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Lami Trisetiawati; Pembimbing: Besral; Penguji: Poppy Yuniar, Adhy Nugroho
Abstrak:
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya risiko strokeberulang pada pasien paska stroke pertama di RS Pusat Otak Nasional dan faktorrisikonya.Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah cohort retrospektif. Sampel dalam penelitianini adalah semua pasien stroke serangan pertama yang menjalani pelayanan rawatinap pada tahun 2014 dan memiliki catatan rekam medik yang lengkap. Analisisdata mengunakan regresi cox multivariat.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada bulan ≤ 15,umur ≥ 60 tahunmemiliki risiko lebih besar untuk terjadinya stroke berulang ; pada bulan < 15,overweight memiliki risiko lebih tinggi untuk terjadinya stroke berulang; padabulan ≤ 15, obesitas memiliki risiko lebih tinggi untuk terjadinya stroke berulang;pada bulan ≤ 30, pre hipertensi memiliki risiko lebih tinggi untuk terjadinya strokeberulang ; pada bulan ≤ 15, hipertensi grade 1 dan 2 memiliki risiko yang lebihtinggi untuk terjadinya stroke berulang, ; kontrol yang tidak teratur memilikirisiko 8,71 kali lebih tinggi untuk terjadinya stroke berulang.Kata kunci : analisis survival, stroke berulang, stroke.
Objective: This study aims to determine the risk of recurrent strokein patientswith post-stroke first in the brain center of the national hospitaland the risk factorsthat influence.Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort. The sample in this study is thefirst to attack all stroke patients who underwent inpatient services in 2014 and hada complete medical record. Analysis of data using multivariate cox regression.Results: The results showed that in ≤ 15, ≥ 60 years of age have a greater risk forrecurrent stroke; in <15 overweight have a higher risk for recurrent stroke; in ≤15, obesity have a higher risk for recurrent stroke; in ≤ 30, pre-hypertension are athigher risk forrecurrent stroke; in ≤ 15, hypertension grade 1 and 2 have a higherrisk for the recurrent stroke; control irregular had 8.71 times higher risk forrecurrent strokeKey words : Survival analysis, reccurrent stroke, stroke.
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Objective: This study aims to determine the risk of recurrent strokein patientswith post-stroke first in the brain center of the national hospitaland the risk factorsthat influence.Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort. The sample in this study is thefirst to attack all stroke patients who underwent inpatient services in 2014 and hada complete medical record. Analysis of data using multivariate cox regression.Results: The results showed that in ≤ 15, ≥ 60 years of age have a greater risk forrecurrent stroke; in <15 overweight have a higher risk for recurrent stroke; in ≤15, obesity have a higher risk for recurrent stroke; in ≤ 30, pre-hypertension are athigher risk forrecurrent stroke; in ≤ 15, hypertension grade 1 and 2 have a higherrisk for the recurrent stroke; control irregular had 8.71 times higher risk forrecurrent strokeKey words : Survival analysis, reccurrent stroke, stroke.
S-9310
Depok : FKM-UI, 2017
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Regina Tambunan; Pembimbing: Kemal Nazaruddin Siregar; Penguji: Martya Rahmaniati Makful, Tris Eryando, Budi Kurniawan, Tiopan Sipahutar
Abstrak:
Tesis ini membahas pengaruh karakteristik demografi, persepsi kerentanan terkait pengetahuan sistem reproduksi, kerentanan terkait prilaku pacaran dan pengalaman seksual, kerentanan terkait perkawinan dan keinginan mempunyai anak dengan umur ideal kawin pertama pada remaja (15-24 tahun) di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif. Rancangan penelitian dilakukan secara potong lintang atau cross sectional. Variabel penelitian akan diukur dan dikumpulkan dalam satu waktu. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) Tahun 2017 Remaja. Data umur ideal kawin pertama akan dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat dengan uji Regresi Linear dan Anova, dan multivariat dengan menggunakan analisis jalur (path analysis) dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS 25. Hasil penelitian diketahui rata-rata umur ideal kawin pertama remaja perempuan usia 15-24 tahun adalah 23 tahun walaupun diketahui 1,1% remaja masih memiliki umur ideal kawin pertama pada umur ≤ 18 tahun. Selain itu, hubungan antara umur ideal kawin pertama kali dengan umur remaja, umur pada saat pertama kali menstruasi, umur ideal memiliki anak pertama kali, jumlah anak ideal memiliki hubungan yang significant secara statistik. Sedangkan hubungan umur ideal kawin pertama dengan umur pertama kali pacaran dan umur pertama kali melakukan hubungan seksual tidak memiliki hubungan yang significant secara statistik. Umur remaja merupakan variable independent langsung yang mempengaruhi umur ideal kawin pertama dimana secara langsung umur remaja memiliki pengaruh 7,8% terhadap umur ideal kawin pertama remaja. Jika variabel umur melalui umur pertama kali menstruasi akan memiliki pengaruh 0,68% terhadap umur ideal kawin pertama, begitu juga pengaruh variabel umur melalui umur ideal memiliki anak pertama kali akan memberikan pengauhi 0,74% terhadap umur ideal kawin pertama. Sehingga variabel umur remaja memiliki pengaruh yang paling besar jika langsung atau tidak melewati variabel antara terhadap umur ideal kawin pertama kali
