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Afrah; Permbimbing: Siti Arifah Pujonarti; Penguji: Triyanti, Ika Permatasari
Abstrak:
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Beban ganda malnutrisi overweight/obesitas dan anemia adalah koeksistensi kekurangan gizi (anemia defisiensi besi) bersama dengan kelebihan berat badan atau obesitas di dalam satu individu. Remaja overweight/obesitas berisiko mengalami penyakit tidak menular, menurunkan fungsi kognitif, menjadi malas, serta kurang aktif yang akan menambah beban kesehatan dan beban ekonomi sosial kedepannya. Remaja anemia defisiensi besi berisiko mengalami hasil kehamilan buruk (berat badan lahir rendah, prematuritas, kematian neonatal dan bayi) dan produktivitas kerja yang rendah dan prestasi belajar yang rendah. Individu dengan obesitas menyerap lebih sedikit besi daripada individu dengan IMT normal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi, faktor-faktor yang berhubungan, dan faktor dominan kejadian beban ganda malnutrisi overweight/obesitas dan anemia intraindividu pada remaja usia 10-19 tahun di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross sectional dengan menggunakan data Riskesdas 2018. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat, analisis bivariat menggunakan chi square dan regresi logistic sederhana, dan analisis multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik berganda. Hasil menunjukan bahwa prevalensi beban ganda malnutrisi overweight/obesitas dan anemia pada remaja adalah 2,9%. Analisis bivariat juga menunjukan adanya hubungan antara jenis kelamin, wilayah tempat tinggal, tingkat Pendidikan ayah dan ibu dengan beban ganda (p-value < 0,05). Analisis multivariat menunjukan bahwa jenis kelamin perempuan merupakan faktor dominan kejadian beban ganda ini (p-value=0,000; OR: 1,931; 95% CI: 1,4-2,6). Bagi remaja perempuan sebaiknya rutin melakukan pengukuran Hb agar anemia terdeteksi. Dapat juga dibuatkan program pemeriksaan Hb rutin pada UKS sekolah, dengan begitu konsumsi TTD juga bisa terkontrol. Bagi remaja yang tinggal di wilayah perkotaan yang lebih berisiko karena kondisi remaja di wilayah perkotaan lebih banyak konsumsi makanan tinggi lemak dan padat energi, perlu lebih memerhatikan makanan yang dikonsumsi. Bagi Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, bisa menggunakan metode 24h recall untuk variable konsumsi agar dapat lebih menggambarkan konsumsi responden.
The double burden of overweight/obesity malnutrition and anemia is the coexistence of malnutrition (iron deficiency anemia) together with being overweight or obese within a single individual. Overweight/obese adolescents are at risk of experiencing non-communicable diseases, decreasing cognitive function, becoming lazy, and inactive which will add to the health burden and social-economic burden in the future. Adolescents with iron deficiency anemia are at risk of experiencing poor pregnancy outcomes (low birth weight, prematurity, neonatal and infant mortality) and low work productivity and low academic achievement. Individuals with obesity absorb less iron than individuals with normal BMI. This study aims to determine the prevalence, associated factors, and dominant factors in the double burden of malnutrition overweight/obesity and intraindividual anemia among adolescents aged 10-19 years in Indonesia. This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design using Riskesdas 2018 data. The data analysis used was univariate analysis, bivariate analysis using chi square and simple logistic regression, and multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression. The results show that the prevalence of the double burden of malnutrition, overweight/obesity and anemia in adolescents is 2.9%. Bivariate analysis also showed that there was a relationship between gender, area of residence, educational level of fathers and mothers with a double burden (p-value <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that female gender was the dominant factor for this double burden (p-value=0.000; OR: 1.931; 95% CI: 1.4- 2.6). For teenage girls, it is better to routinely measure Hb so that anemia can be detected. A program for routine Hb checks can also be made at school health unit, so that the consumption of iron supplements can also be recorded. For adolescents who live in urban areas who are more at risk because population in urban areas consumes more high-fat and energy-dense foods, it is necessary to pay more attention to the food consumed. For the Health Research and Development Agency, the 24h recall method can be used for the consumption variable in order to better describe the respondent's consumption.
