Ditemukan 5 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query :: Simpan CSV
Haikal Muhammad Ariq Andrianto; Pembimbing: Mila Tejamaya; Penguji: Doni Hikmat Ramdhan, Mariani
Abstrak:
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Laboratorium Migas merupakan tempat kerja untuk melakukan pengujian, penelitian, dan pengembangan minyak mentah, produk sampingan, hingga produk jadi menggunakan peralatan dan bahan yang ada. Laboratorium memiliki banyak bahaya di dalamnya, tak terkecuali dengan bahaya kimia seperti benzene, toluene dan xylene (BTX). Oleh karena itu, diperlukan kajian risiko kesehatan di Laboratorium Migas untuk mengetahui seberapa besar tingkat risiko BTX terhadap pekerja laboratorium. Kajian risiko kesehatan ini akan mengacu pada CHRA DOSH Malaysia (2018) dimana data yang didapatkan dianalisis menggunakan IHSTAT. Kajian risiko kesehatan dilakukan menyesuaikan dengan SEG yang sudah ditentukan, yaitu unit Crude & Product Classification, unit Facility & Quality, unit Fuel, unit Analytical & Gas, serta unit Petrochemical. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat tingkat risiko yang tinggi pada pajanan benzene melalui rute inhalasi serta rute dermal terhadap unit Fuel. Sementara itu, pajanan xylene dan toluene berada pada tingkat risiko yang rendah untuk rute pajanan inhalasi serta berada pada tingkat pajanan moderat pada rute pajanan dermal. Dari hasil penelitian terkait tingkat risiko keseharan pada pajanan benzene, toluene, dan xylene, diperlukan peningkatan kesadaran pekerja untuk menggunakan APD tambahan serta peningkatan sistem ventilasi di tempat kerja.
The Oil and Gas Laboratory is a workplace for conducting testing, research and development on crude oil, by-products and finished products using existing equipment and materials. Laboratories have many dangers in them, including chemical hazards such as benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX). Therefore, it is necessary to study health risks in oil and gas laboratories to find out how big the risk level of BTX is to laboratory workers. This health risk study will refer to CHRA DOSH Malaysia (2018) where the data obtained was analyzed using IHSTAT. Health risk studies are carried out in accordance with the SEGs that have been determined, namely the Crude & Product Classification unit, Facility & Quality unit, Fuel unit, Analytical & Gas unit, and Petrochemical unit. The results of the study show that there is a high level of risk of exposure to benzene via the inhalation route and the dermal route on Fuel units. Meanwhile, exposure to xylene and toluene is at a low risk level for the inhalation exposure route and at a moderate exposure level for the dermal exposure route. From the results of research regarding the level of health risk from exposure to benzene, toluene and xylene, it is necessary to increase worker awareness to use additional PPE and improve the ventilation system in the workplace.
S-11672
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Eugenius Rada Masri; Pembimbing: Hasbullah Thabrany; Penguji: Anhari Achadi, Mariani Subrata, Adeline Lebuan
Abstrak:
Kondisi geografis dan akses yang sulit masih menjadi kendala dalamefektifitas pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak di NTT yang menyebabkan munculnyamasalah 3T dan tingginya AKI dan AKB. Jalan keluar yang ditempuh antara lainadalah Revolusi KIA NTT dengan penyediaan rumah tunggu kelahiran (RTK).Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektivitas pemanfaatan RTKoleh ibu hamil di Manggarai Barat NTT tahun 2016. Pemanfaatan rumah tungguberhubungan faktor predisposisi (predisposing factors), faktor pemungkin (enablingfactors) dan faktor penguat (reinforcing factors).Metode penelitian ini adalah Mixed Method Research dengan desaineksplanatoris. Penelitian ini mengambil jumlah sampel survey sebanyak 100responden dengan metode multistage random sampling jumlah respondenwawancara mendalam 29 responden. Analisis data menggunakan program StatisticalProduct and Service Solutions (SPSS) program Nvivo 11 Plus. Analisis kuantittatifmenggunakan metode Chi Square Test.Hasil penelitian terdapat 19% ibu hamil menggunakan RTK di ManggaraiBarat tahun 2016. Wawancara mendalam menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan RTKberdampak positif bagi banyak ibu hamil dari geografis sulit dan ibu hamil yangberesiko tinggi.
