Kinerja pegawai merupakan faktor penting dalam menentukan mutu layanan rumah sakit. RSIA SamMarie Wijaya, sebagai penyedia layanan kesehatan ibu dan anak, berupaya menjaga standar kualitas pelayanan melalui sistem penilaian kinerja. Namun berdasarkan informasi penilaian kinerja di RSIA SamMarie Wijaya belum pernah dilakukan evaluasi sehingga tidak diketahui sejauh mana efektivitas sistem penilaian kinerja yang ada saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sistem penilaian kinerja pegawai menggunakan pendekatan Input-Process-Output (IPO). Penelitian dilakukan secara kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen dengan informan kunci seperti wakil direktur, staf SDM dan pegawai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya ketidaksesuaian antara SPO dan praktik di lapangan, belum adanya self-assessment, indikator penilaian terlalu umum, dan belum optimalnya penggunaan hasil penilaian kinerja. Disarankan agar dilakukan pembaruan SPO, penyusunan indikator yang lebih spesifik, pelibatan pegawai melalui self-assessment untuk meningkatkan kredibilitas sistem penilaian dan mengintegrasi hasil penilaian dengan sitem reward dan pelatihan.

Employee performance is a crucial factor in determining the quality of hospital services. SamMarie Wijaya Mother and Child Hospital (RSIA SamMarie Wijaya), as a provider of maternal and child healthcare services, strives to maintain service quality standards through a performance appraisal system. However, based on available information, the performance appraisal system at RSIA SamMarie Wijaya has never been formally evaluated, making the effectiveness of the current system unknown. This study aims to evaluate the employee performance appraisal system using the Input-Process-Output (IPO) approach. The research was conducted qualitatively through in-depth interviews and document reviews with key informants such as the deputy director, HR staff, and employees. The results show discrepancies between standard operating procedures (SOPs) and actual practices, the absence of self-assessment, overly general performance indicators, and suboptimal utilization of performance appraisal results. It is recommended to revise the SOPs, develop more specific indicators, involve employees through self-assessment to enhance the credibility of the appraisal system, and integrate the results with reward and training systems.

Latar Belakang: Ketidakpuasan pasien terhadap waktu tunggu yang lama merupakan salah satu akibat dari kurang efisiennya sistem pelayanan yang dilakukan. Waktu tunggu yang lama memiliki korelasi yang signifikan dengan tingkat kepuasan pasien.Menunggu yang terlalu lama dapat menimbulkan rasa bosan dan kejenuhan yang akan mengurangi kepuasan terhadap pelayanan yang diberikan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis waktu tunggu dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan waktu tunggu pelayanan resep di Instalasi Farmasi Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit Hermina Depok. Metodologi Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data waktu dan resep dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui observasi waktu tunggu dalam alur pelayanan resep dan wawancara petugas di instalasi farmasi rawat jalan. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu tunggu resep obat non racikan (obat paten) masih belum sesuai dengan standar waktu yang telah ditetapkan dikarenakan banyaknya jumlah item obat yang ada dalam setiap resep non racikan. Sering terjadi penumpukan resep di dan penumpukkan keranjang obat yang selesai dikemas. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan waktu tunggu pelayanan resep dalam penelitian ini yaitu status pasien, jenis resep, jumlah item obat, shift, SDM. Distribusi SDM dalam setiap shift yang belum sesuai menyebabkan lamanya waktu tunggu pelayanan resep dalam setiap alur pelayanan resep. Faktor yang paling dominan dalam waktu tunggu pelayanan resep adalah SDM. Distribusi SDM yang sesuai dalam setiap shift terutama dalam hari ramai dapat memperbaiki waktu tunggu yang lama.

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Background: Patient dissatisfaction with long waiting times is one consequence of an inefficient service delivery system. Long waiting times have a significant correlation with patient satisfaction levels. Excessive waiting can lead to boredom and fatigue, which diminishes satisfaction with the provided services. Objective: This study aims to analyze waiting times and the factors associated with prescription service waiting times at the Outpatient Pharmacy Installation of Hermina General Hospital Depok. Research Methodology: This study employs both quantitative and qualitative methods. Data on waiting times and prescriptions were collected through observations of prescription service workflows and officer interview in the outpatient pharmacy. Results: The findings indicate that the waiting time for non-compounded (patent) drug prescriptions still does not meet the established standard due to the high number of drug items per prescription. Prescription backlogs and delays in dispensing completed medications frequently occur. Factors related to prescription service waiting times in this study include patient status, prescription type, number of drug items, shift schedules, and human resources. Inefficient human resources distribution across shifts contributes to prolonged waiting times in each prescription service workflow. The most dominant factor affecting prescription service waiting times is human resources . Proper human resources allocation across shifts, particularly during peak days, can help reduce excessive waiting times.

