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Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisa alur proses yang adasekaligus memberikan usulan perbaikan agar proses pemulangan pasien rawatinap menjadi lebih cepat. Desain penelitian ini adalah analisis kualitatif denganmetode lean thinking melalui telaah dokumen, wawancara mendalam danobservasi.
Hasil penelitian didapatkan lead time atau waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk pemulangan pasien adalah 252,4 menit (4,2 jam). Total waktu kegiatanyang bersifat value added 168 menit, sedangkan total waktu kegiatan yangbersifat non value added adalah 84,4 menit. Dari identifikasi nilai yang dilakukanterhadap alur proses pemulangan pasien ini ditemukan waste sebesar 63,6 menityang bila bisa dihilangkan akan memotong lead time menjadi 188,3 menit (3,1jam).
Keyword : lean thinking, pemulangan pasien rawat inapUniversitas Indonesia
Process of discharging hospitalized patient is part of service given by the hospital.A Good and satisfying service during hospitalization can turn into unsatisfiedperception if at the end of hospitalization there is obstacle in discharging patientand make the process longer.
This research is to analyze the process and give agood suggestion for discharging inpatient process in order to make it moreefficient. Design of this research is lean thinking method using document analysis, interview, and observation.
Result of the research indicating lead time or timeneeded for discharging patient is 252.4 minutes (4.2 hours). Total activity timewhich is value added is 168 minute, while total activity time which is non valueadded is 84.4 minute. Base on this value identification found waste value time63.6 minute can be diminished and cutting lead time to 188.4 minute (3.1hour).
Keyword : lean thinking, discharging inpatient.
Latar Belakang : Waktu tunggu sering kali dijadikan indikator untuk menilai kualitas pelayanan rumah sakit oleh pasien. Salah satu aspek yang menjadi perhatian adalah waktu tunggu untuk pemulangan pasien. Data RS Mitra Keluarga Bintaro tahun 2023 menunjukkan rata-rata waktu tunggu pasien adalah 87 menit dengan perbedaan yang cukup signifikan antara pasien dengan penjaminan pribadi (66 menit) dan penjaminan asuransi (121 menit). Data rata-rata waktu tunggu tersebut terhitung sejak dokter memberikan instruksi pulang hingga pasien melakukan billing akhir. Data tersebut belum terhitung hingga pasien meninggalkan ruang rawat inap. Standar pelayanan minimal waktu tunggu pemulangan pasien rawat inap yang ditetapkan oleh Kemenkes yaitu kurang dari 120 menit. Pencapaian waktu tunggu pasien yang keluar dalam waktu ≤ 2 jam tercatat sebesar 88%, meskipun masih belum memenuhi target korporat yang ditetapkan sebesar 100%.
Metode : Penelitian ini mengadopsi desain operational research yang mengintegrasikan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah simple random sampling, dengan total sampel sebanyak 38 pasien yang pulang setelah menjalani rawat inap. Pemilihan sampel didasarkan pada distribusi hari, jam kepulangan, dan jenis metode penjaminan yang telah ditetapkan.
Hasil : Hasil penelitian dengan pendekatan lean six sigma berhasil mengidentifikasi lead time pemulangan pasien rawat inap di RS Mitra Keluarga Bintaro sebesar 5 jam 10 menit 54 detik dimana 69% merupakan kegiatan non value added yang didominasi oleh waste tipe waiting sebesar 3 jam 14 menit 23 detik. Akar masalah dari memanjangnya waktu tunggu pemulangan pasien rawat inap berada di fase III pada kegiatan menunggu pasien meninggalkan ruang rawat inap. Penerapan lean six sigma dalam proses pemulangan pasien rawat inap di RS Mitra Keluarga Bintaro berhasil mengurangi lead time sebesar 16%, dari 5 jam 10 menit 54 detik menjadi 4 jam 21 menit 25 detik. Pengurangan lead time ini diikuti dengan penurunan waste di seluruh tahapan pemulangan pasien, dengan penurunan waste terbesar terjadi pada fase I, yaitu sebesar 44%, dari 1 jam 3 menit 27 detik menjadi 35 menit 46 detik.
Kesimpulan : Terdapat penurunan waktu tunggu pemulangan pasien rawat inap di RS Mitra Keluarga Bintaro setelah penerapan lean six sigma. Penurunan waktu tunggu pemulangan pasien rawat inap masih diatas target standar pelayanan minimal yang ditetapkan oleh Kemenkes.
