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Kata kunci : HIV, Penasun, sharing needle, pasangan seks, kondom, IMS.
HIV infection cases keep increasing and have been inestmated infecting 36.7 million people in the world and 2 million among them are children below 15 years old. The high prevallence rate of HI among IDUs indiacted IDU is important HIV key population in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to know determinant affecting HIV infection among IDUs in Indonesia in year 2015 by using secondary data of IBBS (STBP) among IDUs in 6 big cities done by Ministry of Health (Kemkes RI). In IBBS/STBP study about 1231 IDUs were interviewed and taken their blood samples. In study we used multivariate analysis using Cox regrssion analiysis and found that the HIV prevalence rate was 28.8%. About 55,2% have shared needles, 90,7% have used already used needles, 35% have been following methadone substitution therapy. From this study we also found that having IDUs sex partner increased risk to get HIV infection for about 2,22 times as compared those did not have (95% CI of PR: 1,152- 4,281, p-value=0,017), Self perception that ones being at risk of HIV increased risk to get HIV infection 1,68 times (95% CI 1,176-2,406, nilai p=0,004), sharing needle increased risk to get infected by HIV 1,90 times (95% CI 0,68-5,35), status of Sifilis infection and STI (sexual transmitted infection) both increased risk 1,2 times and condom use had protective effect and showed signficant association (p-value=0,006). HIV control programs in Indonesia were expected to be more focus on intervention toward key population of IDUs in areas of education to increase knowledge of HIV, therapy and behavior intervention.
Kata kunci : HIV, IDUs, sharing needle, sex partners, condom, STI.
The progression of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection in theworld is very progressive. Since found in 1981 until 2016 the number of cases hasreached tens of millions of lives. The number of new HIV infections in CirebonRegency has the same as the condition of the world. In 2017 the number of new casesincreased by 50% compared to 2009. The spread of HIV infection is still concentratedin the key population with the main transmission pattern through unsafe sex. Primaryprevention undertaken are early detection of a HIV status and counselling of riskfactors through Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) activities. This study aims todetermine the magnitude of the association between risky sexual behavior with HIVinfection on VCT Clients in Cirebon Regency.This was cross sectional study using secondary data of VCT in 2017. Thepopulation is clients who visit VCT clinic, doing pre-test counselling, HIV test andpost-test counselling. Clients are key populations (gay / MSM, customer sex workers,IDUs, sex workers, transgender, and prisoners), TB patients and legaly sex partner.Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate association between risky sexbehavior and HIV infection after controlled covariate variables.Nearly 3.0%. (85/2,858) of tested clients were positif HIV and 80.4%(2,299/2.858) client had risky sexual behavior. There was a significant associationbetween risky sex behavior and HIV infection on VCT clients in Cirebon Regency(Adjusted POR=2.23 (1.019-4.899) after controlling to gender.The proportion of risky sex behaviors in VCT clients is very high, VCT clientswho engage in sex-risk behaviors had a risk of 2.23 times for HIV infection comparedto VCT clients who do not engage in risky sexual behavior. It is recommended to theCirebon Health Office to improve promotive and preventive programs to enhancingcommunity knowledge and skills in preventing HIV infection, conducting outreachtraining in terms of regulatory and advocacy techniques, increasing the frequency ofVCT and improving the duration and quality of counselling in VCT.Key words:HIV, VCT, Risky sexual behavior, Cirebon Regency.
Tantangan pengobatan ARV adalah kepatuhan. Kepatuhan pengobatan ARV di Kabupaten Mimika menurun dari 84.3% pada tahun 2009 menjadi 62% pada tahun 2011. Berdasarkan fakta ini dilakukan penelitian cross sectional agar diketahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan pengobatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kepatuhan ≥ 80% : 44.59% dan kepatuhan < 80% : 55.41%. Hasil uji regresi logistik menunjukan bahwa pasien berpendidikan tinggi lebih patuh dari berpendidikan rendah, pasien tidak bekerja lebih patuh dari pasien yang bekerja, Pasien bukan suku Papua lebih patuh dari pasien suku Papua dan pasien yang mendapat dukungan keluarga lebih patuh dari pasien yang tidak mendapat dukungan keluarga.
ARV treatment is compliance challenges. ARV treatment adherence in Mimika District decreased from 84.3% in 2009 to 62% in 2011. This fact-based cross sectional study carried out in order to know the factors related to medication adherence. The results showed that compliance ≥ 80%: 44.59% and adherence <80%: 55.41%. The results of logistic regression test showed that highly educated patients had better adherence than less educated, not working more adherent patients than patients who work, not the tribe of Papua patients more adherent than patients Papuan tribal and family support for patients who received more adherent than patients who did not receive family support.