Hasil analisis kuantitaf dari faktor predisposisi (predisposing factors)menunjukkan bahwa umur (p=0.38), pendidikan (p=0.301), pengetahuan (p=0.201),pekerjaan (p=0.68), kondisi ekonomi (p=0.592), sikap (p=0.452) dan faktor sosialbudaya tidak mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna dengan pemanfaatan RTK diManggarai Barat. Faktor ketersediaan sarana dan tenaga kesehatan mempunyaihubungan bermakna (p=0.038) serta ketersediaan sarana transportasi juga bermakna(P=0.04). Faktor ketersediaan kendaraaan dijelaskan oleh faktor jarak dan faktorgeografis. Faktor-faktor penguat (reinforcing factors) seperti keluarga (p=0.201), masyarakat (p=1), tenaga kesehatan (p=0.26) dan pemerintah (p=0.345) tidak bermakna terhadap pemanfaatan RTK di Manggarai Barat tahun 2016.
Bad goegraphic condition and bad access to health facility still remain to bethe big problem in effectivity of maternity care in NTT Province, Indonesia. The badaccess to the facility causes the problems of 3 Lates (Tiga Terlambat) and still highof MMR and IMR. One of the wayouts of the problems is the revoluiton of Motherdan Infant Health care in NTT since 2009 with providing maternity waiting houses(MWH) near facility of health care.The aim of the study is to determine the effectivity of using maternity waitinghouses in district of Manggarai Barat, Province of NTT, in 2016. The use of MWHlink to the factors of: predisposing factors, enabling factors and reinforcing factors.This research uses Mixed Method Research with explanatory design. Totalsurvey samples are 100 respondents using multistage random sampling method andtotal indepth interview samples are 29 respondents. The analisys of data using thesoft ware program of Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) and Nvivo 11Plus.The result of the survey is 19% pregnant women used MWH in ManggaraiBarat in 2016. Indepth Interview shows the fact that the use of MWH have a positiveimpact for many pregnant women from the villages with bad geographic conditionsand the pregnant women with high risk maternity. The quantitative analysis showingthe result that the predisposing factors: age (p=0.38), education (p=0.301),knowledge (p=0.201), work (p=0.68), socio-economic condition (p=0.592), attitude(p=0.452) and socio-cultural factors had no significant relation with the use of MWHin Manggarai Barat in 2016. The factors of heath facility and healt care provider(p=0.038) and the presence of transportation facility (car or vehicles) (p=0.04) havesignificat relation with the use of MWH. The reinforcing factors: family (p=0.201),public figures (p=1), health care provider (p=0.26) and government (p=0.345) had nosignificant relationship with the use of MWH in Manggarai Barat, 2016.
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Hasil analisis kuantitaf dari faktor predisposisi (predisposing factors)menunjukkan bahwa umur (p=0.38), pendidikan (p=0.301), pengetahuan (p=0.201),pekerjaan (p=0.68), kondisi ekonomi (p=0.592), sikap (p=0.452) dan faktor sosialbudaya tidak mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna dengan pemanfaatan RTK diManggarai Barat. Faktor ketersediaan sarana dan tenaga kesehatan mempunyaihubungan bermakna (p=0.038) serta ketersediaan sarana transportasi juga bermakna(P=0.04). Faktor ketersediaan kendaraaan dijelaskan oleh faktor jarak dan faktorgeografis. Faktor-faktor penguat (reinforcing factors) seperti keluarga (p=0.201), masyarakat (p=1), tenaga kesehatan (p=0.26) dan pemerintah (p=0.345) tidak bermakna terhadap pemanfaatan RTK di Manggarai Barat tahun 2016.
Bad goegraphic condition and bad access to health facility still remain to bethe big problem in effectivity of maternity care in NTT Province, Indonesia. The badaccess to the facility causes the problems of 3 Lates (Tiga Terlambat) and still highof MMR and IMR. One of the wayouts of the problems is the revoluiton of Motherdan Infant Health care in NTT since 2009 with providing maternity waiting houses(MWH) near facility of health care.The aim of the study is to determine the effectivity of using maternity waitinghouses in district of Manggarai Barat, Province of NTT, in 2016. The use of MWHlink to the factors of: predisposing factors, enabling factors and reinforcing factors.This research uses Mixed Method Research with explanatory design. Totalsurvey samples are 100 respondents using multistage random sampling method andtotal indepth interview samples are 29 respondents. The analisys of data using thesoft ware program of Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) and Nvivo 11Plus.The result of the survey is 19% pregnant women used MWH in ManggaraiBarat in 2016. Indepth Interview shows the fact that the use of MWH have a positiveimpact for many pregnant women from the villages with bad geographic conditionsand the pregnant women with high risk maternity. The quantitative analysis showingthe result that the predisposing factors: age (p=0.38), education (p=0.301),knowledge (p=0.201), work (p=0.68), socio-economic condition (p=0.592), attitude(p=0.452) and socio-cultural factors had no significant relation with the use of MWHin Manggarai Barat in 2016. The factors of heath facility and healt care provider(p=0.038) and the presence of transportation facility (car or vehicles) (p=0.04) havesignificat relation with the use of MWH. The reinforcing factors: family (p=0.201),public figures (p=1), health care provider (p=0.26) and government (p=0.345) had nosignificant relationship with the use of MWH in Manggarai Barat, 2016.