Implementasi sistem resep elektronik merupakan bagian dari digitalisasi layanan kesehatan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan kualitas pelayanan. Penelitian ini menganalisis implementasi resep elektronik di RS Izza Karawang tahun  2025 menggunakan kerangka HOT-Fit. Fokus analisis mencakup gambaran implementasi resep elektronik berdasarkan aspek human, organization, technology , dan net benefit, serta hubungan antara ketiga aspek HOT terhadap pencapaian net benefit. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mix-method dengan desain sequential explanatory, data kuantitatif dilakukan  survei terhadap 71 responden pengguna sistem dan dilakukan analisis dengan metode partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) sedangkan data kualitatif diperoleh dengan wawancara semi terstruktur terhadap 6 informan dan dianalisis dengan metode analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan antara variabel human, organization, dan technology terhadap net benefit (p<0,05). Secara kualitatif, teridentifikasi bahwa implementasi sistem resep elektronik di RS Izza Karawang sudah berjalan cukup baik. Keberhasilan implementasi sistem resep elektronik ditentukan oleh sinergi antara teknologi yang andal, dukungan organisasi yang kuat, pengguna yang siap dan puas, serta hasil nyata berupa manfaat sistem. Namun masih terdapatnya kendala seperti kurang optimalnya fitur sistem dan kebutuhan akan pelatihan berkelanjutan. Disarankan agar rumah sakit meningkatkan kapasitas pengguna, memperkuat dukungan organisasi serta mengembangkan infrastruktur teknologi guna mendukung keberlanjutan sistem. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa kerangka HOT-Fit efektif dalam menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keberhasilan implementasi resep elektronik.

The implementation of an electronic prescription system is part of the digitalization of health services that aims to improve the efficiency and quality of service. This study analyzes the implementation of electronic prescriptions at Izza Karawang Hospital in 2025 using the HOT-Fit framework. The focus of the analysis includes an overview of the implementation of electronic prescriptions based on human, organizational, technological, and net benefit aspects, as well as the relationship between the three HOT aspects to achieving net benefits.This study uses a mix-method approach with a sequential explanatory design, quantitatively were surveyed on 71 respondents who used  the system and analyzed using the partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method while qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with 6 informants and analyzed using thematic analyzis method. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between human, organization, and technology variables on net benefits (p<0,05). Qualitatively, it was identified that the implementation of the electronic prescription systen at Izza Karawang Hospital had been running quite well. The succes of the implementionof the electronic prescription system is determined by the synergy between reliable technology, strong organizational support, ready and satisfied users, and real results in the form of system benefits. However, there are still obstacles such as less than optimal system features and the need for ongoing training. This study also shows that the HOT-Fit framework is effective in explaining factors that influence the succes of e-prescription implementation. 

Pengendalian persediaan obat merupakan komponen penting dalam manajemen logistik farmasi rumah sakit karena berpengaruh langsung terhadap kesinambungan pelayanan, keselamatan pasien, serta efisiensi penggunaan anggaran. RSUP Persahabatan sebagai rumah sakit rujukan nasional mengelola jumlah item obat yang besar dengan kebutuhan klinis yang beragam. Dalam pelaksanaannya, Instalasi Farmasi masih menghadapi permasalahan berupa tingginya kejadian kekosongan obat (stock out) dan adanya penumpukan obat (stagnant stock), termasuk pada obat dengan nilai investasi tinggi. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa sistem pengendalian persediaan yang berjalan belum sepenuhnya efektif dan adaptif terhadap dinamika kebutuhan pelayanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas pengendalian persediaan stok farmasi dalam mengurangi kejadian stock out dan stagnant stock di Instalasi Farmasi RSUP Persahabatan dengan menggunakan pendekatan Operational Research. Penelitian menggunakan desain mixed methods dengan pendekatan sequential explanatory. Data kuantitatif diperoleh dari seluruh item obat yang tercatat dalam sistem persediaan selama periode Mei–Oktober 2025 sebanyak 2.291 item. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan metode ABC–VEN untuk menentukan prioritas obat, serta model Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) dan Reorder Point (ROP) sebagai alat bantu pengambilan keputusan dalam pengendalian persediaan. Data kualitatif diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dengan informan kunci untuk mengidentifikasi faktor internal dan eksternal yang memengaruhi pengendalian stok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari total 2.291 item obat yang dikelola, terdapat 131 item obat Pareto A dengan nilai investasi bulan Oktober 2025 sebesar Rp6.788.411.815. Pada kelompok Pareto A masih ditemukan 211 item obat stagnant sebesar Rp444.994.656 (6,56%) serta kejadian stock out sebesar 20,4%. Perhitungan EOQ dan ROP menunjukkan adanya variasi antar item obat, sehingga pengendalian persediaan tidak dapat diterapkan secara seragam. Simulasi berbasis what-if analysis menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pengendalian persediaan terintegrasi berbasis ABC–VEN, EOQ, dan ROP berpotensi meningkatkan efektivitas pengendalian stok, efisiensi anggaran farmasi, serta kesinambungan pelayanan kesehatan di rumah sakit

