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Kata kunci: Diare, balita
The highest incidence of diarrhea in Bogor occurred at Tanah Sarealdistrict where the condition of basic sanitation associated with high risk drinkingwater in Kelurahan Sukadamai and Kelurahan Mekarwangi which belong toPuskesmas Mekarwangi region. This study aims to analyze risks that affectedunderfive years children diarrhea in region of Puskesmas Mekarwangi, Bogor2014. This study used case control design with 120 controls and 120 cases. Theinformation collected by interviews, observation and laboratorium analyze ofdrinking water sample. Result that risk factors that affected diarrhea areEscherichia coli in drinking water (OR=2,61; 95% CI= 1,32-6,76), handwashingbehavior (OR=2,05; 95% CI= 1,18-3,57), hygiene sanitation of food and drink(OR=2,53; 95% CI= 1,46-4,39) and also knowledge of mother about diarrhea(OR=1,83; 95% CI= 1,01-3,31). It should be held an interventions direct orindirectly toward the residents, by printed media,e.g. poster, pamphlet, bulletin,xbanner etc.
Keyword: Diarrhea, underfive years children
Kata kunci : Diare pada balita, Faktor-faktor penyebab diare
Diarrhea is one cause of death in infants (31,4%) and children under the age of five years (25,2%). Approximately 162.000 children under the age of five death every year or 460 every day (Depkes) in Bogor incident rate of diarrhea increase every year from 2011-2013. in 2011 there are 21.687 case, in 2012 there are 22.625 case and in 2013 there are 24.187 case. this research have a purpose to determine risk factors associated with diarrhea incident in children under the age of five on working area Puskesmas north Bogor. this study use case control method with number of sample 46 people case and 46 control. Method of data collection by interview and observation. the results showed influence of risk factors with diarrhea incident. the risk factors have influence are Handwashing behaviour OR: 4,28(95% CI 1,587-11,575), Waste handling OR: 3,87 (95% CI 1,632-9,203), Source of clean water OR: 3,16 (95% CI 1,244-8,039), Availabilty of latrines OR: 4,52 (95% CI 1,845-11,081), Food hygiene and sanitation OR: 2,92 (95% CI 1,249-6,809), and Knowledge of parents OR: 2,66 (CI 95% 1,146- 6,198). Diarrhea prevention efforts by improving enviroment sanitation and providing education programs to increase public knowledge.
Key Words : Diarrhea in children under the age of five, Risk factors cause diarrhea
Diarrhea is an communicable disease and ranks the second cause of death for children under-five in the world. In Indonesia, especially West Java, which is an endemic area for diarrhea, Bogor is one of the districts with a fairly high prevalence of diarrhea in children under-five. Purwasari Community Health Center is a health center with the highest cases of diarrhea in children under-five in Bogor Regency. This study aims to analyze the risk factors (characteristics of children under-five, characteristics of mothers, and sanitation facilities) for the incidence of diarrhea in children under-five in the Purwasari Public Health Center, Bogor Regency in 2022. This study used a case-control research design with a sample of 53 cases and 53 controls. Data analysis was performed using chi-square test and logistic regression predictive model. The results showed that there was a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding (0,28; 0,11-0,67), measles immunization (0,18; 0,08-0,42), knowledge (0,16; 0,07-0,38), toddler stool disposal behavior (0,18; 0,07-0,46), and latrine facilities (0,32; 0,14-0,72) with the incidence of diarrhea in children under-five. The variable that is predicted to have the most influence on the occurrence of diarrhea under five in the working area of the Purwasari Health Center is the knowledge variable (9,76; 2,78 - 34,21).
