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Holong Purnama Putra; Pembimbing: Abdul Rahman; Penguji: Sri Tjahjani Budi Utami, Ramdan Tiar
Abstrak:
Diare pada balita merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian pada bayi (31,4%) dan anak balita (25,2%). Sekitar 162.000 balita meninggal akibat diare tiap tahunnya atau sekitar 460 balita per hari (Depkes, 2011). Di Bogor angka diare meningkat tiap tahunnya data dari 2011-2013 menunjukkan ada peningkatan kasus di tahun 2011 ada 21.687 kasus tahun 2012 ada 22.625 kasus dan di 2013 ada 24.187 kasus (P3KL Dinkes Bogor, 2013). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktorfaktor risiko apa saja yang berhubungan dengan kejadian diare pada balita di wilayah kerja puskesmas Bogor utara. Studi ini menggunakan metode kasus kontrol dengan jumlah sampel 46 kasus dan 46 kontrol metode pengumpulan data dengan cara wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang berpengaruh antara faktor penyebab dengan kejadian diare yaitu : Perilaku mencuci tangan OR: 4,28 (95% CI 1,587-11,575), Penanganan sampah OR: 3,87 (95% CI 1,632-9,203), Sumber air bersih OR: 3,16 (95% CI 1,244- 8,039), Sarana Jamban OR: 4,52 (95% CI 1,845-11,081), Sanitasi makanan OR: 2,92 (95% CI 1,249-6,809), dan Pengetahuan orang tua OR: 2,66 (CI 95% 1,146- 6,198). Upaya penanggulangan dengan cara meningkatkan sanitasi lingkungan dan memberikan program penyuluhan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat sekitar.
Kata kunci : Diare pada balita, Faktor-faktor penyebab diare
Diarrhea is one cause of death in infants (31,4%) and children under the age of five years (25,2%). Approximately 162.000 children under the age of five death every year or 460 every day (Depkes) in Bogor incident rate of diarrhea increase every year from 2011-2013. in 2011 there are 21.687 case, in 2012 there are 22.625 case and in 2013 there are 24.187 case. this research have a purpose to determine risk factors associated with diarrhea incident in children under the age of five on working area Puskesmas north Bogor. this study use case control method with number of sample 46 people case and 46 control. Method of data collection by interview and observation. the results showed influence of risk factors with diarrhea incident. the risk factors have influence are Handwashing behaviour OR: 4,28(95% CI 1,587-11,575), Waste handling OR: 3,87 (95% CI 1,632-9,203), Source of clean water OR: 3,16 (95% CI 1,244-8,039), Availabilty of latrines OR: 4,52 (95% CI 1,845-11,081), Food hygiene and sanitation OR: 2,92 (95% CI 1,249-6,809), and Knowledge of parents OR: 2,66 (CI 95% 1,146- 6,198). Diarrhea prevention efforts by improving enviroment sanitation and providing education programs to increase public knowledge.
Key Words : Diarrhea in children under the age of five, Risk factors cause diarrhea
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Kata kunci : Diare pada balita, Faktor-faktor penyebab diare
Diarrhea is one cause of death in infants (31,4%) and children under the age of five years (25,2%). Approximately 162.000 children under the age of five death every year or 460 every day (Depkes) in Bogor incident rate of diarrhea increase every year from 2011-2013. in 2011 there are 21.687 case, in 2012 there are 22.625 case and in 2013 there are 24.187 case. this research have a purpose to determine risk factors associated with diarrhea incident in children under the age of five on working area Puskesmas north Bogor. this study use case control method with number of sample 46 people case and 46 control. Method of data collection by interview and observation. the results showed influence of risk factors with diarrhea incident. the risk factors have influence are Handwashing behaviour OR: 4,28(95% CI 1,587-11,575), Waste handling OR: 3,87 (95% CI 1,632-9,203), Source of clean water OR: 3,16 (95% CI 1,244-8,039), Availabilty of latrines OR: 4,52 (95% CI 1,845-11,081), Food hygiene and sanitation OR: 2,92 (95% CI 1,249-6,809), and Knowledge of parents OR: 2,66 (CI 95% 1,146- 6,198). Diarrhea prevention efforts by improving enviroment sanitation and providing education programs to increase public knowledge.