S-11399
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Muhammad Harist Syahirul A'en; Pembimbing: Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono; Penguji: Trisari Anggondowati, Ika Permatasari
Abstrak:
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Latar belakang: Anemia masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Prevalensi anemia pada remaja di Indonesia mencapai 32%. Jawa Barat memiliki prevalensi anemia yang tinggi mencapai 41.93%. Prevalensi anemia di Purwakarta bahkan mencapai 51%. Hal ini menunjukkan anemia masih menjadi permasalahan gizi, khususnya pada remaja. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pesan gizi berbasis game Nutrition Impact terhadap perubahan perilaku terkait anemia pada remaja sekolah menengah pertama di Purwakarta tahun 2023. Metode: Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimental dengan metode kuantitatif menggunakan data primer yang dikumpulkan dari 130 responden. Hasil: Terdapat peningkatan rata-rata nilai pengetahuan yang lebih tinggi pada kelompok intervensi dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Peningkatan rata-rata pada kedua kelompok penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan secara statistik. Artinya tidak ada perbedaan pengetahuan pada kedua kelompok penelitian. Terjadi perubahan pola makan ditinjau dari jumlah responden yang mengonsumsi bahan makanan tertentu dan asupan zat gizi, seperti protein, zat besi, dan vitamin C. Ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada kelompok intervensi untuk bahan makanan inhibitor zat besi. Artinya ada sedikit perbedaan perubahan pola makan antara kelompok intervensi dengan kelompok kontrol. Pada kelompok intervensi, terdapat hubungan antara jenis kelamin dan ketersediaan promosi kesehatan dengan nilai pengetahuan pada saat pre-test dan post-test. Pada kelompok kontrol, terdapat hubungan antara pekerjaan ayah dan ketersediaan promosi kesehatan dengan nilai pengetahuan pada saat pre-test dan post-test. Selain itu, pada kelompok kontrol juga didapatkan hubungan antara dukungan guru dengan nilai pengetahuan pada saat pre-test. Kesimpulan: Intervensi menggunakan game digital memberikan pengaruh positif dalam mengubah perilaku terkait anemia pada remaja (peningkatan pengetahuan dan perubahan pola makan).
Background: Anemia is still a public health problem in Indonesia. The prevalence of anemia in adolescents in Indonesia reaches 32%. West Java has a high prevalence of anemia reaching 41.93%. The prevalence of anemia in Purwakarta even reaches 51%. This shows anemia is still a nutritional problem, especially in adolescents. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of providing nutritional messages based on the Nutrition Impact game on behavior changes related to anemia in junior high school adolescents in Purwakarta in 2023. Methods: The method used in this research is quasi-experimental with quantitative methods using primary data collected from 130 respondents. Results: There was an increase in the average value of knowledge which is higher in the intervention group than in the control group. The average increase in the two study groups showed a statistically significant difference. This means there is no difference in knowledge between the two research groups. There was a change in eating patterns regarding the number of respondents who consumed certain food ingredients and their intake of nutrients, such as protein, iron, and vitamin C. There was a significant difference in the intervention group for iron inhibitor foods. This means there is little difference in changes in eating patterns between the intervention group and the control group. In the intervention group, there was a relationship between gender and the availability of health promotion with the value of knowledge during the pre-test and post-test. In the control group, there is a relationship between the father's occupation and the availability of health promotion with the value of knowledge during the pre-test and post-test. In addition, the control group also found a relationship between teacher support and knowledge scores during the pre-test. Conclusion: Interventions using digital games have a positive effect on changing anemia-related behavior in adolescents (increasing knowledge and changing eating patterns).
