Ditemukan 7 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query :: Simpan CSV
Nada Syifa; Pembimbing: Laila Fitria; Penguji: Haryoto Kusnoputranto, Syafran Arrazy
Abstrak:
Pencemaran udara luar ruangan telah menjadi salah satu risiko lingkungan terbesar terhadap kesehatan. Pedagang kaki lima dianggap sebagai populasi yang paling berisiko karena bekerja dalam waktu yang cukup lama dan secara terus-menerus terpapar polusi udara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi risiko kesehatan akibat pajanan agen risiko partikulat yaitu Total Suspended Particulate (TSP), PM10, dan PM2.5 terhadap pedagang kaki lima di Kelurahan Glodok, Jakarta Barat. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL) menggunakan data primer dengan jumlah sampel pedagang kaki lima sebanyak 65 responden. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran, konsentrasi TSP sebesar 43 μg/m3, PM10 sebesar 25 μg/m3, dan PM2.5 sebesar 16 μg/m3. Seluruh konsentrasi partikulat masih di bawah standar baku mutu Indonesia, namun untuk PM2.5 sudah sedikit melebihi standar baku mutu World Health Organization (WHO). Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan menggunakan nilai rata-rata dan nilai tengah, tingkat risiko seluruh pajanan partikulat (TSP, PM10, PM2.5) menunjukkan nilai RQ 1 atau dinyatakan aman. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan setiap responden, terdapat 2 responden berisiko terhadap pajanan PM10 dan PM2.5. Pengelolaan risiko yang dapat dilakukan adalah menurunkan konsentrasi partikulat hingga batas aman, salah satunya dengan mengembangkan substitusi bahan bakar dengan yang lebih ramah lingkungan dan menggunakan sumber tenaga alternatif rendah polusi seperti tenaga listrik.
Outdoor air pollution has become one of the greatest environmental risks to health. Street vendors are considered to be the population at risk because they work long hours and are constantly exposed to air pollution. This study aims to estimate the health risks due to exposure to particulate risk agents, namely Total Suspended Particulate (TSP), PM10, and PM2.5 to street vendors in Glodok Urban Village, West Jakarta. The study used an Environmental Health Risk Analysis (EHRA) approach using primary data with a sample of 65 street vendors. Based on the measurement results, the concentration of TSP was 43 g/m3, PM10 was 25 g/m3, and PM2.5 was 16 g/m3. All particulate concentrations are still below the Indonesian quality standards, but PM2.5 has slightly exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) quality standards. Based on the results of calculations using the average and median values, the risk level of all particulate exposures (TSP, PM10, PM2.5) shows an RQ1 or is declared safe. Based on the calculation results of each respondent, there are 2 respondents at risk of exposure to PM10 and PM2.5. Risk management that can be done is to reduce the concentration of particulates to a safe limit, one of them is by developing fuel substitution with more environmentally friendly and using alternative sources of low-pollution energy such as electric power.
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Outdoor air pollution has become one of the greatest environmental risks to health. Street vendors are considered to be the population at risk because they work long hours and are constantly exposed to air pollution. This study aims to estimate the health risks due to exposure to particulate risk agents, namely Total Suspended Particulate (TSP), PM10, and PM2.5 to street vendors in Glodok Urban Village, West Jakarta. The study used an Environmental Health Risk Analysis (EHRA) approach using primary data with a sample of 65 street vendors. Based on the measurement results, the concentration of TSP was 43 g/m3, PM10 was 25 g/m3, and PM2.5 was 16 g/m3. All particulate concentrations are still below the Indonesian quality standards, but PM2.5 has slightly exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) quality standards. Based on the results of calculations using the average and median values, the risk level of all particulate exposures (TSP, PM10, PM2.5) shows an RQ1 or is declared safe. Based on the calculation results of each respondent, there are 2 respondents at risk of exposure to PM10 and PM2.5. Risk management that can be done is to reduce the concentration of particulates to a safe limit, one of them is by developing fuel substitution with more environmentally friendly and using alternative sources of low-pollution energy such as electric power.
S-11140
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Reva Maya Tika; Pembimbing: Laila Fitria; Penguji: Al Asyary, Syafran Arrazy
Abstrak:
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian CVS pada mahasiswa tahun 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi potong lintang (cross-sectional) dengan populasi mahasiswa S1 Reguler FKM UI angkatan 2018, 2019, dan 2020 dengan jumlah sampel 124 mahasiswa. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner online dengan media gform yang disebarkan pada bulan November 2021. Analisis univariat dilakukan untuk melihat frekuensi distribusi dari masing-masing variabel dan analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji chi-square untuk melihat hubungan secara statistik. Kemudian juga dimunculkan nilai odd ratio untuk melihat nilai kelompok yang memiliki risiko.