Drug inventory control is an essential component of hospital pharmaceutical logistics management because it directly affects service continuity, patient safety, and the efficiency of budget utilization. RSUP Persahabatan, as a national referral hospital, manages a large number of drug items with diverse clinical needs. In its implementation, the Pharmacy Installation still faces problems in the form of a high incidence of drug shortages (stock out) and the accumulation of drugs (stagnant stock), including drugs with high investment value. This condition indicates that the existing inventory control system has not been fully effective and adaptive to the dynamics of service needs. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of pharmaceutical inventory control in reducing the incidence of stock out and stagnant stock in the Pharmacy Installation of RSUP Persahabatan using an Operational Research approach. The study employed a mixed methods design with a sequential explanatory approach. Quantitative data were obtained from all drug items recorded in the inventory system during the period of May–October 2025, totaling 2,291 items. The analysis was conducted using the ABC–VEN method to determine drug priorities, as well as the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) and Reorder Point (ROP) models as decision-support tools in inventory control. Qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews with key informants to identify internal and external factors influencing inventory control. The results show that of the 2,291 drug items managed, 131 items were classified as Pareto A, with an investment value of IDR 6,788,411,815 in October 2025. Within the Pareto A group, 211 stagnant items were identified with a total value of IDR 444,994,656 (6.56%), and stock-out events were observed in 20.4% of the items. The EOQ and ROP calculations revealed considerable variation among drug items, indicating that inventory control cannot be applied uniformly. A scenario-based what-if analysis suggests that the implementation of integrated inventory control using ABC–VEN, EOQ, and ROP has the potential to improve stock control effectiveness, pharmaceutical budget efficiency, and the continuity of healthcare services in the hospital.

