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Hasil penelitian pada Curent State Map menunjukkan 90% waktu pelayanan rawat jalan poliklinik paru merupakan kegiatan yang tidak bernilai tambah (waste) dan hanya 10 % yang merupakan kegiatan bernilai tambah (value added). Usulan perbaikan dengan metode lean dituangkan dalam Future State Map dan diproyeksi dapat menurunkan kegiatan non value added menjadi 69,2% dan meningkatkan kegiatan value added menjadi 30,7%. Menurunkan waktu tunggu dari awalnya 279 menit menjadi 72 menit
Kata Kunci: Lean Hospital; Lean Thinking; Poliklinik Paru; Rawat Jalan; Waktu Tunggu.
Long waiting time on outpatient services will reduce customer satisfaction. From the employee side, not knowing the actual workload causes the employees to easily complain and ask to be held additional employees who may actually be unnecessary. In this study, the researcher observed the outpatient service process flow process and the time used by the patient to perform the treatment process at the Lung Polyclinic of RSUD Pasar Minggu and analyzed the work load and the calculation of the HR requirement of lung specialist doctor. From the results of observations conducted waste analysis and mapping Outstanding Output Value Stream Map.
The results of the research on the Curent State Map shows 90% of the outpatient service time of pulmonary polyclinic is an activity that is not value added (waste) and only 8% is a value added activity. Proposed improvement by lean method, set forth in the Future State Map is projected to reduce non value added activities to 69.2% and increase value added activities to 30.7% and reduce waiting time from 279 minutes to 72 minutes.
Key words: Ambulatory service; Lean Thinking, Lean Hospital; Waiting Time
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif (analitik observasional) untuk melihat alur pelayanan resep obat dan mengidentifikasi pemborosan pelayanan resep obat. Dan didukung oleh penelitian kuantitatif (analisis deskriptif) untuk memperoleh data perhitungan waktu setiap tahapan proses pelayanan resep obat.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui rata-rata waktu tunggu pelayanan resep obat non racikan selama 89.6 menit (88.17% kegiatan menunggu) dan 124.70 menit (82.10% kegiatan menunggu) pada pelayanan resep obat racikan.
Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi bahwa terdapat 8 jenis pemborosan (DOWNTIME) pada pelayanan resep obat. Usulan perbaikan dengan metode lean diharapkan dapat menurunkan waktu tunggu menjadi 66.67% pada pelayanan resep obat non racikan dan 56.67% pada pelayanan resep obat racikan.
Kata kunci : farmasi; metode lean; pemborosan; waktu tunggu
Long waiting times on prescription services will reduce patient satisfaction and lead to inefficient services. Lean is one of the methodologies that can be used to deal with inefficiencies in health services. This study aims to analyze the application of lean method in reducing waiting time of outpatient prescription services at Pasar Minggu public hospital in 2017.
This study used qualitative research methods (observational analytics) to examine the flow and identify waste of prescription drug services. And also supported by quantitative research (descriptive analysis) to get the exact calculation of every step of prescription drug services.
Based on the result of the research, it is known that the average waiting time of medicine prescription services is 89.6 minutes (88.17% waiting activity) and 124.70 minutes (82.10% waiting activity) of personalized medicine prescription services.
The study identified that there were 8 types of waste (DOWNTIME) in prescription services. The future improvement by lean method is expected to reduce waiting time to 66.67% on medicine prescription services and 56.67% on personalized medicine prescription services.