T-5255
Depok : FKM UI, 2018
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Zubaedah; Pembimbing: Hasbullah Thabrany; Penguji: Atik Nurwahyuni, Amal C. Sjaaf, Poppy Mariani Yuliati
B-1248
Depok : FKM UI, 2010
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Efisiensi Penyimpanan Obat di Gudang Farmasi RSUD Kota Makassar Menggunakan Pendekatan Lean Hospital
Pratiwi Ananta A; Pembimbing: Helen Andriani; Penguji: Ede Surya Darmawan, Vetty Yulianty Permanasari, Ervina Mariani, Yyli Riviyanti
Abstrak:
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Penelitian yang dilakukan di gudang obat farmasi RSUD Kota Makassar ini membahas kegiatan proses penyimpanan barang, yang dinilai penulis masih terdapat permasalahan yang merupakan pemborosan atau waste. Penelitian ini diakukan dengan menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif melalui pendekatan action reseach dengan fokus pada proses penyimpanan dan pendistribusian barang dengan metodologi lean. Lingkup penelitian mencakup proses penerimaan barang, penyusunan dan penyimpanan, penerimaan permintaan (Ampra) dari depo farmasi dan penyerahan barang ke depo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses penyimpanan obat di gudang farmasi belum sesuai standar dan masih terdapat kegiatan yang tidak mendatangkan nilai tambah (non value added). Pada kegiatan penerimaan didapat komposisi value added di banding non value added sebesar 60% : 40%. Sedangkan pada proses penerimaan permintaan (Ampra) barang dari depo sampai penyerahan barang permintaan didapatkan komposisi value added disbanding non value added sebesar 30% : 70%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem penyimpanan gudang yang sekarang ini belum dalam kondisi lean. Pemborosan (waste) yang terjadi antara lain: overproduction / duplication (rework), delay / waiting (penundaan), transportation (transportasi yang berlebihan), processes, inventories (persediaan tidak tepat/ berlebihan), motions (gerakan tidak perlu), defect (cacat) / Error Transaction, dan Human Potential / Defective Design. Untuk mengurangi waste tersebut maka dilakukan implementasi dengan menggunakan lean tools, seperti 5S (seiri, seiton, seiso, seiketsu, shitsuke), visual management, kanban, dan kaizen. Setelah dilakukan implementasi tersebut didapatkan hasil future state mapping terjadi penurunan yang signifikan pada proses penerimaan barang sampai penyimpanan barang, yaitu hasil perhitungan VSM (Value Stream Map) komposisi value added dibanding non value added sebesar 73% : 27%. Sedangkan pada proses penerimaan permintaan barang dari depo sampai penyerahan barang permintaan didapatkan komposisi value added dibanding non value added sebesar 38% : 62%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini Lean Hospital merupakan metode atau tool yang tepat untuk menurunkan nilai non value added dengan mengurangi waste dan meningkatkan nilai tambah untuk pelanggan. Saran dari peneliti adalah mendorong rumah sakit untuk melanjutkan sebagai langkah awal dalam perbaikan berkelanjutan, yang harus disertai dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan sumber daya manusia (SDM) dan fasilitas pendukung.