Key Words : Diarrhea in children under the age of five, Risk factors cause diarrhea
S-9060
Depok : FKM UI, 2016
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Irwan Agus Timur Ginting; Pembimbing: Laila Fitria; Penguji: Ririn Arminsih, Oki Kurniawan
Abstrak:
Pneumonia menjadi salah satu penyebab kematian tertinggi di dunia dan Provinsi Jawa Barat menempati urutan pertama sebagai provinsi dengan jumlah balita penderita pneumonia terbanyak. Puskesmas Bogor Utara merupakan salah satu daerah yang memiliki kasus pneumonia pada balita yang cukup banyak di tahun 2016. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko pneumonia balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bogor Utara. Penelitian menggunakan desain studi case control dengan pendekatan retrospektif. Populasi penelitian adalah balita usia 12- 59 bulan yang berada di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bogor Utara dengan sampel sebanyak 94 responden terdiri dari 47 orang kasus dan 47 orang kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara berat lahir balita (OR=5,51 ; CI=1,96- 15,48 ); status gizi sebelum sakit (OR=5,06; CI=2,10-12,20); riwayat imunisasi (OR= 4,24; 1,50-11,98); pendidikan ibu (OR=4,76; CI=1,58-14,32; tingkat ekonomi/penghasilan keluarga (OR=9,44 ; CI= 3,57-24,93); kepadatan hunian (OR=18,97; CI=5,80-62,03), dan tingkat kelembaban ruang tidur balita (OR=5,02; CI=1,31-19,21) terhadap kejadian pneumonia pada balita di wilayah Puskesmas Bogor Utara. Variabel yang diprediksi paling dominan mempengaruhi kejadian pneumonia pada balita adalah kepadatan hunian ruang tidur balita (OR=12,90; CI=3,26-50,98). Saran, luas kamar tidur minimal 8 m2 tidak digunakan untuk lebih dari 2 orang, kecuali anak di bawah 5 tahun.
Kata Kunci : Pneumonia, Balita, Faktor Risiko
Pneumonia has become one of the highest mortality contributors in the world and And West Java province ranks the first as the largest number of pneumonia that suffered children under five years. Puskesmas Bogor Utara(health center) is one of the areas that have quite a lot cases of pneumonia in children under five in 2016. This study aimed to determine the risk factors associated with the incidence of pneumonia in children under five in the In The Working Area Of Puskesmas Bogor Utara (Community Health Center). This study uses a case control study design with retrospect approach. The population in this study are all of children aged 12 month until 59 months who lived in the working area of Bogor Utara health center with using 94 respondents consisted of 47 cases and 47 people control.The results of this study indicate that there was a significant correlation between history of low birth weight (OR = 5,51; CI=1,96-15,48 ); nutritional status before illness (OR=5,06; CI=2,10-12,20), immunization history (OR= 4,24; 1,50-11,98), knowledge of mothers (OR=4,76; CI=1,58-14,32), a variable degree of Economics/family income (OR=9,44 ; CI= 3,57-24,93), housing crowdedness (OR=18,97; CI=5,80-62,03) and humidity levels (OR=5,02; CI=1,31-19,21) with the incidence of pneumonia among children under five in the region of Bogor Utara health center. The variable that predicted the most dominant cause of pneumonia is the housing crowdedness (OR=12,90; CI=3,26-50,98).Suggestion, minimum bedroom space is 8m2 and should not be used for more than two people, except children under 5 years old.
Key Words: Pneumonia, Children under five years old, Risk Factors
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Kata Kunci : Pneumonia, Balita, Faktor Risiko
Pneumonia has become one of the highest mortality contributors in the world and And West Java province ranks the first as the largest number of pneumonia that suffered children under five years. Puskesmas Bogor Utara(health center) is one of the areas that have quite a lot cases of pneumonia in children under five in 2016. This study aimed to determine the risk factors associated with the incidence of pneumonia in children under five in the In The Working Area Of Puskesmas Bogor Utara (Community Health Center). This study uses a case control study design with retrospect approach. The population in this study are all of children aged 12 month until 59 months who lived in the working area of Bogor Utara health center with using 94 respondents consisted of 47 cases and 47 people control.The results of this study indicate that there was a significant correlation between history of low birth weight (OR = 5,51; CI=1,96-15,48 ); nutritional status before illness (OR=5,06; CI=2,10-12,20), immunization history (OR= 4,24; 1,50-11,98), knowledge of mothers (OR=4,76; CI=1,58-14,32), a variable degree of Economics/family income (OR=9,44 ; CI= 3,57-24,93), housing crowdedness (OR=18,97; CI=5,80-62,03) and humidity levels (OR=5,02; CI=1,31-19,21) with the incidence of pneumonia among children under five in the region of Bogor Utara health center. The variable that predicted the most dominant cause of pneumonia is the housing crowdedness (OR=12,90; CI=3,26-50,98).Suggestion, minimum bedroom space is 8m2 and should not be used for more than two people, except children under 5 years old.
