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Nita Merzalia; Pembimbing: Ahmad Syafiq; Penguji: Sandra Fikawati, Tria Astika Endah Permatasari, Yuliyana
Abstrak:
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Bayi merupakan bagian dari anak dimana Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) dijadikan sebagai salah satu indikator yang dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui derajat kesehatan masyarakat, mengukur tingkat perekonomian dan sosial pada suatu wilayah. Mereka adalah aset yang akan menjadi generasi penerus bangsa. Untuk menghasilkan anak yang berkualitas, tentunya mereka harus dipelihara secara optimal dari sejak dalam kandungan. Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR) merupakan bayi yang baru lahir dengan berat badan < 2500 gram tanpa memandang usia kehamilan. BBLR berdampak dalam jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang yang dapat menyebabkan morbiditas dan mortalitas bagi bayi tersebut. Prevalensi BBLR di Indonesia menurut WHO berkisar 5-10% dan menyebabkan 60-80% kematian bayi dengan risiko kematian meningkat 20 kali lipat dibandingkan bayi dengan berat badan lahir normal. Berdasarkan hasil SSGI tahun 2021, proporsi kejadian BBLR di Indonesia sebesar 6,6%. Untuk wilayah Sumatera, Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung memiliki proporsi BBLR di atas angka nasional (7,5%). Sedangkan se-Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung, Kabupaten Belitung memiliki prevalensi tertinggi selama 3 (tiga) tahun berturut-turut, yaitu tahun 2020-2022 (berkisar 6,59%-7,69%) dan masih berada di atas target Indikator Kinerja Gizi Masyarakat tahun 2022 yang ditetapkan dari Kementerian Kesehatan RI sebesar 3,8%. Selain itu, BBLR juga merupakan faktor penyumbang angka kematian neonatus terbesar di Kabupaten Belitung dalam rentang waktu tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui determinan kejadian BBLR di Kabupaten Belitung tahun 2022 dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional dan total 310 sampel berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang berasal dari kohort ibu tahun 2022 dengan kejadian BBLR sebagai variabel dependen dan variabel independen terdiri dari : faktor ibu (umur ibu, paritas, jarak kehamilan), faktor kehamilan (komplikasi kehamilan dan umur kehamilan), faktor gizi (penambahan berat badan selama hamil, kadar Hb, risiko KEK) dan faktor layanan ANC (jumlah kunjungan ANC, kualitas layanan ANC, komposit pelayanan ANC). Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji kai kuadrat dan analisis multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi kejadian BBLR di kabupaten Belitung sebesar 10,6%. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara umur ibu, jarak kehamilan, penambahan berat badan selama hamil, kadar Hb, risiko KEK, komplikasi kehamilan, umur kehamilan, jumlah kunjungan ANC dan kualitas layanan ANC dengan kejadian BBLR. Variabel yang paling dominan terhadap kejadian BBLR adalah umur kehamilan dan komplikasi kehamilan.
Babies are part of children where the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) is used as an indicator that can be used to determine the level of public health, measure the economic and social level in an area. They are assets who will become the nation's next generation, so their quality of life must be a priority. To produce quality children, of course children must be cared for optimally from the time they are in the womb. Low Birth Weight (LBW)is a newborn baby with a body weight < 2500 grams regardless of gestational age. LBW has short-term and long-term impacts that can cause morbidity and mortality for the baby. The prevalence of LBW in Indonesia according to WHO is around 5-10% and causes 60-80% of infant deaths with the risk of death increasing 20 times compared to babies with normal birth weight. Based on the 2021 SSGI results, the proportion of LBW incidents in Indonesia is 6.6%. For the Sumatra region, the Bangka Belitung Islands Province has a LBW proportion above the national figure (7.5%). Meanwhile, in the Bangka Belitung Islands province, Belitung Regency has the highest prevalence for 3 (three) consecutive years, namely 2020-2022 (range 6.59%-7.69%) and is still above the Community Nutrition Performance Indicator target in 2022 set by the Indonesian Ministry of Health at 3.8%. Apart from that, LBW is also a contributing factor to the largest neonatal mortality rate in Belitung Regency in that time period. StudyThis aims to determine the determinants of the incidence of LBW in Belitung Regency in 2022 with a cross-sectional research design and a total of 310 samples based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. This study uses primary data originating from the 2022 cohort of mothers with the incidence of LBW as the dependent variable and independent variables consisting of: maternal factors (maternal age, parity, pregnancy interval), pregnancy factors (pregnancy complications and gestational age), nutritional factors (additional weight during pregnancy, Hb levels, risk of CED) and ANC service factors (number of ANC visits, ANC service quality, ANC service composite). Bivariate analysis uses the chi-square test and multivariate analysis uses the multiple logistic regression test. The research results show that the prevalence of LBW in Belitung district is 10.6%. Bivariate analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between maternal age, pregnancy spacing, weight gain during pregnancy, Hb levels, risk of CED, pregnancy complications, gestational age, number of ANC visits and quality of ANC services with the incidence of LBW. The most dominant variables in the incidence of LBW are gestational age and pregnancy complications.