The focus of this study is the influence of demographic characteristics, perceive susceptibility related to knowledge of the reproductive system, perceive suceptibility related to dating behavior and sexual experience, perceive suceptibility related to marriage and the desire to have children with the ideal age of first marriage in adolescents (15-24 years old) in Indonesia. This study is a descriptive analytical research using quantitative research methods. The research design is used a cross-sectional appoach. The research variables will be measured and collected at one time. This study uses secondary data from the 2017 Indonesian Health Demographic Survey (IHDS) for Adolescents. The data of the ideal age of the first marriage will be analyzed univariately, bivariate with Linear Regression and Anova tests, and multivariate with path analysis using the SPSS 25 application. The results of the study show that the average ideal age of first marriage for adolescent girls aged 15-24 years is 23 years old, although it is known that 1.1% of adolescents still have an ideal age for first marriage at the age of ≤ 18 years. In addition, the relationship between the age at the time of menstruation, the ideal age of having children for the first time, and the ideal number of children with the ideal age of first marriage of adolescence had a statistically significant relationship. Meanwhile, the relationship between the age of first dating, the age of first sexual intercourse and the ideal age of first marriage does not have a statistically significant relationship. Adolescent age is a direct independent variable that affects the ideal age of first marriage where adolescent age directly has an influence of 7.8% on the ideal age of first marriage of adolescents. If the age variable through the age of first menstruation will have an effect of 0.68% on the ideal age of first marriage, as well as the influence of the age variable through the ideal age of having a child for the first time will give caregivers 0.74% to the ideal age of first marriage. So that the adolescent age variable has the greatest influence if it directly or does not pass the intermediate variable on the ideal age of first marriage.
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The focus of this study is the influence of demographic characteristics, perceive susceptibility related to knowledge of the reproductive system, perceive suceptibility related to dating behavior and sexual experience, perceive suceptibility related to marriage and the desire to have children with the ideal age of first marriage in adolescents (15-24 years old) in Indonesia. This study is a descriptive analytical research using quantitative research methods. The research design is used a cross-sectional appoach. The research variables will be measured and collected at one time. This study uses secondary data from the 2017 Indonesian Health Demographic Survey (IHDS) for Adolescents. The data of the ideal age of the first marriage will be analyzed univariately, bivariate with Linear Regression and Anova tests, and multivariate with path analysis using the SPSS 25 application. The results of the study show that the average ideal age of first marriage for adolescent girls aged 15-24 years is 23 years old, although it is known that 1.1% of adolescents still have an ideal age for first marriage at the age of ≤ 18 years. In addition, the relationship between the age at the time of menstruation, the ideal age of having children for the first time, and the ideal number of children with the ideal age of first marriage of adolescence had a statistically significant relationship. Meanwhile, the relationship between the age of first dating, the age of first sexual intercourse and the ideal age of first marriage does not have a statistically significant relationship. Adolescent age is a direct independent variable that affects the ideal age of first marriage where adolescent age directly has an influence of 7.8% on the ideal age of first marriage of adolescents. If the age variable through the age of first menstruation will have an effect of 0.68% on the ideal age of first marriage, as well as the influence of the age variable through the ideal age of having a child for the first time will give caregivers 0.74% to the ideal age of first marriage. So that the adolescent age variable has the greatest influence if it directly or does not pass the intermediate variable on the ideal age of first marriage.