Key Words: Pneumonia, Children under five years old, Risk Factors
S-9372
Depok : FKM UI, 2017
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Mida Arafina Nurdita; Pembimbing: Ririn Arminsih Wulandari; Penguji: Budi Hartono, Yulia Fitria Ningrum
Abstrak:
Penyakit Diare merupakan penyakit menular dan menempati urutan kedua penyebab kematian anak balita di dunia. Di Indonesia, khususnya Jawa Barat adalah wilayah endemis untuk diare, Kabupaten Bogor merupakan salah satu kabupaten dengan prevalensi diare balita yang cukup tinggi. Puskesmas Purwasari merupakan puskesmas dengan kasus diare balita tertinggi di Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko (karakteristik balita, karakteristik ibu, dan sarana sanitasi) kejadian diare balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Purwasari Kabupaten Bogor tahun 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kasus-kontrol dengan sampel 53 kasus dan 53 kontrol. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji chi-square dan regresi logistik model prediksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara pemberian ASI Eksklusif (0,28; 0,11-0,67), pemberian imunisasi campak (0,18; 0,08-0,42), pengetahuan (0,16; 0,07-0,38), perilaku pembuangan tinja balita (0,18; 0,07-0,46), dan sarana jamban (0,32; 0,14-0,72) dengan kejadian diare pada balita. Variabel yang diprediksi paling berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya diare balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Purwasari adalah variabel pengetahuan (9,76; 2,78 - 34,21).
Diarrhea is an communicable disease and ranks the second cause of death for children under-five in the world. In Indonesia, especially West Java, which is an endemic area for diarrhea, Bogor is one of the districts with a fairly high prevalence of diarrhea in children under-five. Purwasari Community Health Center is a health center with the highest cases of diarrhea in children under-five in Bogor Regency. This study aims to analyze the risk factors (characteristics of children under-five, characteristics of mothers, and sanitation facilities) for the incidence of diarrhea in children under-five in the Purwasari Public Health Center, Bogor Regency in 2022. This study used a case-control research design with a sample of 53 cases and 53 controls. Data analysis was performed using chi-square test and logistic regression predictive model. The results showed that there was a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding (0,28; 0,11-0,67), measles immunization (0,18; 0,08-0,42), knowledge (0,16; 0,07-0,38), toddler stool disposal behavior (0,18; 0,07-0,46), and latrine facilities (0,32; 0,14-0,72) with the incidence of diarrhea in children under-five. The variable that is predicted to have the most influence on the occurrence of diarrhea under five in the working area of the Purwasari Health Center is the knowledge variable (9,76; 2,78 - 34,21).
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Diarrhea is an communicable disease and ranks the second cause of death for children under-five in the world. In Indonesia, especially West Java, which is an endemic area for diarrhea, Bogor is one of the districts with a fairly high prevalence of diarrhea in children under-five. Purwasari Community Health Center is a health center with the highest cases of diarrhea in children under-five in Bogor Regency. This study aims to analyze the risk factors (characteristics of children under-five, characteristics of mothers, and sanitation facilities) for the incidence of diarrhea in children under-five in the Purwasari Public Health Center, Bogor Regency in 2022. This study used a case-control research design with a sample of 53 cases and 53 controls. Data analysis was performed using chi-square test and logistic regression predictive model. The results showed that there was a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding (0,28; 0,11-0,67), measles immunization (0,18; 0,08-0,42), knowledge (0,16; 0,07-0,38), toddler stool disposal behavior (0,18; 0,07-0,46), and latrine facilities (0,32; 0,14-0,72) with the incidence of diarrhea in children under-five. The variable that is predicted to have the most influence on the occurrence of diarrhea under five in the working area of the Purwasari Health Center is the knowledge variable (9,76; 2,78 - 34,21).
S-11139
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Azkiya Zulfa; Pembimbning: I Made Djaja; Penguji: Renti Mahkota, Farida
Abstrak:
Kejadian diare terbanyak di Kota Bogor terjadi di Kecamatan Tanah Sareal dimana kondisi sanitasi yang berkaitan dengan air minum berisiko tinggi terdapat di Kelurahan Sukadamai dan Mekarwangi yang termasuk ke dalamwilayah kerja puskesmas Mekarwangi Kota Bogor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengetahui faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian diare pada balita diwilayah kerja puskesmas Mekarwangi Kota Bogor tahun 2014. Disain penelitian yang digunakan adalah case control dengan jumlah kasus 120 dan jumlah kontrol120. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi dan pemeriksaan laboratorium sampel air minum. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian diare pada balita adalah Escherichiacoli dalam air minum (OR=2,61; 95% CI= 1,32-6,76), perilaku cuci tangan ibuatau pengasuh (OR=2,05; 95% CI= 1,18-3,57), hygiene sanitasi makanan danminuman (OR=2,53; 95% CI= 1,46-4,39) dan pengetahuan ibu atau pengasuh(OR=1,83; 95% CI= 1,01-3,31). Perlu dilakukan upaya pencerdasan kepada masyarakat berupa penyuluhan baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung melalui media cetak seperti poster, pamflet dan lain sebagainya.