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S-10886
Depok : FKM UI, 2021
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Natasha Shafa Amalia; Pembimbing: Budi Haryanto; Penguji: Fitri Kurniasari, Syafran Arrazy
Abstrak:
Latar Belakang: Tuberkulosis (TB) paru adalah penyakit menular kronis yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis dan menjadi penyebab kematian menular nomor satu di dunia. Indonesia menempati peringkat kedua dengan beban TB tertinggi. Kabupaten Bogor menjadi wilayah dengan kasus TB tertinggi di Jawa Barat pada tahun 2023. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara faktor pelayanan kesehatan dan faktor individu terhadap incidence rate tuberkulosis paru di 20 kecamatan di Kabupaten Bogor pada tahun 2023 – 2024. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain studi ekologi dengan sampel 20 kecamatan di Kabupaten Bogor. Menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Bogor dan BPS Kabupaten Bogor. Hasil: Hasil penelitian dengan variabel yang menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan terhadap incidence rate TB paru adalah cakupan pengobatan di Kabupaten Bogor (p = 0,000; r = 978), serta success rate di Kecamatan Leuwiliang (p = 0,004; r = 0,696), Kemang (p = 0,036; r = -0,543), dan Jasinga (p = 0,038; r = -0,540). Tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan pada variabel usia dan proporsi jenis kelamin (p>0,05). Kesimpulan: Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Bogor disarankan untuk mengevaluasi metode penemuan kasus, memperkuat pelaporan TB oleh fasyankes, menyelenggarakan edukasi pentingnya pengobatan tuntas, serta meningkatkan intervensi pada kelompok berisiko.
Introduction: Pulmonary tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is the leading cause of death from infectious diseases worldwide. Indonesia ranks second among countries with the highest TB burden. Bogor Regency had the highest number of TB cases in West Java in 2023. Objective: To determine the correlation between healthcare service factors and individual factors with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in 20 sub-districts of Bogor Regency during 2023 – 2024. Methods: This study employed an ecological study design, with a sample of 20 sub-districts in Bogor Regency. Secondary data were obtained from the Bogor Regency Health Office and the Bogor Regency Central Bureau of Statistics. Results: The variable that showed a significant relationship with the incidence of pulmonary TB were treatment coverage in Bogor Regency (p = 0,000; r = 0,978), as well as treatment success rate in Leuwiliang sub-district (p = 0,004; r = 0,696), Kemang (p = 0,036; r = -0,543), and Jasinga (p = 0,038; r = -0,540). There was no significant correlation between the incidence rate and age or gender proportion (p>0,05). Conclusion: The Bogor Regency Health Office is advised to evaluate case-finding methods, strengthen TB reporting by health facilities, conduct education on the importance of completing treatment, and enhance interventions targeting at-risk groups.
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Introduction: Pulmonary tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is the leading cause of death from infectious diseases worldwide. Indonesia ranks second among countries with the highest TB burden. Bogor Regency had the highest number of TB cases in West Java in 2023. Objective: To determine the correlation between healthcare service factors and individual factors with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in 20 sub-districts of Bogor Regency during 2023 – 2024. Methods: This study employed an ecological study design, with a sample of 20 sub-districts in Bogor Regency. Secondary data were obtained from the Bogor Regency Health Office and the Bogor Regency Central Bureau of Statistics. Results: The variable that showed a significant relationship with the incidence of pulmonary TB were treatment coverage in Bogor Regency (p = 0,000; r = 0,978), as well as treatment success rate in Leuwiliang sub-district (p = 0,004; r = 0,696), Kemang (p = 0,036; r = -0,543), and Jasinga (p = 0,038; r = -0,540). There was no significant correlation between the incidence rate and age or gender proportion (p>0,05). Conclusion: The Bogor Regency Health Office is advised to evaluate case-finding methods, strengthen TB reporting by health facilities, conduct education on the importance of completing treatment, and enhance interventions targeting at-risk groups.
