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Emotional mental disorders are health problems that occur in all countries that can affect a person's quality of life and can occur in all age groups. Elderly is one of the age groups at risk for mental-emotional disorders as a result of reduced physical ability to carry out daily activities. Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship between the level of physical disability and emotional mental disorders that are influenced by other variables. This study used a cross-sectional design. The subjects of this study were all elderly people who were recorded in the 2018 Riset Kesehatan Dasar who met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that there was a statistically significant relationship between the level of physical disability and emotional mental disorders (p = 0.000 <0.05), with a mild degree of dependence (PR = 2.021, 95% CI (1.936-2.109)), moderate dependence (PR = 3.189, 95% CI (2.818-3.610)), severe dependence (PR = 3.350, 95% CI (2.920-3.843), and total dependence (PR = 2.770, 95% CI (2.419-3.173)) after being controlled by variable education and the number of history of chronic disease.So it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the level of physical disability with mental emotional disorders after being controlled by the education variable and the number of history of chronic disease.
Hypertension is one of diseases caused world health problems. The prevalence of hypertension is predicted will be increase. Hypertension in Indonesia are dominated by the female population. One of the risk factors caused hypertension is the use of hormonal contraception. This study aims to determine the association between the last birth hormonal contraception and the prevalence of hypertension. The research design was cross-sectional from January to June 2023 used the 2018 Riskesdas data. The exposed group was 45,178 respondents who used hormonal contraception and the unexposed group was 30,845 who did not use hormonal contraception. The results showed that there was a significant association between the use of hormonal contraception and the prevalence of hypertension after controlling for age and body mass index with AdjPR 1.10 (95% CI 1.06–1.12). This study also assessed the association between types of hormonal contraception including 3-month injection contraception with AdjPR value of 1.08 (95% CI 1.05-1.12); 1-month injectable contraception with AdjPR value of 0.99 (95% CI 0.93-1.05), implant contraceptive AdjPR 0.90 (95% CI 0.84-0.96), and contraceptive pill AdjPR 1.30 (95% CI 1.23-1.35). This is expected to illustrate the importance of choosing the right contraception to prevent the hypertension
In 2018, according to Riskesdas data, the consumption of illegal alcoholic beverages in Indonesia dominated with a significant figure, reaching 66.2% of the total national alcohol consumption.. Excise policies have been identified as an effective tool for controlling consumption and supporting public health management. This study utilizes a literature review method by sourcing data from online databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer Link, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Fourteen articles published in the last ten years (2014–2024) were included. The results from the 14 included studies indicate that well-designed excise policies, accompanied by strong distribution monitoring, can significantly reduce illegal alcohol consumption while simultaneously increasing state revenue. Additionally, public education on the health risks of consuming illegal alcohol has proven to be a key factor in the success of control policies. Countries that have implemented monitoring and control policies for illegal alcoholic beverages have adopted excise rates using specific excise systems based on the volume or ethanol content in the product (e.g., rates per liter according to alcohol category) and ad valorem excise taxes based on the product's price percentage. This is particularly suitable for developing countries with high inflation as it protects the tax base from inflationary effects. The analysis in the discussion suggests that excessively high excise rates can lead to substitution effects toward illegal products. The implications of excise policies in the health sector include a reduction in illegal alcohol consumption due to increased product prices, encouraging consumers to switch to healthier beverages. This leads to a decreased prevalence of non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer, as well as cost savings in healthcare expenditures for treating such illnesses. In the socio-economic sector, excise policies contribute to increasing state revenue and reducing crime rates.
Community involvement is one of the important keys to handling public health problems, especially during a pandemic. The magnitude of the efforts made by the government needs to be balanced with the active participation of the community in the crisis response to the handling of the COVID-19 pandemic so that it can be handled quickly. Good practice in several countries with high public awareness to be actively involved in supporting the handling of COVID-19, the success rate in overcoming the impact of COVID-19 is quite high when compared to countries with citizens who are quite passive or even do not want to be involved at all (apathetic). The government has limitations, namely not being able to reach all components of people's lives. Thus, community involvement and participation will facilitate the government's task in carrying out the policies that have been made. The design of this study was quantitative with a cross sectional method to assess the correlation between the performance of Community-Based Surveillance (SBM) cadres and independent variables conducted at 11 Puskesmas in Depok City. In order to enrich the results of the discussion and implementation of the role of relevant agencies, the researcher added information sourced from in-depth interviews with key informants. The results showed that variables related to the early detection and reporting of COVID 19 by cadres, including marital status (p value = 0.0001), length of time being a cadre (p value = 0.038), training status (p value = 0.002), and professional behavior p value = 0.033). In addition, the most dominant factors influencing the performance of cadres in the early detection and reporting of COVID-19 is marital status after being controlled by other variables. The confounding variable in this study is the length of time being a cadre. Marital status had an OR of 15.34, meaning that marital status increased 15 times the performance of cadres in early detection and reporting of COVID-19 (95%CI=1.9-118.8) after being controlled by other variables with a p-value of 0.009. Furthermore, community-based surveillance training increased cadres' performance 3 times in early detection and reporting of COVID-19 (95%CI=1.3-5.05). However, when viewed from the p value, the training status gets the smallest number, namely 0.006, so it can be said that training is the most influential variable on the performance of SBM cadres in finding and reporting COVID-19 cases in Depok City.
Volcanic eruptions impact the health and quality of life of people living in disaster areas, especially adolescents. Social capital is a potential resource for improving adolescents’s health-related quality of life. This study aimed to determine the relationship between social capital and health-related quality of life among adolescents affected by the eruption of Mount Sinabung, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province. This study is a mixed-methods study with an embedded sequential design. A qualitative study (phase 1) provides a secondary supporting role in the main quantitative study (phase 2), which is then followed by a qualitative study (phase 3) to explain the findings in the main quantitative research. Quantitative research using a cross-sectional design. Health-related quality of life was measured using the Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryTM (PedsQLTM) version 4.0 questionnaire on 318 respondents aged 10-18 years using a simple random sampling technique. Quantitative data were analyzed using Cox Regression. Qualitative approach using a Rapid Assessment Procedure (RAP) design. Qualitative data were collected through observation, focus group discussions (FGDs), and in-depth interviews. The results showed that the proportion of poor health-related quality of life was 45.4%. The proportion of adolescents with low individual social capital was 69.4% and low community social capital was 47.4%. Individual social capital was associated with health-related quality of life (PR = 2,224; 95% CI 1,424-2,473), while community social capital was not a risk factor for adolescents' health-related quality of life (PR = 1,017; 95% CI 0,601-1,721). This quantitative finding is supported by the qualitative finding that individual-level social capital that contributes to poor quality of life in adolescents includes the unfulfilled sense of security from the eruption of Mount Sinabung in adolescents who are not relocated and adolescents need a sense of protection from crime; unpleasant experiences while living in temporary refugee camps; lack of familiarity with fellow community members since living in relocation; low participation of adolescents in organizations due to low transportation accessibility; and obligations that become a burden for adolescents, especially adolescents who are not relocated. Although community social capital is not a risk factor for adolescents' health quality of life, it qualitatively plays a role in adolescents' health quality of life, such as adolescents' parents utilizing membership in economic organizations for adolescents' education expenses and the use of public spaces such as sports fields and jambur by adolescents in government relocations that provide opportunities for adolescents to interact socially with their peers and the surrounding community. Based on this study's findings, local governments should be able to utilize and strengthen social capital at both the individual and community levels to improve the quality of life of disaster-affected adolescent health by considering the type of relocation and age group.