Kata kunci: Diare, balita
The highest incidence of diarrhea in Bogor occurred at Tanah Sarealdistrict where the condition of basic sanitation associated with high risk drinkingwater in Kelurahan Sukadamai and Kelurahan Mekarwangi which belong toPuskesmas Mekarwangi region. This study aims to analyze risks that affectedunderfive years children diarrhea in region of Puskesmas Mekarwangi, Bogor2014. This study used case control design with 120 controls and 120 cases. Theinformation collected by interviews, observation and laboratorium analyze ofdrinking water sample. Result that risk factors that affected diarrhea areEscherichia coli in drinking water (OR=2,61; 95% CI= 1,32-6,76), handwashingbehavior (OR=2,05; 95% CI= 1,18-3,57), hygiene sanitation of food and drink(OR=2,53; 95% CI= 1,46-4,39) and also knowledge of mother about diarrhea(OR=1,83; 95% CI= 1,01-3,31). It should be held an interventions direct orindirectly toward the residents, by printed media,e.g. poster, pamphlet, bulletin,xbanner etc.
Keyword: Diarrhea, underfive years children
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Kata kunci: Diare, balita
The highest incidence of diarrhea in Bogor occurred at Tanah Sarealdistrict where the condition of basic sanitation associated with high risk drinkingwater in Kelurahan Sukadamai and Kelurahan Mekarwangi which belong toPuskesmas Mekarwangi region. This study aims to analyze risks that affectedunderfive years children diarrhea in region of Puskesmas Mekarwangi, Bogor2014. This study used case control design with 120 controls and 120 cases. Theinformation collected by interviews, observation and laboratorium analyze ofdrinking water sample. Result that risk factors that affected diarrhea areEscherichia coli in drinking water (OR=2,61; 95% CI= 1,32-6,76), handwashingbehavior (OR=2,05; 95% CI= 1,18-3,57), hygiene sanitation of food and drink(OR=2,53; 95% CI= 1,46-4,39) and also knowledge of mother about diarrhea(OR=1,83; 95% CI= 1,01-3,31). It should be held an interventions direct orindirectly toward the residents, by printed media,e.g. poster, pamphlet, bulletin,xbanner etc.
Keyword: Diarrhea, underfive years children
S-8168
Depok : FKM UI, 2014
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Fransiska Gultom; Pembimbing: Budi Hartono; Penguji: Ema Hermawati, Yusdayani Aisya Aprilia
Abstrak:
JUMLAH PENDERITA DIARE PADA BALITA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KECAMATAN MAKASAR MENGALAMI KENAIKAN DARI TAHUN 2014 SAMPAI 2016. KELURAHAN KEBON PALA MENJADI PENYUMBANG TERBANYAK DARI KESELURUHAN KASUS DIARE. JUMLAH PENDERITA DIARE BALITA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KELURAHAN KEBON PALA TAHUN 2014 SEBESAR 182 KASUS KEMUDIAN NAIK TAHUN 2015 SEBESAR 251 KASUS DAN MENGALAMI PENURUNAN PADA TAHUN 2016 SEBESAR 238 KASUS. PENELITIAN INI BERTUJUAN UNTUK MENGETAHUI FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN DIARE PADA BALITA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KELURAHAN KEBON PALA. DISAIN PENELITIAN YAITU CASE CONTROL, KASUS ADALAH PENDERITA DIARE YANG TERCATAT DALAM REGISTER PUSKESMAS SELAMA 14 HARI TERAKHIR WAKTU PENELITIAN BERLANGSUNG DAN KONTROL ADALAH TETANGGA KASUS. JUMLAH SAMPEL MASING-MASING KONTROL DAN KASUS 60 RESPONDEN. PENGUMPULAN DATA DENGAN WAWANCARA LANGSUNG DAN OBSERVASI MENGGUNAKAN KUESIONER. KUESIONER BERISIKAN PERTANYAAN PERILAKU CUCI TANGAN PAKAI SABUN, PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF, SUMBER AIR BERSIH, SARANA JAMBAN DAN SARANA PEMBUANGAN SAMPAH. PENELITIAN INI DIDAPATKAN HASIL ADANYA HUBUNGAN YANG SIGNIFIKAN ANTARA PERILAKU CUCI TANGAN PAKAI SABUN (NILAI P 0.005; OR 5,107), PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF (NILAI P 0,005; OR 4,030), SARANA JAMBAN (NILAI P 0,022; OR 2,993) DAN SARANA PEMBUANGAN SAMPAH (NIALI P 0,003; OR 3,406) DENGAN KEJADIAN DIARE PADA BALITA.