S-11956
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Kurnia Adelia; Pembimbing: Laila Fitria; Penguji: Zakianis; Syafran Arrazy
Abstrak:
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Latar belakang: Dengan semakin canggihnya teknologi dan perubahan gaya hidup, penggunaan aplikasi pesan-antar makanan mengalami peningkatan secara global sebanyak 67% pada Maret 2020. Hal tersebut tidak hanya memberikan dampak positif, tetapi juga dampak negatif. Salah satu dampaknya adalah peningkatan sampah, terutama sampah makanan dan sampah plastik. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kebiasaan makan dan jenis sampah yang dihasilkan oleh Mahasiswa FKM UI selama pembelajaran jarak jauh tahun 2022. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional dengan menggunakan 347 sampel. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat menggunakan IBM SPSS versi 24 dan Google Spreadsheet. Hasil: Sebanyak 44,1% Mahasiswa FKM UI melakukan pembelian makanan secara daring melalui Gofood dan sebagian besar pemilihan makanan dipengaruhi oleh iklan. Sebanyak 65,7% Mahasiswa FKM UI yang membeli makanan secara daring menyimpan makanan sisa di dalam lemari es dan memakannya kembali atau membuangnya ke tempat sampah setelah disimpan. Jenis sampah yang dihasilkan Mahasiswa FKM UI selama pembelajaran jarak jauh tahun 2022 adalah sampah plastik sekaligus sampah makanan. Kesimpulan: Jenis sampah yang dihasilkan Mahasiswa FKM UI dari pembelian makanan secara daring adalah sampah plastik dan sampah makanan sekaligus.
Background: With increasingly sophisticated technology and changing lifestyles, the use of food delivery applications has increased globally by 67% in March 2020. This has not only a positive impact, but also a negative impact. One of the improvements is the increase in waste, especially food waste and plastic waste. Objective: This study aims to describe the eating habits and types of waste produced by FKM UI students during distance learning in 2022. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study design using 347 samples. Data analysis was performed univariately using IBM SPSS version 24 and Google Spreadsheet. Results: As many as 44.1% of FKM UI students made bold food purchases through Gofood and most of the food choices were influenced by advertisements. As many as 65.7% of FKM UI students who buy food boldly store food in the refrigerator and eat it again or throw it in the trash after being stored. The types of waste produced by FKM UI students during distance learning in 2022 are plastic waste as well as food waste. Conclusion: The type of waste produced by FKM UI students from buying food boldly is plastic waste and food waste at the same time.
S-11162
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Rifka Putri Salma; Pembimbing: Laila Fitria; Penguji SyafranArrazy, Ririn Arminsih Wulandari
Abstrak:
Hingga tahun 2021 IDF melaporkan sekitar 537 juta orang dewasa hidup dengan diabetes dan diproyeksikan akan terus meningkat, serta 90% diantaranya adalah tipe 2. Salah satu faktor utama yang dapat menyebabkan risiko Diabetes melitus tipe 2 adalah polusi udara termasuk polutan PM2.5. Namun, penelitian dengan topik ini belum banyak diteliti terutama di Indonesia sehingga untuk menelaah lebih jauh penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran faktor-faktor terkait pajanan PM2.5 serta faktor individu dalam meningkatkan risiko kejadian Diabetes melitus tipe 2 berdasarkan kajian sistematis terhadap literatur. Sebanyak 12 literatur berupa artikel jurnal ilmiah dari berbagai negara yang dipublikasikan pada tahun 2013-2021 disintesis dalam penelitian ini. Berdasarkan kajian sistematis, diketahui bahwa faktor risiko pajanan PM2.5 jangka panjang, konsentrasi PM2.5 yang tinggi, dan tinggal pada daerah padat penduduk, dekat dengan jalan raya, serta pada daerah dengan aktivitas industri dapat meningkatkan risiko Diabetes melitus tipe 2. Kejadian ini kemudian dapat lebih berisiko pada populasi dengan usia lebih tua (>40 tahun) dan IMT kelebihan berat badan (25 kg/m3 -30 kg/m3) dan obesitas (?30 kg/m3). Namun untuk faktor risiko jenis kelamin lebih banyak pada laki-laki dan pada yang sudah berhenti atau tidak pernah merokok, yang mana hasil ini merupakan penemuan baru yang berbeda dari teori dan penelitian sebelumnya sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut beserta faktor risiko lainnya.