Pelayanan farmasi rawat jalan merupakan salah satu komponen penting dalam penyelenggaraan pelayanan rumah sakit yang berperan dalam menjamin mutu pelayanan, keselamatan pasien, serta tingkat kepuasan pasien. Salah satu indikator mutu pelayanan farmasi adalah waktu tunggu pelayanan resep. Hasil pengamatan awal di Instalasi Farmasi Rawat Jalan Charitas Hospital Palembang menunjukkan bahwa waktu tunggu pelayanan resep, khususnya resep racikan, masih belum memenuhi Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM) yang ditetapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan Lean Hospital sebagai upaya meningkatkan efisiensi proses pelayanan dan menurunkan waktu tunggu pelayanan resep di Instalasi Farmasi Rawat Jalan Charitas Hospital Palembang. Penelitian ini merupakan studi operasional dengan pendekatan Lean Hospital. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi langsung terhadap alur pelayanan resep dan pengukuran waktu pada setiap tahapan pelayanan. Sebanyak 200 resep dianalisis, yang terdiri atas 152 resep obat jadi dan 48 resep racikan. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan Value Stream Mapping (VSM), identifikasi pemborosan (waste) berdasarkan prinsip Lean dan fishbone diagram, serta pengukuran efisiensi proses melalui perhitungan Value Added Ratio (VAR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kondisi current state, lead time pelayanan resep obat jadi mencapai 34,5 menit yang terdiri atas Value Added Time (VAT) sebesar 16,8 menit dan Non-Value Added Time (NVAT) sebesar 17,8 menit. Sementara itu, lead time pelayanan resep racikan mencapai 74,3 menit dengan VAT sebesar 45,4 menit dan NVAT sebesar 29,1 menit. Analisis waste menunjukkan bahwa jenis pemborosan yang paling dominan adalah waiting waste, yaitu sebesar 61,8% pada pelayanan resep obat jadi dan 53,61% pada pelayanan resep racikan, diikuti oleh overprocessing waste. Berdasarkan hasil analisis penyebab waste, dilakukan berbagai intervensi perbaikan Lean yang meliputi penambahan Tenaga Teknis Kefarmasian (TTK) pada shift pagi dan siang, pemanfaatan WhatsApp Blast sebagai media pemberitahuan real-time kepada pasien terkait penyelesaian obat, penguatan koordinasi dengan pihak provider asuransi, penyediaan hand blender dan alat pengisi kapsul untuk mendukung proses peracikan, implementasi prinsip 5S, optimalisasi tata letak ruang pelayanan, penerapan visual management, serta penyesuaian jadwal praktik dokter spesialis dan peningkatan kepatuhan terhadap jadwal pelayanan. Hasil future state mapping menunjukkan adanya peningkatan efisiensi proses pelayanan. Lead time pelayanan resep obat jadi menurun menjadi 20,3 menit atau berkurang sebesar 41,2%, sedangkan lead time pelayanan resep racikan menurun menjadi 52,9 menit atau berkurang sebesar 28,8%. Selain itu, nilai VAR pada resep obat jadi meningkat dari 48,7% menjadi 49,75%, sedangkan nilai VAR pada resep racikan meningkat dari 61,1% menjadi 62,75%. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan Lean Hospital mampu mengidentifikasi dan mengeliminasi aktivitas yang tidak memberikan nilai tambah sehingga meningkatkan efisiensi proses pelayanan farmasi dan menurunkan waktu tunggu pelayanan resep di Instalasi Farmasi Rawat Jalan Charitas Hospital Palembang.

Outpatient pharmacy services constitute an essential component of hospital healthcare delivery, playing a significant role in ensuring service quality, patient safety, and patient satisfaction. One of the key indicators of pharmacy service quality is prescription waiting time. Preliminary observations conducted at the Outpatient Pharmacy Department of Charitas Hospital Palembang indicated that prescription waiting times, particularly for compounded prescriptions, had not yet met the established Minimum Service Standards (MSS). This study aimed to analyze the implementation of Lean Hospital principles as an approach to improving service efficiency and reducing prescription waiting times at the Outpatient Pharmacy Department of Charitas Hospital Palembang. This study employed an operational research design using a Lean Hospital approach. Data were collected through direct observation of prescription service workflows and time measurements at each stage of the dispensing process. A total of 200 prescriptions were analyzed, comprising 152 non-compounded prescriptions and 48 compounded prescriptions. Data analysis was conducted using Value Stream Mapping (VSM), waste identification based on Lean principles and fishbone diagram analysis, as well as process efficiency assessment through the calculation of the Value Added Ratio (VAR). The findings revealed that, in the current state, the lead time for non-compounded prescriptions was 34.5 minutes, consisting of 16.8 minutes of Value Added Time (VAT) and 17.8 minutes of Non-Value Added Time (NVAT). Meanwhile, the lead time for compounded prescriptions was 74.3 minutes, comprising 45.4 minutes of VAT and 29,1 minutes of NVAT. Waste analysis demonstrated that waiting waste was the most dominant type of waste, accounting for 61.8% of total waste in non-compounded prescription services and 53.61% in compounded prescription services, followed by overprocessing waste. Based on the analysis of waste causes, several Lean improvement interventions were implemented, including the addition of pharmacy technicians during morning and afternoon shifts, the utilization of WhatsApp Blast as a real-time notification system to inform patients when medications were ready for collection, enhanced coordination with insurance providers, the provision of hand blenders and capsule-filling devices to support compounding activities, implementation of the 5S methodology, optimization of pharmacy layout, application of visual management techniques, and adjustment of specialist physicians’ practice schedules along with improved compliance with service schedules. The future state mapping demonstrated improved process efficiency. The lead time for non-compounded prescriptions decreased to 20.3 minutes, representing a 41.2% reduction, while the lead time for compounded prescriptions decreased to 52.9 minutes, representing a 28.8% reduction. Furthermore, the VAR for non-compounded prescriptions increased from 48.7% to 49.75%, whereas the VAR for compounded prescriptions increased from 61.1% to 62.75%. This study concludes that the implementation of Lean Hospital principles effectively identified and eliminated non-value-added activities, thereby improving pharmacy service efficiency and reducing prescription waiting times at the Outpatient Pharmacy Department of Charitas Hospital Palembang.