KATA KUNCI : DIARE, FAKTOR RISIKO, KASUS KONTROL
THE NUMBER OF DIARRHEA SUFFERERS IN UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN IN THE WORKING AREA OF PUSKESMAS KECAMATAN MAKASAR INCREASED FROM 2014 TO 2016. KEBON PALA VILLAGE BECAME THE BIGGEST CONTRIBUTOR OF ALL DIARRHEA CASES. THE NUMBER OF DIARRHEA SUFFERERS IN THE WORK AREA OF KEBON PALA PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER IN 2014 AMOUNTED TO 182 CASES AND THEN INCREASED IN 2015 BY 251 CASES AND DECREASED IN 2016 BY 238 CASES. THIS STUDY AIMS TO DETERMINE THE RISK FACTORS OF DIARRHEA OCCURRENCE IN INFANTS IN THE WORKING AREA OF KEBON PALA PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER. THE CASE STUDY DESIGN WAS CASE CONTROL. THE CASE WAS DIARRHEA SUFFERER RECORDED IN THE PUSKESMAS REGISTER FOR THE LAST 14 DAYS WHILE THE STUDY TOOK PLACE AND THE CONTROL WAS NEIGHBORING CASE. THE NUMBER OF SAMPLES OF EACH CONTROL AND CASE ARE 60 RESPONDENTS. DATA WAS COLLECTED BY DIRECT INTERVIEW AND OBSERVATION USING QUESTIONNAIRE. THE QUESTIONNAIRE CONTAINS QUESTIONS ON HANDWASHING BEHAVIOR WITH SOAP, EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING, CLEAN WATER SOURCES, TOILET FACILITIES AND GARBAGE DISPOSAL FACILITIES. THE RESULTS OF THIS STUDY SHOWED THAT THERE WAS A SIGNIFICANT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HANDWASHING WITH SOAP (P 0.005, OR 5,107), EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING (P VALUE 0.005, OR 4.030), TOILET FACILITIES (P VALUE 0.022, OR 2,993) AND GARBAGE DISPOSAL FACILITIES NIALI P 0,003; OR 3,406) WITH THE INCIDENCE OF DIARRHEA IN INFANTS
KEY WORDS: DIARRHEA, RISK FACTORS, CASE CONTROL
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KATA KUNCI : DIARE, FAKTOR RISIKO, KASUS KONTROL
THE NUMBER OF DIARRHEA SUFFERERS IN UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN IN THE WORKING AREA OF PUSKESMAS KECAMATAN MAKASAR INCREASED FROM 2014 TO 2016. KEBON PALA VILLAGE BECAME THE BIGGEST CONTRIBUTOR OF ALL DIARRHEA CASES. THE NUMBER OF DIARRHEA SUFFERERS IN THE WORK AREA OF KEBON PALA PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER IN 2014 AMOUNTED TO 182 CASES AND THEN INCREASED IN 2015 BY 251 CASES AND DECREASED IN 2016 BY 238 CASES. THIS STUDY AIMS TO DETERMINE THE RISK FACTORS OF DIARRHEA OCCURRENCE IN INFANTS IN THE WORKING AREA OF KEBON PALA PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER. THE CASE STUDY DESIGN WAS CASE CONTROL. THE CASE WAS DIARRHEA SUFFERER RECORDED IN THE PUSKESMAS REGISTER FOR THE LAST 14 DAYS WHILE THE STUDY TOOK PLACE AND THE CONTROL WAS NEIGHBORING CASE. THE NUMBER OF SAMPLES OF EACH CONTROL AND CASE ARE 60 RESPONDENTS. DATA WAS COLLECTED BY DIRECT INTERVIEW AND OBSERVATION USING QUESTIONNAIRE. THE QUESTIONNAIRE CONTAINS QUESTIONS ON HANDWASHING BEHAVIOR WITH SOAP, EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING, CLEAN WATER SOURCES, TOILET FACILITIES AND GARBAGE DISPOSAL FACILITIES. THE RESULTS OF THIS STUDY SHOWED THAT THERE WAS A SIGNIFICANT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HANDWASHING WITH SOAP (P 0.005, OR 5,107), EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING (P VALUE 0.005, OR 4.030), TOILET FACILITIES (P VALUE 0.022, OR 2,993) AND GARBAGE DISPOSAL FACILITIES NIALI P 0,003; OR 3,406) WITH THE INCIDENCE OF DIARRHEA IN INFANTS
KEY WORDS: DIARRHEA, RISK FACTORS, CASE CONTROL
S-9357
Depok : FKM UI, 2017
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Ratu Intan Puspita; Pembimbing: Al Asyary; Penguji: Umar Fahmi Achmadi, Rony Darmawansyah Alnur
Abstrak:
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Diare masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di Indonesia karena menjadi salah satu penyebab utama kematian pada balita. Tingkat kejadian diare pada balita di Jawa Barat, khususnya di Kota Bogor masih cukup tinggi. Diare juga termasuk dalam 10 penyakit menular terbanyak di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sindang Barang, Kecamatan Bogor Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara cakupan pemberian ASI eksklusif, penggunaan air bersih, mencuci tangan dengan sabun, penggunaan jamban sehat, dan kepadatan penduduk terhadap kejadian diare pada balita di Puskesmas Sindang Barang tahun 2019-2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi ekologi time trend serta