T-7120
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Tyra Septi Diana; Pembimbing: Sutanto Priyo Hastono; Penguji: Sudijanto Kamso, Popy Yuniar, Misti, Ananda
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Diabetes melitus tipe 2 meningkat pada usia 15-24 tahun akibat perubahan gaya hidup, pola makan yang cepat berkembang. Hal ini disebabkan oleh peningkatan glukosa darah akibat kurangnya produksi insulin oleh pankreas (International Diabetes Federation, 2023). Usia 15-24 tahun dengan diabetes tipe 2 memiliki risiko komplikasi yang lebih tinggi dan mempengaruhi kesehatan di usia dewasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan diabetes melitus tipe 2 pada kelompok usia 15-24 tahun usia 15-24 tahun di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional menggunakan data SIPTM pada penduduk usia 15-24 tahun di Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta tahun 2022. Hasil: Prevalensi diabetes melitus pada usia 15-24 tahun di Provinsi DKI Jakarta tahun 2022 sebesar 2,0%. Faktor risiko yang paling dominan terhadap kejadian diabetes melitus tipe 2 pada kelompok usia 15-24 tahun adalah riwayat keluarga DM (AOR = 8,171). Faktor-faktor terhadap kejadian diabetes melitus tipe 2 pada kelompok usia 15-24 tahun adalah hipertensi (AOR=5,227), konsumsi gula berlebih (AOR=1,342), merokok (AOR=1,327), indeks massa tubuh (AOR= 1,303), obesitas sentral (AOR=1,204), dan konsumsi buah dan sayur (AOR=0,854). Saran: Merencanakan program untuk meningkatkan dukungan keluarga dalam menerapkan pola hidup sehat sejak dini. Perlu memperdetail pertanyaan kuesioner pada variabel konsumsi buah dan sayur, konsumsi gula garam lemak berlebih dan aktivitas fisik. Penelitian dengan analisis lanjut diperlukan dalam penelitian ini.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus increases at the age of 15-24 years due to fast-growing changes in lifestyle and diet. This is caused by an increase in blood glucose due to a lack of insulin production by the pancreas (International Diabetes Federation, 2023). Ages 15-24 with type 2 diabetes have a higher risk of complications and affect health in adulthood. This study aims to determine the risk factors related to type 2 diabetes mellitus in the age group of 15-24 years and 15-24 years in DKI Jakarta Province. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design using SIPTM data in the population aged 15-24 years at the DKI Jakarta Provincial Health Office in 2022. Results: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus at the age of 15-24 years in DKI Jakarta Province in 2022 was 2.0%. The most dominant risk factor for the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the age group of 15-24 years was a family history of DM (AOR = 8.171). Results: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus at the age of 15-24 years in DKI Jakarta Province in 2022 was 2.0%. The most dominant risk factor for the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the age group of 15-24 years was a family history of DM (AOR = 8.171). The factors for the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the age group of 15-24 years were hypertension (AOR=5.227), excess sugar consumption (AOR=1.342), smoking (AOR=1.327), body mass index (AOR=1.303), central obesity (AOR=1.204), and fruit and vegetable consumption (AOR=0.854). Suggestion: Plan a program to increase family support in implementing a healthy lifestyle from an early age. It is necessary to detail the questionnaire questions on the variables of fruit and vegetable consumption, sugar consumption, salt, excess fat and physical activity. Research with further analysis is needed in this study.
T-6979
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Leila Ramadhani: Pembimbing: Tris Eryando; Penguji: R. Sutiawan, Rico Kurniawan, Muhammad Syukri
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Epidemi HIV di Indonesia masih terkonsentrasi pada populasi kunci, namun dalam satu dekade terakhir tren penularannya cenderung bergeser ke populasi umum. Perbedaan karakteristik epidemiologi kedua kelompok tersebut menunjukkan perlunya pendekatan spasial dalam pengendalian HIV. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola spasial dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan distribusi penemuan ODHIV baru pada populasi kunci dan populasi umum di 35 kabupaten/kota Provinsi Jawa Tengah tahun 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi ekologi dengan data sekunder dari Sistem Informasi HIV/AIDS (SIHA) Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Tengah tahun 2024, Profil Kesehatan, serta Badan Pusat Statistik. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan Global Moran's I, Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA), dan Spatial Autoregressive Model (SAR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa distribusi ODHIV baru pada populasi kunci tidak memiliki autokorelasi spasial yang signifikan, sedangkan pada populasi umum ditemukan autokorelasi spasial positif yang signifikan (Global Moran's I = 0,2215; p = 0,016). Analisis LISA mengidentifikasi Kabupaten Karanganyar sebagai satu-satunya klaster high-high pada populasi umum. Model SAR merupakan model terbaik untuk populasi umum dan menunjukkan adanya ketergantungan spasial antarwilayah (ρ = 0,696; p < 0,001). Kepadatan penduduk merupakan satu-satunya faktor yang berhubungan signifikan dengan peningkatan penemuan ODHIV baru (p < 0,001), sedangkan faktor demografi lainnya, sosial ekonomi, dan akses pelayanan kesehatan tidak berhubungan signifikan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa distribusi penemuan ODHIV baru pada populasi umum dipengaruhi oleh faktor spasial, sedangkan pada populasi kunci tidak ditemukan pola spasial yang bermakna. Temuan ini mendukung pemanfaatan pendekatan spasial untuk mengidentifikasi wilayah prioritas, khususnya klaster high high, sehingga dapat menjadi dasar dalam perencanaan deteksi dini, penguatan layanan HIV dan alokasi sumber daya kesehatan yang lebih efektif di Provinsi Jawa Tengah.