Until 2021, the IDF reports that around 537 million adults live with diabetes and that number is projected to continue to increase, and 90% of them are type 2. One of the main factors that can increase the risk of type 2 Diabetes mellitus is air pollution, including PM2.5 pollutants. However, research on this topic has not been widely studied, especially in Indonesia, so to examine further, this study was conducted to determine the description of factors related to PM2.5 exposure and individual factors in increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus based on a systematic review of the literature. A total of 12 literatures in the form of scientific journal articles from various countries published in 2013-2021 were synthesized in this study. Based on a systematic study, it is known that the risk factors for long-term PM2.5 exposure, high PM2.5 concentrations, and living in densely populated areas, close to roads, and in areas with industrial activity can increase the risk of type 2 Diabetes mellitus. They may be more vulnerable in the population with an older age (> 40 years) and a BMI of overweight (25 kg/m3-30 kg/m3) or obese (30 kg/m3). However, the risk factors for sex are higher in men and in those who have stopped or have never smoked, which is a new finding that is different from previous theories and research, so further research needs to be done along with other risk factors.
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Until 2021, the IDF reports that around 537 million adults live with diabetes and that number is projected to continue to increase, and 90% of them are type 2. One of the main factors that can increase the risk of type 2 Diabetes mellitus is air pollution, including PM2.5 pollutants. However, research on this topic has not been widely studied, especially in Indonesia, so to examine further, this study was conducted to determine the description of factors related to PM2.5 exposure and individual factors in increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus based on a systematic review of the literature. A total of 12 literatures in the form of scientific journal articles from various countries published in 2013-2021 were synthesized in this study. Based on a systematic study, it is known that the risk factors for long-term PM2.5 exposure, high PM2.5 concentrations, and living in densely populated areas, close to roads, and in areas with industrial activity can increase the risk of type 2 Diabetes mellitus. They may be more vulnerable in the population with an older age (> 40 years) and a BMI of overweight (25 kg/m3-30 kg/m3) or obese (30 kg/m3). However, the risk factors for sex are higher in men and in those who have stopped or have never smoked, which is a new finding that is different from previous theories and research, so further research needs to be done along with other risk factors.
S-11086
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Eva Kasih Sembiring; Pembimbing: Laila Fitria; Penguji: Bambang Wispriyono, Ema Hermawati, Syafran Arrazy, Slamet Isworo
Abstrak:
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Sungai Cilemahabang merupakan sungai yang terdapat di Kabupaten Bekasi yang mengalir dari Cikarang bagian Selatan menuju Cikarang bagian Utara yang menjadi lokasi penelitian. Cikarang dikenal sebagai Kota industri terbesar di Asia Tenggara, dengan berkembangnya industri dan bertambahnya jumlah penduduk, sungai Cilemahabang terindikasi adanya pencemaran, sebagaimana hasil dari survey awal yang menunjukkan adanya konsentrasi merkuri dalam air sungai. Mengingat potensi bahaya kesehatan dari pajanan merkuri sehingga dilakukan penelitian yang dapat menganalisis risiko kesehatan terhadap masyarakat melalui air tanah (sumur) yang dikonsumsi masyarakat di sekitar wilayah aliran sungai Cilemahabang Desa Waluya dan Desa Karangraharja Kecamatan Cikarang Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL) dengan sampel subjek sebanyak 110 orang melalui kuesioner dan sampel lingkungan yaitu air tanah (sumur) sebanyak 8 sampel dianalisis di laboratorium. Selain itu, dilakukan pengambilan sampel air sungai pada bagian hulu, tengah dan hilir Sungai Cilemamahabang untuk melihat pola distribusi di lingkungan. Hasil laboratorium menunjukkan bahwa terdapat konsentrasi merkuri pada air tanah (sumur) sebesar 0,0027 mg/l yang telah melebih nilai baku mutu berdasarkan Permenkes Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 pada air minum dan konsentrasi merkuri pada air sungai juga telah melebihi nilai baku mutu berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 22 Tahun 2021. Nilai Risk Quetient (RQ) secara realtime pada masyarakat masih dinyatakan tidak berisiko dengan RQ≤1, namun setelah diproyeksikan hingga 40 tahun kedepan, dinyatakan berisiko dengan nilai RQ>1. Sedangkan untuk RQ individu, terdapat 15% yang sudah berisiko. Sehingga tetap perlu dilakukan pengelolaan risiko untuk meminimalisir dampak kesehatan masyarakat jangka panjang.