Latar belakang: Pelayanan kesehatan merupakan hak dasar masyarakat yang wajib diselenggarakan secara efektif dan efisien oleh rumah sakit, termasuk dalam hal pengelolaan persediaan farmasi. Rumah Sakit Kanker Dharmais sebagai Rumah Sakit Pusat Kanker Nasional memiliki tantangan dalam menjaga ketersediaan obat kanker yang bernilai tinggi dan berisiko kritis. Berdasarkan data capaian indikator Rasio Beban Persediaan Farmasi terhadap Pendapatan Operasional pada periode September–Desember 2024, diketahui bahwa nilai rasio tersebut tidak mencapai target yang ditetapkan Kementerian Kesehatan. Hal ini mengindikasikan perlunya evaluasi terhadap sistem pengendalian persediaan farmasi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas analisis ABC-VEN dalam pengendalian persediaan farmasi di RSK Dharmais. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain operational research dengan pendekatan campuran kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam kepada informan kunci serta data sekunder dari SIMRS dan laporan rumah sakit tahun 2024. Analisis dilakukan terhadap seluruh item obat yang termasuk dalam formularium rumah sakit. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pengelompokan ABC, kelompok A berdasarkan jumlah pemakaian terdiri dari 79 item (6,11%) yang menyumbang 69,93% nilai penggunaan, dan berdasarkan nilai investasi terdiri dari 107 item (8,27%) dengan kontribusi 69,97% dari total investasi. Kelompok obat esensial mendominasi dengan proporsi 79,60% (1.030 item), diikuti oleh kelompok non-esensial 11,90% dan vital 8,50%. Kombinasi analisis ABC-VEN menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar obat prioritas tinggi adalah obat kanker. Simulasi ITOR menunjukkan bahwa tingkat perputaran persediaan dapat ditingkatkan, sehingga manajemen stok menjadi lebih efisien dan adaptif terhadap kebutuhan klinis. Kesimpulan: Analisis ABC-VEN terbukti efektif dalam mengidentifikasi prioritas pengendalian dan optimalisasi pengelolaan obat kanker di RSK Dharmais, serta berkontribusi dalam peningkatan efisiensi logistik farmasi rumah sakit.Background: Healthcare services are a fundamental right of every citizen and must be delivered effectively and efficiently by hospitals, including the management of pharmaceutical inventories. Dharmais Cancer Hospital, as the National Cancer Center Hospital in Indonesia, faces significant challenges in ensuring the availability of high-cost and critically important cancer drugs. Based on the performance indicator of the Pharmaceutical Inventory Cost Ratio to Operational Revenue for the period of September to December 2024, it was found that the ratio consistently failed to meet the targets set by the Ministry of Health. This condition highlights the need for an evaluation of the pharmaceutical inventory control system. Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the ABC-VEN analysis in controlling pharmaceutical inventory at Dharmais Cancer Hospital. Method: This research employs an operational research design with a mixed-method approach, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative data. Primary data were collected through in-depth interviews with key informants, while secondary data were obtained from the Hospital Information Management System (SIMRS) and institutional reports from the year 2024. The analysis was conducted on all pharmaceutical items listed in the hospital formulary. Results: The results show that in the ABC classification, Class A drugs based on usage volume included 79 items (6.11%) which accounted for 69.93% of total drug usage value, while based on investment value, 107 items (8.27%) represented 69.97% of total inventory value. Essential drugs dominated the VEN classification with 79.60% (1,030 items), followed by non-essential drugs at 11.90% and vital drugs at 8.50%. The ABC-VEN matrix revealed that most high-priority drugs were cancer medications. ITOR simulation results indicated that inventory turnover could be significantly improved, leading to more efficient and responsive stock management aligned with real clinical needs. Conclusion: ABC-VEN analysis proved effective in identifying inventory control priorities and optimizing the management of cancer drugs at Dharmais Cancer Hospital, thereby enhancing pharmaceutical logistics efficiency.