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Backgrounds: Brebes Region is one of various region which has high productivity in agricultural products, so this region has a potency for any health effects due to pesticide exposure. Several studies have shown that many health effects has occured in agirucultural workers in Brebes.
Puskesmas Jagalempeni Kecamatan Wanasari Kabupaten Brebes memiliki luas wilayah sebesar 20,22 km 2 , sebagian besar wilayahnya merupakan lahan pertanian. Sebagian besar masyarakatnya merupakan petani dan buruh tani (71,09%). Penggunaan pestisida dalam pertanian dilakukan dengan cara penyemprotan langsung terhadap tanaman. Penggunaan pestisida organofosfat dapat menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan seperti, terjadinya anemia yang ditandai oleh adanya penurunan kadar haemoglobin (Hb) darah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada petani di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Jagalempeni Kecamatan Wanasari Kabupaten Brebes. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional, sebanyak 90 petani penyemprot pestisida organofosfat dijadikan responden dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan pengukuran kadar cholinesterase darah dan kadar hemoglobin, serta variabel lain seperti durasi pajanan, frekuensi pajanan, masa kerja, perilaku, dan indeks masa tubuh. Hasil penelitian membuktikan ada hubungan antara kadar cholinesterase darah dengan anemia OR : 3,69 (95% CI : 1,30 – 10,44), ada hubungan antara metode penyemprotan dengan anemia OR : 3,07 (95% CI : 1,13 – 8,32), dan ada hubungan antara masa kerja dengan anemia OR : 2,51 (95% CI : 1,07 – 5,90). Faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya anemia adalah faktor masa kerja, dimana risiko untuk mengalami anemia pada petani dengan masa kerja > 17 tahun adalah 3 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada petani dengan masa kerja ≤ 17 tahun setelah dikontrol variabel kadar cholinesterase dan metode penyemprotan. Kata Kunci : Petani, pestisida oganofosfat, cholinesterase, anemia.
Puskesmas Jagalempeni Wanasari Brebes has an area of 20.22 km2, most of the territory is farmland. Most people are farmers and farm workers (71.09%). The use of pesticides in agriculture is done by direct spraying of crops. The use of organophosphate pesticides can cause health problems such as anemia is characterized by a decrease in levels of hemoglobin (Hb). The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the incidence of anemia among farmers in the region of Puskesmas Jagalempeni Sub-district Wanasari Brebes. This study used cross-sectional study design, as many as 90 farmers used organophosphate pesticide sprayers respondents in this study, carried out the measurement of blood cholinesterase levels and hemoglobin levels, as well as other variables such as duration of exposure, frequency of exposure, period of employment, behavior, and body mass index. The research proves there is a relationship between blood cholinesterase levels with anemia OR: 3.69 (95% CI: 1.30 to 10.44), there is a relationship between the method of spraying with anemia OR: 3.07 (95% CI: 1.13 - 8.32), and there is a relationship between period of employment with anemia OR: 2.51 (95% CI: 1.07 to 5.90). Dominant factor associated with the occurrence of anemia is a factor period of employment, where the risk to have anemia at the farmers by >17 years is 3 times higher than in farmers working with the ≤17 years after the controlled variable levels of cholinesterase and spraying methods. Keywords: Farmers, pesticide oganofosfat, cholinesterase, anemia.
Instensification agriculture is a step improvement of agricultural products, such asprocessing of agricultural land and eradication of pests or plant diseases. Pesticides caneradicate the pest in a short time but bad risk to health and the environment. The use ofpesticides on agricultural land is affected by the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior offarmers. This study aims to determine knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of farmers inthe use of pesticides and to predict how much intake of chili, cabbage, and potatoes areconsumed by the farmer raises the risk of health problems in the district Cikajang,Garut. This study used cross sectional design with environmental health risk analysisapproach (ARKL). The research sample of 105 respondents of farmers and cropspraying using pesticides. Respondents were selected using the method of purposivesampling. Based on the results of the univariate, 93% less knowledgeable good, 68% tobe good, and 63% misbehave. Based on the results of the bivariate, that factorssignificantly associated with the level of knowledge of the value of risk (RQ) healthproblems (p = 0.042; OR = 1.69). These results show the need for education about theuse of pesticides and supervision of the activities of farmers to the risk of healthproblems can be prevented. that the knowledge level factors significantly associatedwith the risk value (RQ) health problems (p = 0.042; OR = 1.69). These results show theneed for education about the use of pesticides and supervision of the activities offarmers to the risk of health problems can be prevented. that the knowledge level factorssignificantly associated with the risk value (RQ) health problems (p = 0.042; OR =1.69). These results show the need for education about the use of pesticides andsupervision of the activities of farmers to the risk of health problems can be prevented.Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior, Pesticides, Risk Quotient, ARKL.
Kata kunci : Particulate Matter, PM10, gangguan pernafasan, sekolah
Pesticides increase the yield of 40% cocoa in Latin America, 33% of sugarcane in Pakistan also solving pest problems in the intensification program in Indonesia. Pesticides had a devastating impact if used continuously regardless of usage rules and how to apply the rules. Pesticides are widely used by farmers by spraying, especially the organophosphate class which can affect nerve function by inhibiting the enzyme cholinesterase. The aim of research to analyze the risk factors of pesticide exposure to cholinesterase activity in the blood of farmers rice pest sprayer. The study used Cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in April-May 2014, using secondary data of the questionnaire respondents as well as the result of cholinesterase which has been conducted by Environmental Health Section of Karawang District Health on 3 villages at 2 UPTD Puskesmas. The results, 81% of farmers had normal cholinesterase activity or no pesticide poisoning. Bivariate analysis showed no correlation between the type of pesticide used, age, body weight, years of service, working frequency, duration of action, last contact with pesticides and the use of personal protective equipment against cholinesterase activity. Keywords: Pesticides, Cholinesterase Activity, Farmers Rice Pest Sprayer