The research conducted in the pharmacy warehouse of the Regional General Hospital of Makassar City addresses the activities of the goods storage process, which the author considers to still have issues constituting waste. This qualitative research employs an action research approach with a focus on the storage and distribution processes using lean methodology. The scope of the study encompasses the receiving of goods, arranging and storing, receiving requests (Ampra) from the pharmacy depot, and delivering goods to the depot. The research findings indicate that the drug storage process in the pharmacy warehouse does not meet standards, and there are still activities that do not add value (non-value added). In the receiving activity, the composition of value-added compared to non-value-added is 60%:40%. Meanwhile, in the process of receiving requests (Ampra) from the depot to the delivery of requested goods, the composition of value-added compared to non-value-added is 30%:70%. This indicates that the current warehouse storage system is not in a lean condition. The waste that occurs includes overproduction/duplication (rework), delay/waiting, excessive transportation, inefficient processes, excessive inventories, unnecessary motions, defects/error transactions, and human potential/defective design. To reduce these wastes, implementation is carried out using lean tools such as 5S (sort, set in order, shine, standardize, sustain), visual management, kanban, error proofing, and kaizen. After the intervention, the future state mapping results showed a signifikan decrease in the process from receiving goods to storing them, with the Value Stream Map (VSM) calculation indicating a composition of value added compared to non-value added at 73%:27%. Meanwhile, in the process of receiving requested goods from the depot to delivering them, the composition of value added compared to non-value added was found to be 38%:62%. The conclusion of this study is that Lean Hospital is an appropriate method or tool to reduce non-value-added aspects by minimizing waste and enhancing value for patients. The researcher's recommendation is to encourage the hospital to continue as an initial step in continuous improvement, which should be accompanied by meeting the needs of human resources (HR) and supporting facilities
B-2427
Depok : FKM-UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Wina Al Syifa; Pembimbing: Ella Nurlaella Hadi; Penguji: Dian Ayubi, Rita Damayanti, Mimi Mariani Lusli, Noridha Weningsari
Abstrak:
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Perempuan disabilitas merupakan kelompok yang rentan untuk mengalami kekerasan seksual akibat kondisi disabilitas dan stigma di masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui stigma dan coping strategy perempuan disabilitas penyintas kekerasan seksual di ranah personal dengan menggunakan Transactional Stress and Coping Model Lazarus & Folkman (1984) di HWDI Jakarta tahun 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, desain studi kasus pada 4 orang perempuan disabilitas penyintas kekerasan seksual dan 8 informan kunci dari keluarga penyintas, Dinas Kesehatan DKI Jakarta, UPT Pusat Perlindungan Perempuan dan Anak DKI Jakarta serta konselor HWDI Jakarta. Pengumpulan data dengan wawancara mendalam dilakukan pada bulan Mei-Juli 2023 dan dianalisis secara konten. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas penyintas merasa tidak berdaya, tidak berharga, tidak percaya diri, menarik diri dari lingkungan hingga berpikir untuk bunuh diri. Meski telah mengantisipasi stigma dengan menyembunyikan kekerasan seksual yang dialami, semua penyintas tetap menerima stigma hingga diskriminasi karena kekerasan dan kondisi disabilitas yang dialami. Mayoritas penyintas mendapatkan dukungan keluarga dan komunitas. Pada jenis problem-foused coping, umumnya penyintas mencari bantuan ke keluarga dan/atau profesional, sedangkan emotion-focused coping, mayoritas penyintas berolahraga dan beribadah untuk mengelola emosi, hanya sebagian penyintas mengembangkan humor dan pemaknaan positif. Untuk itu, pemerintah perlu melakukan sosialisasi kepada lembaga yang menangani kasus kekerasan terkait kebijakan dan hak disabilitas, cara pelaporan dan penanganan kasus. Sosialisasi kepada masyarakat terkait stigma dan kekerasan seksual diperlukan untuk melindungi dan memenuhi hak perempuan disabilitas.
Women with disabilities are one amongst the groups who are vulnerable to become the target of sexual violence due to their condition and stigma from the public. This research aims to uncover the stigma and coping strategy of women with disabilities who survived personal sexual violence using the Transactional Stress and Coping Model proposed by Lazarus & Folkman (1984) at Indonesian Women with Disabilities Organization (HWDI) Jakarta in 2023. This research uses a qualitative approach with a study case design on 4 women with disabilities who survived sexual violence and 8 key informants which consists of the survivors' families, Jakarta Health Agency, Technical Implementation Unit (UPT) of the Women and Children Protection Centre in Jakarta as well as the counselor of HWDI Jakarta. The data are collected through in-depth interview which was conducted in May-July 2023 and are being analyzed using content analysis. The result shows that the majority of the survivors feel a sense of helplessness, unworthiness, lack of self confidence, forfeit themselves from the society to the extent of even having suicidal thoughts. Even after anticipating the stigma by hiding the sexual violence they have experienced, all of the survivors still received the stigma and discrimination due to the violence and disability condition that they are in. The majority of the survivors received support from their families and community. On the problem-focused coping type, the survivors are generally seeking help to their families and/or professionals, while on the emotion-focused coping, the majority of the survivors do exercises and pray to process their emotions, only a number of survivors develop a sense of humor and positive mindset. Therefore, the government needs to provide and hold socialization to agencies that handle violence concerning the policy and the rights of people with disabilities, how to report and handle cases regarding the issue. Socialization to the public about stigma and sexual violence is also urgent in order to protect and fulfill the rights of women with disabilities
T-6807
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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