analisis spasial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara variabel pemberian ASI eksklusif (p = 0,000), penggunaan air bersih (p = 0,045), penggunaan jamban sehat (p = 0,006), dan kepadatan penduduk (p = 0,007) dengan kejadian diare pada balita. Sementara untuk variabel mencuci tangan dengan sabun menunjukkan hubungan yang tidak signifikan dengan kejadian diare pada balita. Berdasarkan peta analisis spasial tidak terlihat pola yang konsisten. Namun, kejadian diare pada balita cenderung lebih sering terjadi di wilayah kelurahan dengan kepadatan penduduk yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya yang lebih intensif dalam pencegahan dan pengendalian diare, terutama di wilayah kelurahan dengan kepadatan penduduk yang tinggi.
Diarrhea remains a health issue in Indonesia as it is one of the leading causes of death among toddlers. Diarrhea remains highly prevalent among toddlers in West Java, specifically in Bogor City. Diarrhea is also among the top ten most common infectious diseases in the working area of Sindang Barang Public Health Center, West Bogor District. This study aims to investigate the correlation between the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding, use of clean water, handwashing with soap, use of healthy latrines, and population density with the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers in Sindang Barang Public Health Center 2019-2022. The study uses ecological time trend study methods and spatial analysis. The results reveal a significant relationship between variables such as exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.000), use of clean water (p = 0.045), use of healthy latrines (p = 0.006), and population density (p = 0.007) with the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. However, handwashing with soap does not show a significant relationship with the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. The spatial analysis map does not exhibit a consistent pattern. However, the occurrence of diarrhea in toddlers tends to be more frequent in urban village areas with high population density. Therefore, more intensive efforts are required for the prevention and control of diarrhea, especially in densely populated urban village areas.
S-11321
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Wiwin Kurniawati; Pembimbing: Ririn Arminsih Wulandari; Penguji: Ema Hermawati, Laila Fitria, Yulia Fitria Ningrum, Didik Supriyono
Abstrak:
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Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan pada balita di Indonesia. Berdasarkan Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) tahun 2023, prevalensi ISPA pada balita di Indonesia mencapai 34,2%. Sementara prevalensi ISPA di Kota Bogor tercatat sebesar 71%, jauh lebih tinggi dari rata-rata nasional. Adapun Puskesmas dengan jumlah penderita ISPA pada balita terbanyak di Kota Bogor adalah Puskesmas Kedung Badak, dengan total kasus selama lima tahun terakhir (2020-2024) mencapai 10.399 kasus. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis determinan kejadian ISPA pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kedung Badak Kota Bogor tahun 2026. Desain penelitian menggunakan case-control retrospektif dengan melibatkan 110 balita usia 0-59 bulan yang terdiri dari 55 balita ISPA dan 55 balita non-ISPA, dipilih menggunakan systematic random sampling. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat menggunakan uji chi- square, dan multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik ganda. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik antara seluruh variabel yang diteliti dengan kejadian ISPA pada balita. Namun, hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa kebiasaan merokok orangtua merupakan faktor yang paling dominan, dengan OR sebesar 2,13 (95% CI: 0,98-4,70). Meskipun hasil analisis statistik tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan pada α=5%, arah asosiasi yang positif serta besarnya nilai OR masih mengindikasikan adanya kecenderungan yang layak diperhatikan secara klinis. Diperlukan upaya pencegahan melalui edukasi perilaku hidup sehat dan pengendalian paparan asap rokok di dalam rumah, untuk mendorong perubahan perilaku merokok serta menciptakan lingkungan rumah yang lebih sehat bagi tumbuh kembang balita.
Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) remain a health issue among children under five years of age in Indonesia. According to the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI), the prevalence of ARI among under-five children in Indonesia reached 34.2%. In Bogor City, however, the prevalence reached 71%, substantially higher than the national average. Among all primary healthcare centers in the city, Kedung Badak Primary Health Center reported the highest number of ARI cases in children under five, with a total of 10,399 cases recorded over the last five years (2020–2024). This study aimed to analyze the determinants of ARI among children under five in the working area of Kedung Badak Primary Health Center, Bogor City, in 2026. The study design used a retrospective case-control study involving 110 under-five children, consisting of 55 with ARI and 55 without ARI, selected using systematic random sampling. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the chi-square test, and multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression. Bivariate analysis showed that there was no statistically significant association between any of the variables studied and the incidence of ARI in under-five children. However, the results of the multivariate analysis showed that parental smoking habits were the most dominant factor, with an OR of 2.13 (95% CI: 0.98–4.70). Although the statistical analysis did not reveal a significant association at the 5% level, the positive direction of the association and the magnitude of the OR still indicate a trend worthy of clinical attention. Preventive efforts are needed through education on healthy lifestyles and control of second-hand smoke exposure in the home to encourage changes in smoking behavior and create a healthier home environment for the growth and development of children under five ages.
T-7532
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Ranto Rajadoli Pangaribuan; Pembimbing: Dian Ayubi; Penguji: Tri Krianto, Suparsih
Abstrak:
Pada tahun 2015, jumlah kasus diare yang terjadi di Kota Bogor terdapat sebanyak 27.289 kasus. Kejadian diare di Kecamatan Bogor Utara sebesar 5.530 kasus. Kecamatan Bogor Utara merupakan kecamatan dengan jumlah kasus diare tertinggi se-Kota Bogor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor sosial ekonomi, faktor perilaku dan faktor lingkungan dengan kejadian diare pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bogor Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan disain cross sectional. Sebanyak 97 ibu yang memiliki anak balita diwawancari sebagai sampel penelitian menggunakan kuesioner. Sampel diambil pada 4 RW di Kelurahan Tanah Baru, dengan menggunakan teknik quota sampling. Analisis dilakukan untuk menilai kejadian diare, faktor sosial ekonomi,faktor perilaku dan faktor lingkungan. Ditemukan sebesar 37,1% kejadian diare di wilayah puskesmas Bogor Utara. Hasil analisis diketahui bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara perilaku cuci tangan, kepemilikan jamban, sarana sumber air bersih dan sarana pembuangan air limbah dengan kejadian diare.
Kata Kunci : Perilaku sehat Ibu, diare, balita
In 2015, the number of cases of diarrhea that occurred in the city of Bogor there were 27,289 cases. While the incidence of diarrhea in North Bogor District amounted to 5,530 cases. North Bogor Sub-district is the highest number of cases of diarrhea in Bogor City. Study aim is to determine the relationship between socioeconomic factors, behavioral factors and environmental factors with the incidence of diarrhea an children under five years old in the work area of Puskesmas Bogor Utara. This study used cross sectional design. A total of 97 mothers with toddlers were interviewed as research samples using a questionnaire. Samples were taken at 4 RW in Tanah Baru Urban Village, using quota sampling technique. This study used primary data taken using a questionnaire to assess the incidence of diarrhea, socioeconomic factors and behavioral factors. This and found 37.1% of chause got diarrhea in the area of Puskesmas Bogor Utara. The result show statistically significant a relationship between handwashing behavior, latrine ownership, clean water source and treatment of waste water disposal facility with diarrhea occurrence.
Keywords: Mother's healthy behavior, diarrhea, toddler
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Kata Kunci : Perilaku sehat Ibu, diare, balita
In 2015, the number of cases of diarrhea that occurred in the city of Bogor there were 27,289 cases. While the incidence of diarrhea in North Bogor District amounted to 5,530 cases. North Bogor Sub-district is the highest number of cases of diarrhea in Bogor City. Study aim is to determine the relationship between socioeconomic factors, behavioral factors and environmental factors with the incidence of diarrhea an children under five years old in the work area of Puskesmas Bogor Utara. This study used cross sectional design. A total of 97 mothers with toddlers were interviewed as research samples using a questionnaire. Samples were taken at 4 RW in Tanah Baru Urban Village, using quota sampling technique. This study used primary data taken using a questionnaire to assess the incidence of diarrhea, socioeconomic factors and behavioral factors. This and found 37.1% of chause got diarrhea in the area of Puskesmas Bogor Utara. The result show statistically significant a relationship between handwashing behavior, latrine ownership, clean water source and treatment of waste water disposal facility with diarrhea occurrence.