KATA KUNCI : DIARE, FAKTOR RISIKO, KASUS KONTROL
THE NUMBER OF DIARRHEA SUFFERERS IN UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN IN THE WORKING AREA OF PUSKESMAS KECAMATAN MAKASAR INCREASED FROM 2014 TO 2016. KEBON PALA VILLAGE BECAME THE BIGGEST CONTRIBUTOR OF ALL DIARRHEA CASES. THE NUMBER OF DIARRHEA SUFFERERS IN THE WORK AREA OF KEBON PALA PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER IN 2014 AMOUNTED TO 182 CASES AND THEN INCREASED IN 2015 BY 251 CASES AND DECREASED IN 2016 BY 238 CASES. THIS STUDY AIMS TO DETERMINE THE RISK FACTORS OF DIARRHEA OCCURRENCE IN INFANTS IN THE WORKING AREA OF KEBON PALA PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER. THE CASE STUDY DESIGN WAS CASE CONTROL. THE CASE WAS DIARRHEA SUFFERER RECORDED IN THE PUSKESMAS REGISTER FOR THE LAST 14 DAYS WHILE THE STUDY TOOK PLACE AND THE CONTROL WAS NEIGHBORING CASE. THE NUMBER OF SAMPLES OF EACH CONTROL AND CASE ARE 60 RESPONDENTS. DATA WAS COLLECTED BY DIRECT INTERVIEW AND OBSERVATION USING QUESTIONNAIRE. THE QUESTIONNAIRE CONTAINS QUESTIONS ON HANDWASHING BEHAVIOR WITH SOAP, EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING, CLEAN WATER SOURCES, TOILET FACILITIES AND GARBAGE DISPOSAL FACILITIES. THE RESULTS OF THIS STUDY SHOWED THAT THERE WAS A SIGNIFICANT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HANDWASHING WITH SOAP (P 0.005, OR 5,107), EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING (P VALUE 0.005, OR 4.030), TOILET FACILITIES (P VALUE 0.022, OR 2,993) AND GARBAGE DISPOSAL FACILITIES NIALI P 0,003; OR 3,406) WITH THE INCIDENCE OF DIARRHEA IN INFANTS
KEY WORDS: DIARRHEA, RISK FACTORS, CASE CONTROL
Kata Kunci : Pneumonia, Balita, Faktor Risiko
Pneumonia has become one of the highest mortality contributors in the world and And West Java province ranks the first as the largest number of pneumonia that suffered children under five years. Puskesmas Bogor Utara(health center) is one of the areas that have quite a lot cases of pneumonia in children under five in 2016. This study aimed to determine the risk factors associated with the incidence of pneumonia in children under five in the In The Working Area Of Puskesmas Bogor Utara (Community Health Center). This study uses a case control study design with retrospect approach. The population in this study are all of children aged 12 month until 59 months who lived in the working area of Bogor Utara health center with using 94 respondents consisted of 47 cases and 47 people control.The results of this study indicate that there was a significant correlation between history of low birth weight (OR = 5,51; CI=1,96-15,48 ); nutritional status before illness (OR=5,06; CI=2,10-12,20), immunization history (OR= 4,24; 1,50-11,98), knowledge of mothers (OR=4,76; CI=1,58-14,32), a variable degree of Economics/family income (OR=9,44 ; CI= 3,57-24,93), housing crowdedness (OR=18,97; CI=5,80-62,03) and humidity levels (OR=5,02; CI=1,31-19,21) with the incidence of pneumonia among children under five in the region of Bogor Utara health center. The variable that predicted the most dominant cause of pneumonia is the housing crowdedness (OR=12,90; CI=3,26-50,98).Suggestion, minimum bedroom space is 8m2 and should not be used for more than two people, except children under 5 years old.
Key Words: Pneumonia, Children under five years old, Risk Factors
Angka kesakitan diare di Indonesia tahun 2003 diperkirakan sebesar 374 per 1.000 penduduk dan angka kesakjtan diare di Propinsi Jawa Barat tahun 1999 pada kelompok umur 1-4 tahun diperkirakan 188 per 1000 penduduk. Sedangkan angka kesakitan diare di Kabupaten Garut pada tahun 2004 diperkirakan 103 per 1000 penduduk. Kejadian diare di Puskesmas Cisurupan Kabupaten Garut dengan prevalen rate: 160 per 1000 balita. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian epidemiologi kesehatan lingkungan dengan fokus penelitian faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian diare yaitu variabel karakteristik ibu balita, karakteristik balita, kondisi sarana air bersih, tingkat kepadatan Ialat dan kondisi jamban dengan kejadian diare pada balita (12-59 bulan) di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Cisurupan Kabupaten Garut tahun 2006. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus kontrol dengan menggunakan data primer. Kasus adalah balita yang telah didiagnosis dengan gejala diare dan datang ke puskesmas serta bertempat tinggal di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Cisurupan. Kontrol adalah balita yang tidak menderita diare paling Iama 2 mingu terakhir dan bertempat tinggal sama dengan kasus. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis dengan statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara kondisi sarana air bersih (OR=2,077 C195% : 1.066-4.045), kepadatan lalat (OR=2,139 C195%:1.137-4.021) dan kondisi jamban (OR=2,1 11CI95%:1.103-4.040) dengan kejadian diare pada balita. Sedangkan hasil uji interaksi melalui analisis regresi logistik menunjukkan tidak ada interaksi. Dari hasil penelitian terlihat faktor lingkungan merupakan faktor dominan terhadap kejadian diare. Untuk itu diperlukan peningkatan upaya-upaya inovatif dalam pengendalian lingkungan yang dilakukan bersama baik oleh masyarakat, puskesmas Cisurupan, dinas kesehatan Garut dan sektor terkait lainnya. Misalnya, upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat di bidang higyene and sanitation melalui pengembangan program klinik sanitasi dan methodology partisipatory assessment- partisipatory hygiene and sanitation transformations (MPA-PHAST). Diharapkan dengan peningkatan upaya tersebut target pencapaian IPM 80 pada tahun 2010 dapat-tercapai.