Keywords : pharmacy; lean methode; waste; waiting times
Waiting time is one indicator of health services. The increase in waiting time in the Emergency Department (ED) has an impact on longer treatment days, increased mortality and reduced patient satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to determine the length of stay for services at the emergency department of the Tangerang General Hospital using lean method to determine waste at each stage of activity. This research method is operational research with qualitative and quantitative approaches, primary data sources taken from direct observation using time motion study techniques and in-depth interviews. The waiting time at the ER at the Tangerang Regency General Hospital is 852.92 minutes for inpatients and 564.24 minutes for outpatients. The length of time for each service is as follows: triage is 11.83 minutes, waiting time for an emergency room doctor examination is 32.25 minutes, drug administration time and action is 22.33 minutes, waiting time for laboratory examination is 106.07 minutes, waiting time for examination radiology 140.15 minutes, waiting time for specialist doctor consultation 146.54 minutes, waiting time for inpatient registration 164.8 minutes, waiting time for inpatient admission 58.5 minutes, patient administration time going home 89.6 minutes. The largest nonvalued added activity is waiting for specialist consultations. Found 2 types of waste, namely waiting (93.3%) and motion (6.7%). After conducting an analysis using the 5 why method, the root of the problem was found in the number of nurses, not yet maximally carrying out tupoksi, hospital information system applications that are less user friendly, specialist doctors are not standby and consultation SOPs are not optimally run, lack of clinical experience of doctors ER, as well as the unavailability of the ward. The conclusion, t the waiting time in the ER at the Tangerang General Hospital exceeds the standard time (4 hours). The lean approach is appropriate to look for waste in health service activities so that problem solving efforts can be obtained to improve service waiting times in the IGD RSU Tangerang Gneral Hospital
The length of waiting time is one of the indicators for a hospital in maintaining the quality of its services, waiting too long will lead to negative assessments from patients regarding the quality of service. Outpatient visits of patients at Sungai Dareh Hospital continue to increase, in 2020 the outpatient polyclinic serves 72.22% of the total visits to Sungai Dareh Hospital so that outpatient satisfaction can be a reflection of the services of Sungai Dareh Hospital. According to a report from the quality committee in 2019, the waiting time for outpatient services still exceeded the target of 72.11 minutes which should have been according to the Dharmasraya Regent's Regulation Number 2014 concerning the SPM of Sungai Dareh Hospital 60 minutes. The purpose of this study was to reduce the patient's waiting time to get outpatient services at Sungai Dareh Hospital, Dharmasraya Regency with the lean kaizen method. This research method is operational research with qualitative and quantitative approaches with primary data sources taken through direct observation with time-motion study techniques and in-depth interviews. The results of this study found 2 types of waste, namely 79.49% waiting for waste, 20.51% overprocessing waste after applying the lean kaizen method with the PDCA approach, there was a decrease in lead time from 98.38 minutes to 74.42 minutes with a decrease in TNVAT from 86.27 minutes to 63.50 minutes. This study concludes that the PDCA approach to lean kaizen is appropriate for conditions where the most waste is related to human behavior. The results of this study have not been maximized because the lean kaizen method must be carried out continuously and continuously so the researcher's advice is to make continuous monitoring a priority.
Mutu pelayanan kesehatan sangat dipengaruhi oleh waktu tunggu pasien, yang merupakan indikator penting dari kepuasan pasien. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 129 menetapkan waktu tunggu maksimal 60 menit untuk pelayanan rawat jalan. RSUD Pasar Minggu telah menerapkan reservasi online untuk mengurangi waktu tunggu, namun waktu tunggu di klinik rehabilitasi medik masih tinggi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Lean untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengurangi pemborosan dalam proses pelayanan. Metodologi : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain action-research dengan pendekatan kualitatif, 24 pasien BPJS klinik rehabilitasi medik yang mendaftar melalui online akan dijadikan sampel sebagai data observasi waktu tunggu dengan metode time-motion Hasil : Hasil penelitian dengan pendekatan Lean berhasil mengidentifikasi waste waiting pada tahap pelayanan dokter sebagai waste tertinggi, akar masalah yang ditemukan pada waktu tunggu pelayanan dokter yang lama teridentifikasi metode fishbone analysis mencakup kurangnya SDM, tata letak ruangan, serta belum adanya SPO pada pelayanan pasien pendaftaran online. Intervensi dilakukan mengikuti prinsip Lean yaitu standardized work dan visual management. Berdasarkan perhitungan future state map secara simulatif dapat menurunkan lead time dari 2 jam 28 menit menjadi 1 jam 46 menit dengan penurunan persentase aktivitas non value added (¯28%). Ksesimpulan : kombinasi penerapan prinsip Lean yang dibutuhkan mencakup prinsip heijunka, standardized work, visual management, dan 5S dapat waste (NVA) dari 2 jam menjadi 1 jam 16 menit (¯63%).
The quality of healthcare services is significantly influenced by patient waiting times, which are a crucial indicator of patient satisfaction. The Ministry of Health Regulation No. 129 sets a maximum waiting time of 60 minutes for outpatient services. RSUD Pasar Minggu has implemented online reservations to reduce waiting times; however, waiting times at the medical rehabilitation clinic remain high. Therefore, this study uses a Lean approach to identify and reduce inefficiencies in the service process. Methodology : This study uses an action-research design qualitative approaches, employing probability sampling to select a sample of 24 BPJS patients who registered online at the medical rehabilitation clinic. Results : The Lean approach identified "waiting" waste at the doctor service stage as the highest waste. The root cause analysis using the fishbone method identified long doctor service waiting times caused by the shortage of human resources, inefficient room layout, and the absence of Standard Operating Procedures (SPO) for online registration patients. Interventions were implemented following Lean principles, including standardized work and visual management. A future state map simulation showed that lead time could be reduced from 2 hours 28 minutes to 1 hour 46 minutes, with a 28% reduction in non-value-added activities. Conclusion : The combination of Lean principles needed includes heijunka, standardized work, visual management, and 5S. These principles successfully reduced non-value-added activities from 2 hours to 1 hour 16 minutes, a 63% decrease.
Kata kunci: waktu tunggu, metode lean hospital, waste, value stream mapping, kegiatan value added, kegiatan non value added.