Consistency in condom usage is one of the ways to prevent sexually transmitted infection in key population. The average client of sex services in populations that provides most prostitution service is the Direct Female Sex Workers (DFSW), followed by Indirect Female Sex Workers (IFSW), MSM and IDUs. This study is conducted to identify the association between knowledge of HIV-AIDS, its risks, and its prevention with consistency of condom usage on direct female sex workers in 9 cities in Indonesia. This study used cross sectional study design and used data of IBBS 2013. Population of this study is all of DFSW in 9 cities where the survey is held. Meanwhile, the DFSW taken as samples for this study are 15 years old or above who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The result shows that the prevalence of consistency of condom usage on DFSW in 9 Cities in Indonesia is 36.3% and the prevalence of DFSW which has good knowledge of HIV-AIDS, its risk, and its prevention is 55.9%. The DFSW who has good knowledge of HIV-AIDS, its risk, and its prevention has 1=3.2 time higher chance of consistency in condom usage after the confounding factors are controlled. The confounding factors in association between knowledge of HIV-AIDS, its risk, and its prevention and consistency of condom usage are education (OR=1.732), perception (OR=1.305), number of guest (OR=0.737), condom availability (OR=1.826), free condom access (OR=1.970), and offering condom to guest (OR=31.523). Further study is needed with more factors that determine consistency of condom usage on DFSW. Keyword: Consistency, Condom, Knowledge
ABSTRAK Prevalensi HIV pada populasi umum di Tanah Papua telah mencapai 2,4 persen dan jalur penularan utama melalui hubungan seksual. Hal ini didukung dengan tingginya perilaku seksual berisiko yang terjadi di tengah masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara usia pertama kali berhubungan seks dengan risiko terinfeksi HIV pada klien klinik VCT RSUD Manokwari Provinsi Papua Barat. Desain studi yang digunakan adalah kasus-kontrol dengan jumlah sampel 180 orang. Populasi studi adalah mereka yang berusia 15 tahun keatas, berisiko secara seksual, dan bukan pekerja seks komersial. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan juni 2012. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mereka yang melakukan hubungan seks pertama pada usia kurang dari 20 tahun berisiko 1,36 kali (95%CI: 0,63-2,98) untuk terinfeksi HIV dibanding yang melakukannya pada usia 20 tahun atau lebih, meskipun hubungannya tidak signifikan. Variabel lain yang berhubungan secara signifikan adalah mereka yang memiliki pasangan seks dua atau lebih, pasangan tidak tahu apakah pasangannya memiliki pasangan seks lain (OR 3,23), dan tidak pernah menggunakan kondom (OR 6,45), serta berstatus kawin atau cerai (OR 3,00). Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan masukkan bagi stakeholders di Manokwari dalam mencarikan solusi terkait fenomena yang terjadi.
Abstract HIV prevalence in the general population in Papua has reached into 2.4 percent and the main route of transmission was through sexual intercourse. This situation is supported by the high risk sexual behavior that often occurs in the community. The purpose of this study was to identify the correlation between age at first sex with the risk of HIV infection in VCT clinic clients Manokwari Hospital West Papua provinci. This study used case control design with total sample of 180 respondents. The inclusion criteria of the sample were those aged 15 years or older, sexually active, non-commercial sex workers. The data was recruited in June 2012. The result shows that those who had first sex at the aged of 20 years or less had 1.36 times risk of HIV infection (95% CI: 0.63-2.98) than those who did at age 20 years old or more, although the correlation was not significant. Variables that significantly correlated to risk of HIV infection were those who had 2 or more sexual partners, the couple who do not know that their partner had other sexual partners (OR 3.23), and never using condoms (OR 6.45), and also those who are married or divorced. This study is expected to be endorsed to stakeholders in Manokwari in order to find problem solving related to the phenomena.
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor individual, interpesonal dan lingkungan struktural dengan menawarkan penggunaan kondom kepada pelanggan pada WPSL dan WPSTL. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa WPSTL yang selalu menawarkan penggunaan kondom sebesar 51,6% dan WPSL sebesar 40,3%. Analisis multivariat didapat variabel yang berhubungan dengan menawarkan penggunaan kondom pada WPSL adalah pekerjaan pelanggan, jumlah pelanggan, konsumsi alkohol/NAPZA sebelum berhubungan seks, ketersediaan kondom dan media/sumber infromasi mengenai kondom. Sedangkan pada WPSTL antara lain jumlah pelanggan, pengetahuan mengenai HIV/AIDS dan pencegahannya, kontak dengan petugas penjangkauan dan ketersediaan kondom Disarankan untuk meningkatkan tersedianya kondom di lokasi transaksi seksual dan upaya promotif dan preventif pada WPS dengan pendekatan yang disesuaikan dengan karakteristik WPS.
Kata kunci : Menawarkan, Kondom, WPSL, WPSTL
One of the risk factors of HIV / AIDS transmission in Indonesia is unsafe sex. To disconnect of transmission can be done with the use of condoms consistently and correctly at the time of sexual intercourse. The low consistency of condom use is caused by the condom use offer is also low. Women Sex Workers (WPS) are the contributing parts. Women Live Sex Workers are women who provide sexual services whose main purpose of transactions are to exchange sexual services with money. Indirect Sex Workers Women are women who provide sexual services but are not the main source of income, the services provided can provide additional income. This study uses data of Biological and Behavior Integrated Survey (STBP) in 2015 by selecting 2,898 respondents who meet inclusion and exclusion criteria.
The purpose of this study was to compare individual, interpesonal and structural factors related to offering condom use to customers between WPSL and WPSTL. The study used cross sectional design. The result of the research shows that WPSTL always offer condom usage 51,6% and WPSL 40,3%. Multivariate analysis found that variables associated with offering condom use on WPSL are work of customer, number of customer, consuming alcohol / drug before sex, condom availability, and information/media about condom. While on WPSTL, among others, number of customer, knowledge of HIV / AIDS and prevention, contact with outreach workers and the availability of condoms. It is recommended to increase the availability of condoms in the location of sexual transactions and promotive and preventive efforts on WPS with approaches adapted to the characteristics of WPS.
Keywords: Offering, Condom, WPSL, WPSTL.
