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Compared to death of infants aged 1-59 months, neonatal death has slower rate reduction, with annual rate reduction only 2.6% during the last 18 years. One of risk factors causing neonatal death is iron deficiency anemia on pregnant women. Indonesia has high number of anemia among pregnant women, as much as 41,98% in 2016. This study was conducted to examine the effect of iron supplementation during pregnancy towards neonatal survival in Indonesia. Survival analysis using cox regression test was performed towards live birth data in the period of 20122017 recorded on Demographic and Health Survey 2017. Result showed that women consumed less than 180 tablets of iron supplements are having 1,542 times higher risk of neonatal death compared to those consumed 180 tablets of iron or more (95% CI 0,808-2,946; p-value 0,189). Subsequent analysis also showed that implementation of minimum 90 iron tablets consumption during pregnancy program could prevent 13,77% neonatal death in population. The result of this study is strongly affected by selection bias, recall bias, and compliance issue on iron supplementation in Indonesia. Despite of the strong bias, this study points to the present of iron supplementation effect towards neonatal survival.
Stigma against abortion has limited the study of abortion in several countries including Indonesia. This study aims to get a picture of the structural determinants of women who had abortion.This study utilized data from community-based survey of 8,969 randomly selected women aged 15-49 in six provinces in Java. Structural Equation Modeling Analysis was used to get an overview of the structural determinants of women who had abortion based on the concept of Integrated Behavioral Model Theory. Model fit with RMSEA value = 0.037; CFI = 0.924, and SRMR = 0.048. Intention shows the biggest direct effect on abortion. The experience of physical and sexual violence, the attitude toward the impact of ending pregnancy, and lack of contraception knowledge have a direct effect on increasing the intention to have an abortion. Reducing contraceptive failure rates and increasing the use of LARC will reduce unwanted pregnancies and abortion incidence. Communication program, increasing awareness of the dangers and impacts, community participation, and social media need to be increased in efforts to prevent and overcome the problem of IPV.