Keywords: Mother's healthy behavior, diarrhea, toddler
S-9562
Depok : FKM UI, 2017
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Fathimi; Pembimbing: Ririn Arminsih Wulandari; Penguji: Laila Fitria, Ema Hermawati, Didik Supriyono, Iman Surahman
Abstrak:
Pendahuluan: ISPA sering disalahartikan sebagai infeksi saluran pernafasan atas, padahal ISPA tidak hanya menyerang saluran pernafasan atas namun juga mencakup saluran pernafasan bawah. Infeksi adalah masuknya kuman atau mikroorganisme ke dalam tubuh manusia dan berkembang biak hingga menimbulkan penyakit saluran pernafasan mulai dari hidung hingga alveoli beserta adneksanya seperti sinus-sinus, rongga telinga tengah dan pleura. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor karakteristik individu dan lingkungan terhadap kejadian ISPA pada balita. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional study (studi potong lintang), jumlah sampel 163 balita, lokasi penelitian di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pancasan, waktu penelitian dari tgl 27 April-30 Mei 2019. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 41,1% balita menderita ISPA, secara statistik variabel yang berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian ISPA adalah jenis kelamin (OR:2,89) dan umur (OR:2,04). Kesimpulan: Banyak faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kejadian ISPA pada balita baik dari karakteristik balita, karakteristik orangtua, karakteristik lingkungan fisik rumah dan sarana pelayanan kesehatan itu sendiri. Saran: Pentingnya peran petugas kesehatan terutama meningkatkan kesadaran orangtua dalam memelihara dan menjaga kesehatan anak, memelihara kesehatan lingkungan serta adanya kerja sama lintas program serta lintas sektor
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T-5604
Depok : FKM-UI, 2019
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Farras Putri Aulia; Pembimbing: Ririn Arminsih Wulandari; Penguji: Laila Fitria, Didik Supriyono
Abstrak:
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Diare merupakan salah satu penyakit menular berbasis lingkungan yang menjadi peringkat kedua dalam penyebab kematian anak balita di dunia. Di Indonesia sendiri diare masih berpotensi menimbulkan Kejadian Luar Biasa (KLB). Berdasarkan data tahun 2023, Kabupaten Bogor memiliki prevalensi diare yang cukup tinggi dan berada diatas prevalensi nasional. Salah satu wilayahnya adalah wilayah kerja Puskesmas Leuwisadeng yang mengalami peningkatan kasus diare sebesar 318 kasus pada tahun 2023. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni menganalisis faktor risiko (karakteristik balita, karakterstik ibu, dan sarana sanitasi) dengan kejadian diare balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Leuwisadeng Kabupaten Bogor tahun 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross-sectional dengan sampel sebanyak 103 responden. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan uji chi-square dan regresi logistik model prediksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya hubungan antara pendapatan keluarga (5,05; 1,10-23,20), perilaku pembuangan tinja balita (4,55; 1,81-11,42), sarana jamban sehat (4,35; 1,70-11,16), dan sarana air minum (3,49; 1,41-8,62). Variabel yang diprediksi paling berpengaruh terhadap kejadian diare balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Leuwisadeng adalah variabel perilaku pembuangan tinja balita (8,81; 2,72-28,50).
Diarrhea is one of the environmentally-based infectious diseases that ranks second in causing death among children under five worldwide. In Indonesia, diarrhea still has the potential to cause Outbreaks (KLB). According to data from 2023, Kabupaten Bogor has a fairly high prevalence of diarrhea, exceeding the national prevalence. One of its areas is the working area of the Puskesmas Leuwisadeng, which experienced an increase of 318 diarrhea cases in 2023. The purpose of this study is to analyze risk factors (toddler characteristics, maternal characteristics, and sanitation facilities) associated with the incidence of toddler diarrhea in the working area of Puskesmas Leuwisadeng Kabupaten Bogor in 2024. This study uses a cross-sectional design with a sample of 103 respondents. Analysis was conducted using chi-square tests and logistic regression predictive models. The results show a relationship between family income (5.05; 1.10-23.20), toddler feces disposal behavior (4.55; 1.81-11.42), healthy latrine facilities (4.35; 1.70-11.16), and drinking water facilities (3.49; 1.41-8.62). The variable predicted to have the most significant impact on the incidence of diarrhea in children under five in the working area of the Leuwisadeng Community Health Center is toddler feces disposal behavior (8.81; 2.72-28.50).
S-11712
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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