Background : Waiting time is often used as an indicator to assess the quality of hospital services by patients. One aspect of concern is the waiting time for patient discharge. Data from Mitra Keluarga Bintaro Hospital in 2023 showed that the average patient waiting time was 87 minutes with a significant difference between patients with personal guarantees (66 minutes) and insurance guarantees (121 minutes). The average waiting time data is calculated from when the doctor gives instructions to go home until the patient makes the final billing. The data does not include until the patient leaves the inpatient room. The minimum service standard for inpatient discharge waiting time set by the Ministry of Health is less than 120 minutes. The achievement of waiting time for patients who leave within ≤ 2 hours was recorded at 88%, although it still does not meet the corporate target set at 100%. Method : This study adopted an operational research design that integrates quantitative and qualitative methods. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling, with a total sample of 38 patients who returned home after undergoing inpatient care. Sample selection was based on the distribution of days, hours of discharge, and types of guarantee methods that had been determined. Hasil : The results of the study using the lean six sigma approach successfully identified the lead time for inpatient discharge at Mitra Keluarga Bintaro Hospital of 5 hours 10 minutes 54 seconds, where 69% were non-value added activities dominated by waiting type waste of 3 hours 14 minutes 23 seconds. The root of the problem of the long waiting time for inpatient discharge is in phase III in the activity of waiting for the patient to leave the inpatient room. The application of lean six sigma in the inpatient discharge process at Mitra Keluarga Bintaro Hospital successfully reduced the lead time by 16%, from 5 hours 10 minutes 54 seconds to 4 hours 21 minutes 25 seconds. This reduction in lead time was followed by a decrease in waste in all stages of patient discharge, with the largest decrease in waste occurring in phase I, which was 44%, from 1 hour 3 minutes 27 seconds to 35 minutes 46 seconds. Kesimpulan : There is a decrease in the waiting time for discharge of inpatients at Mitra Keluarga Bintaro Hospital after the implementation of lean six sigma. The decrease in the waiting time for discharge of inpatients is still above the minimum service standard target set by the Ministry of Health.
Waiting time is one indicator of health services. The increase in waiting time in the Emergency Department (ED) has an impact on longer treatment days, increased mortality and reduced patient satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to determine the length of stay for services at the emergency department of the Tangerang General Hospital using lean method to determine waste at each stage of activity. This research method is operational research with qualitative and quantitative approaches, primary data sources taken from direct observation using time motion study techniques and in-depth interviews. The waiting time at the ER at the Tangerang Regency General Hospital is 852.92 minutes for inpatients and 564.24 minutes for outpatients. The length of time for each service is as follows: triage is 11.83 minutes, waiting time for an emergency room doctor examination is 32.25 minutes, drug administration time and action is 22.33 minutes, waiting time for laboratory examination is 106.07 minutes, waiting time for examination radiology 140.15 minutes, waiting time for specialist doctor consultation 146.54 minutes, waiting time for inpatient registration 164.8 minutes, waiting time for inpatient admission 58.5 minutes, patient administration time going home 89.6 minutes. The largest nonvalued added activity is waiting for specialist consultations. Found 2 types of waste, namely waiting (93.3%) and motion (6.7%). After conducting an analysis using the 5 why method, the root of the problem was found in the number of nurses, not yet maximally carrying out tupoksi, hospital information system applications that are less user friendly, specialist doctors are not standby and consultation SOPs are not optimally run, lack of clinical experience of doctors ER, as well as the unavailability of the ward. The conclusion, t the waiting time in the ER at the Tangerang General Hospital exceeds the standard time (4 hours). The lean approach is appropriate to look for waste in health service activities so that problem solving efforts can be obtained to improve service waiting times in the IGD RSU Tangerang Gneral Hospital
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan wakturata-rata yang diperlukan untuk pasien metode pembayaran BPJS sebesar 153,5menit, Cash sebesar 127 menit , dan asuransi sebesar 264 menit. Total persentasenon value added activity pada proses pemulangan pasien dengan metodepembayaran BPJS sebesar 76,4%, cash sebesar 72,4%, dan asuransi sebesar84,1%.
Usulan perbaikan dengan metode Lean dapat menurunka persentase nonvalue added activity menjadi sebesar 56,6% untuk pasien BPJS, 46,6% untukpasien cash, dan 56,8% untuk pasien asuransi.
Kata kunci: pemulangan pasien; Lean; Value Added; Non value added; waste
Delays in the process of discharge related to the availability of the number of bedsfor patients who are going to be hospitalized. This resulted inefficiency ofservices. Lean method is a method that is expected to improve efficiency in theprocess of discharge process. A qualitative study using the principles of leanthinking to describe the process of discharge flow, calculate the lead time andcycle time, and analyze the waste that occurs.
The results show the average timerequired for patient used BPJS payment method is 153.5 minutes, cash is 127minutes, and insurance is 264 minutes. The total percentage of non-value addedactivity in the process of discharge process with BPJS payment method is 76.4%,cash is 72.4%, and insurance is 84.1%.
Suggestions for improvements with leanmethods can reduce the percentage of non-value added activity by 56.6% forBPJS patients, 46.6% for cash patients, and 56.8% for insured patients.
Keywords: discharge process; lean; value added; non-value added; waste
Kata Kunci: Pengurusan Administrasi pasien pulang, Lean Six Sigma, Rawat Inap
In 2017 the average waiting time for the process of Discharged Patients Administration at Eka Pekanbaru Hospital is 246 minutes (> 2 hours), it causes patient complaint so it is necessary to analyze the causes of the long waiting time with the Lean-Six Sigma approach to be able to see the waste that occurs. This is operational research that uses quantitative and qualitative design. The result of this research showed that the Discharged Patients Administration in hospital begins from the instruction of the doctor that the patient can go home until the patient receives an administrative payment receipt. The results of this research were also described with the value stream mapping that showed lead time of discharged patients administration process is 356,42 minutes, with value added 70,49 minutes (22,58%), and non value added 285,93 minutes (77,42%). The longest process occurs on nursing unit and inpatient administration unit. The longest waste is waiting waste of 193,33 minutes (69,44%) of the total waste that found. Based on fishbone diagram analysis it is known that most of the root cause of discharged patients administration process problem come from man category. Based on that analysis, improvements proposed are work standardization, coordination meeting, increase of supervision, and implementation of heijunka
Key words: Discharged Patients Administration, Lean Six Sigma, Inpatient.
