hanya variabel pelatihan keselamatan yang berpengaruh signifikan (β = 0,373; p < 0,001). Faktor sikap terhadap keselamatan dan kesadaran terhadap bahaya menunjukkan korelasi positif signifikan pada uji korelasi (p < 0,05), tetapi belum cukup kuat dalam regresi parsial. Faktor lain, seperti pengetahuan keselamatan, fasilitas dan dukungan keselamatan, SOP dan kepatuhan, kepemimpinan dan pengawasan K3, serta pengalaman kerja dan sharing session tidak menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan dalam model regresi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa efektivitas implementasi SMKK sangat dipengaruhi oleh pelatihan keselamatan yang efektif, didukung komunikasi dua arah, kepemimpinan yang kuat, serta internalisasi nilai-nilai keselamatan untuk menciptakan budaya kerja yang aman dan berkelanjutan.

Occupational health and safety (OHS) is a vital aspect in toll road construction projects, which involve high risks and complex activities. Although the Construction Safety Management System (SMKK) is mandated by Ministry of Public Works Regulation No. 10 of 2021, its implementation in the field remains suboptimal, as indicated by the high number of occupational accidents in infrastructure projects. This study aimed to analyze the influence of individual factors based on the Green Model—including predisposing factors (safety knowledge, safety attitude, hazard awareness), enabling factors (safety training, safety facilities and support, SOP implementation and compliance), and reinforcing factors (leadership and OHS supervision, work experience and sharing session)—on safe behavior within SMKK implementation in the Trans Sumatera Toll Road Project, Palembang–Betung section. This research used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design involving 138 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a Likert scale (1–5) questionnaire and analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression. The results showed that simultaneously, all individual factors had a significant relationship with safe behavior (F = 4.462; p < 0.001). However, partially, only safety training had a significant effect (β = 0.373; p < 0.001). Safety attitude and hazard awareness showed positive correlations with safe behavior (p < 0.05), but their effects were not strong enough in partial regression analysis. Other factors, such as safety knowledge, safety facilities and support, SOP implementation and compliance, leadership and OHS supervision, and work experience and sharing session did not show significant effects in the regression model. This study concludes that the effectiveness of SMKK implementation is highly influenced by effective safety training, supported by two-way communication, strong leadership, and internalization of safety values to establish a safe and sustainable construction work culture.