Cilemahabang River is a river in Bekasi Regency that flows from the southern part of Cikarang to the northern part of Cikarang, the research location. Cikarang is known as the largest industrial city in Southeast Asia. With industrial development and population growth, the Cilemahabang River has become polluted, and the initial survey results revealed elevated concentrations of mercury in the river water. Considering the potential health hazards of mercury exposure, this study was conducted to analyze the health risks to the community through groundwater (well water) consumed by residents living near the Cilemahabang River Basin in Waluya Village and Karangraharja Village, North Cikarang District. This study used the ARKL method with a subject sample of 110 people through a questionnaire and environmental samples, namely groundwater (well) as many as 8 samples analyzed in the laboratory. In addition, river water samples were taken at the upstream, middle, and downstream of the Cilemamahabang River to see the environmental distribution pattern. Laboratory results show that there is a mercury concentration in groundwater (wells) of 0.0027 mg/l, which has exceeded the quality standard value based on Permenkes Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 in drinking water, and the mercury concentration in river water has also exceeded the quality standard value based on PP Nomor 22 Tahun 2021. The real-time Risk Quetient (RQ) value in the community is still declared not at risk with RQ≤1, but after being projected for the next 40 years, it is stated at risk with an RQ>1 value. As for the individual RQ, 15% are already at risk. So, it is still necessary to carry out risk management to minimize long-term public health impacts.
T-7269
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Nia Junia Puteri; Pembimbing: Laila Fitria; Penguji: Al Asyary, Budi Hartono, Syafran Arrazy, Amrina Rosyada
Abstrak:
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Stunting merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang dapat mengganggu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak, yang berdampak pada kualitas sumber daya manusia dan produktivitas di masa depan. Berdasarkan data SKI 2023, Provinsi Papua Tengah menjadi provinsi yang memiliki prevalensi tertinggi stunting pada baduta. Stunting bisa disebabkan oleh banyak faktor, seperti faktor anak, rumah tangga, dan komunitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara faktor anak (jenis kelamin, IMD, ASI eksklusif, dan diare), rumah tangga (sumber air minum, akses sanitasi, pengelolaan limbah, dan pengelolaan sampah), dan komunitas (tempat tinggal) terhadap kejadian stunting pada baduta (6-23 bulan) di Provinsi Papua Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dengan besar sampel yang dianalisis sebesar 175 anak yang bersumber dari data SKI 2023. Analisis pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis complex sample terdiri dari univariat, bivariat (uji chi square), dan multivariat (uji regresi logistik model prediksi). Hasil univariat menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi baduta (6-23 bulan) yang mengalami stunting di Provinsi Papua Tengah sebesar 36,8%. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin yang memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan kejadian stunting pada baduta (6-23 bulan) di Provinsi Papua Tengah (p-value = 0,025; OR = 2,210; 95% CI = 1,103 – 4,430). Sementara, analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa tempat tinggal menjadi faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kejadian stunting pada baduta (6-23 bulan) di Provinsi Papua Tengah (p-value = 0,044; OR = 2,509; 95% CI = 1,024 – 6,145). Diharapkan kepada pemerintah daerah melalui Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Papua Tengah dapat meningkatkan program intervensi stunting berbasis wilayah, terutama di daerah perdesaan, dengan fokus pada kesehatan ibu dan anak, serta kesehatan lingkungan (seperti sanitasi, sampah dan limbah), melalui kolaborasi dengan berbagai pihak terkait.
Stunting is a health issue that can disrupt children's growth and development, affecting the quality of human resources and future productivity. According to the 2023 SKI data, Central Papua Province has the highest prevalence of stunting among children aged 6-23 months. Stunting can be caused by various factors, including child, household, and community-related factors. This study aims to analyze the relationship between child-related factors (gender, early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding, and diarrhea), household factors (source of drinking water, sanitation access, waste management, and garbage disposal), and community factors (place of residence) with the incidence of stunting among toddlers (aged 6–23 months) in Central Papua Province. The study uses a cross-sectional design with a sample size of 175 children sourced from the 2023 SKI data. The analysis includes complex sample analysis, comprising univariate, bivariate (chi-square test), and multivariate (logistic regression prediction model) analyses. The univariate results show that the prevalence of stunting in children aged 6-23 months in Central Papua Province is 36.8%. The bivariate analysis reveals that gender is significantly associated with stunting incidence (p-value = 0,025; OR = 2,210; 95% CI = 1,103 – 4,430). Meanwhile, the multivariate analysis indicates that residence type is the most influential factor on stunting incidence (p-value = 0,044; OR = 2,509; 95% CI = 1,024 – 6,145). It is expected that the local government, through the Health Office of Central Papua Province, can improve region-based stunting intervention programs, particularly in rural areas, focusing on maternal and child health, and environmental health (such as sanitation, waste and sewage management), through collaboration with various related stakeholders.
T-7248
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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