S-11255
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Putri Diyah Patni; Pembimbing: Dien Anshari; Penguji: Hadi Pratomo, Evi Martha, Zakiah, Ika Permatasari
Abstrak:
Salah satu akibat dari pandemi Covid-19 adalah meningkatnya angka kemiskinan dan jumlah Penyandang Masalah Kesejahteraan Sosial (PMKS) di Jakarta salah satunya adalah anak jalanan. Kondisi mereka yang bebas menyebabkan mereka lebih rentan terhadap perilaku seksual yang berisiko. Hal tersebut dapat meningkatkan jumlah angka penyebaran IMS, HIV kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan dan aborsi yang tidak aman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku seksual berisiko pada anak jalanan di rumah singgah X wilayah Jakarta Utara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional yang dilakukan di rumah singgah X wilayah Jakarta Utara. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara pengisian kuesioner kepada 130 anak jalanan yang ada di rumah singgah X wilayah Jakarta Utara. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji regresi logistic sederhana dan regeresi logistic ganda. Hasil penelitian menemukan 22.3% anak jalanan memiliki perilaku seksual berisiko yaitu pernah melakukan hubungan seksual sebelum menikah. Variabel keterpaparan media pornografi (p=0.040) dan peran teman sebaya (p=0.041) dengan p-value <0.05 dinyatakan berhubungan signifikan dengan perilaku seksual berisiko pada anak jalanan. Keterpaparan media pornografi menjadi variabel yang paling dominan dalam mempengaruhi perilaku seksual berisiko pada anak jalanan. Kolaborasi antar berbagai Lembaga terkait dalam menjalankan atau mengembangkan program terkait kesehatan reproduksi pada anak jalanan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan terhadap pentingnya menjaga kesehatan reproduksi dan meningkatkan kesadaran, sehingga dapat mengurangi perilaku seksual berisiko pada anak jalanan.
One of the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic is the increasing number of poverty and the number of PMKS in Jakarta, one of which is street children. Their free condition makes them more susceptible to risky sexual behavior. This colud increase the number of spread of STIs, HIV, unwanted pregnancies and unsafe abortions. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with risky sexual behavior in street children in the X halfway house in North Jakarta. This research is a quantitative study with a cross sectional design which was carried out at the X halfway house in North Jakarta. Data was collected by filling out questionnaires to 130 street children in the X shelter in North Jakarta. Data were analyzed using simple logistic regression and multiple logistic regression. The results of the study found that 22.3% of street children had risky sexual behavior, namely having had sexual relations before marriage. The variabels of pornographic media exposure (p=0.040) and the role of peers (p=0.041) with p-value <0.05 were stated to be significantly related to risky sexual behavior in street children. Exposure to pornographic media is the most dominant variabel in influencing risky sexual behavior in street children. Collaboration between various related institutions in running or developing programs related to reproductive health in street children can increase knowledge about the importance of maintaining reproductive health and increase awareness, so as to reduce risky sexual behavior in street children.
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One of the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic is the increasing number of poverty and the number of PMKS in Jakarta, one of which is street children. Their free condition makes them more susceptible to risky sexual behavior. This colud increase the number of spread of STIs, HIV, unwanted pregnancies and unsafe abortions. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with risky sexual behavior in street children in the X halfway house in North Jakarta. This research is a quantitative study with a cross sectional design which was carried out at the X halfway house in North Jakarta. Data was collected by filling out questionnaires to 130 street children in the X shelter in North Jakarta. Data were analyzed using simple logistic regression and multiple logistic regression. The results of the study found that 22.3% of street children had risky sexual behavior, namely having had sexual relations before marriage. The variabels of pornographic media exposure (p=0.040) and the role of peers (p=0.041) with p-value <0.05 were stated to be significantly related to risky sexual behavior in street children. Exposure to pornographic media is the most dominant variabel in influencing risky sexual behavior in street children. Collaboration between various related institutions in running or developing programs related to reproductive health in street children can increase knowledge about the importance of maintaining reproductive health and increase awareness, so as to reduce risky sexual behavior in street children.
T-6582
Depok : FKM UI, 2022
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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