T-7028
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Isnaini Rahmah; Pembimbing: Yovsyah; Penguji: Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono, Ni Putu Yuliyana Dewi
Abstrak:
Prevalensi Obesitas di Provinsi DKI Jakarta selalu berada diatas angka Nasional pada setiap kelompok usia setiap tahunnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi frekuensi obesitas dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan obesitas pada peserta Posbindu PTM usia 15-64 tahun. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder, jumlah sampel 20161. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi potong lintang (cross sectional). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Prevalensi obesitas pada penelitian ini adalah 57,1% yang merupakan prevalensi kasar. Hubungan asosiasi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara variabel usia, jenis kelamin, status pernikahan, aktivitas fisik, konsumsi buah dan sayur, status merokok dengan kejadian obesitas pada peserta Posbindu PTM. Dimana peserta yang lebih beresiko memiliki usia diantara 24-44 tahun (PR 1,92; 95% CI 1,39-2,64), jenis kelamin perempuan (PR 1,27; 95% CI 1,19-1,34), status pernikahan sudah menikah (PR 1,46; 95% CI 1,22-1,75), kurang aktifitas fisik (PR 0,94; 95% CI 0,089-0,99), kurang konsumsi sayur dan buah (PR 1,06; 95% CI 1,00-1,12), dan yang memiliki kebiasaan merokok (PR 0,77; 95% CI 0,71-0,83). Penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi pertimbangan dalam pengembangan pada program Posbindu PTM sebagai upaya menurunkan angka obesitas di Provinsi DKI Jakarta.
Kata kunci: Obesitas, Posbindu PTM, DKI Jakarta
Prevalence of obesity in DKI Jakarta Province is always above the national rate in every age group every year. This study aims to determine the frequency distribution of obesity and factors associated with obesity in participants Posbindu PTM age 15-64 years. The data used is secondary data, sample size 20161. This research is a quantitative research with cross sectional study design. The results of this study showed that the prevalence of obesity in this study was 57.1% which is a rough prevalence. The association relationship shows that there is a significant correlation between age variable, sex, marital status, physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, smoking status with obesity occurrence at Posbindu PTM participants. Where participants were more at risk of having age between 24-44 years (PR 1.92, 95% CI 1.39 to 2.64), female sex (PR 1.27, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.34) , married (PR 1.46, 95% CI 1.22-1.75), lack of physical activity (PR 0.94, 95% CI 0.089-0.99), lack of consumption of vegetables and fruits (PR 1 , 06; 95% CI 1.00 to 1.12), and who had a smoking habit (PR 0.77; 95% CI 0.71-0.83). This research is expected to be a consideration in the development of Posbindu PTM program as an effort to reduce obesity rate in DKI Jakarta Province.
Keywords: Obesity, Posbindu PTM, DKI Jakarta
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Kata kunci: Obesitas, Posbindu PTM, DKI Jakarta
Prevalence of obesity in DKI Jakarta Province is always above the national rate in every age group every year. This study aims to determine the frequency distribution of obesity and factors associated with obesity in participants Posbindu PTM age 15-64 years. The data used is secondary data, sample size 20161. This research is a quantitative research with cross sectional study design. The results of this study showed that the prevalence of obesity in this study was 57.1% which is a rough prevalence. The association relationship shows that there is a significant correlation between age variable, sex, marital status, physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, smoking status with obesity occurrence at Posbindu PTM participants. Where participants were more at risk of having age between 24-44 years (PR 1.92, 95% CI 1.39 to 2.64), female sex (PR 1.27, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.34) , married (PR 1.46, 95% CI 1.22-1.75), lack of physical activity (PR 0.94, 95% CI 0.089-0.99), lack of consumption of vegetables and fruits (PR 1 , 06; 95% CI 1.00 to 1.12), and who had a smoking habit (PR 0.77; 95% CI 0.71-0.83). This research is expected to be a consideration in the development of Posbindu PTM program as an effort to reduce obesity rate in DKI Jakarta Province.
Keywords: Obesity, Posbindu PTM, DKI Jakarta
S-9829
Depok : FKM UI, 2018
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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