transmission has increasingly expanded to the general population over the past decade. The distinct epidemiological characteristics of these two populations underscore the importance of adopting a spatial approach to HIV prevention and control. This study aimed to examine the spatial distribution and factors associated with the distribution of newly identified people living with HIV (ODHIV) among key populations and the general population across the 35 districts and municipalities of Central Java Province in 2024. An ecological study design was employed using secondary data obtained from the 2024 HIV/AIDS Information System (SIHA) of the Central Java Provincial Health Office, the Central Java Provincial Health Profile, and Statistics Indonesia. Spatial analysis were performed using Global Moran's I, Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA), and the Spatial Autoregressive (SAR) model. The findings indicated that the spatial distribution of newly identified ODHIV among key populations did not exhibit significant spatial autocorrelation. In contrast, significant positive spatial autocorrelation was observed among the general population (Global Moran's I=0.2215; p=0.016). LISA identified Karanganyar District as the only statistically significant high-high cluster. Based on spatial diagnostic tests, the SAR model provided the best fit for explaining the spatial variation in newly identified ODHIV among the general population and demonstrated significant spatial dependence across neighboring areas (ρ=0.696; p<0.001). Population density was the only area-level factor significantly associated with an increased rate of newly identified ODHIV (p<0.001), whereas other demographic, socioeconomic, and healthcare access variables were not significantly associated. These findings suggest that the spatial distribution of newly identified ODHIV in the general population is influenced by spatial dependence, whereas no meaningful spatial pattern was identified among key populations. The results highlight the value of spatial analytical approaches in identifying priority areas, particularly high-high clusters, to support targeted HIV screening, strengthen HIV service delivery, and improve the allocation of public health resources in Central Java Province.
T-7587
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Risma; Pembimbing: Martya Rahmaniati Makful; Penguji: Iwan Ariawan, Tris Eryando, Dian Sidiq Arsyad, Argianto
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Lansia adalah kelompok yang rentan di masa pandemi COVID-19. Oleh karena itu diperlukan pemetaan vaksinasi untuk masyarakat lansia, terutama di Pulau Jawa, sehingga dapat menganalisis cakupan vaksinasinya di tiap Kab/Kota. Sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan analisis spasial cakupan vaksinasi COVID-19 dosis 1 dan dosis 2 pada sasaran prioritas lansia di Pulau Jawa sejak awal diadakan vaksinasi pada bulan Januari tahun 2021 sampai bulan Mei tahun 2022.Analisis spasial sebagai metode peneltian yang memetakan objek berdasarkan posisi geografis menjadi alat bantu yang tepat dalam Decision Support System dalam menganalisis pemetaan cakupan vaksinasi COVID-19 dosis 1 dan dosis 2 di Pulau Jawa. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan adanya autokorelasi spasial antar wilayah di Pulau Jawa. Oleh karena itu dapat disimpulkan bahwa persentase jumlah lansia yang dilakukan Vaksin dosis 1 dan Vaksin dosis 2 di 118 kabupaten/kota di Pulau Jawa cenderung berkelompok (cluster) pada lokasi yang berdekatan. Hasil ini diharapkan dapat menjadi pertimbangan bagi pemerintah daerah dan dinas kesehatan dalam mengambil langkah selanjutnya dalam memastikan cakupan vaksinasi COVID-19 yang merata untuk tiap Kab/Kota di Pulau Jawa.
The elders are a vulnerable group during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, it is necessary to map out vaccinations for the elderly, especially in Java, to analyze the vaccination coverage in each district/city. The purpose of this study is to conduct a spatial analysis of the coverage of COVID-19 vaccination doses one and dose two at the elderly priority targets on Java Island since the initial vaccination was held from January 2021 until May 2022. Spatial analysis is research method that maps objects based on geographical position. This method becomes the suitable tool in the Decision Support System to analyze the mapping of COVID-19 vaccination coverage doses one and two on the island of Java. The results obtained indicate that there is a spatial autocorrelation between regions in Java. Therefore, it can be concluded that the percentage of the elderly who received dose one and dose two vaccines in 118 districts/cities on the island of Java tended to be clustered in adjacent locations. This result is expected to be a consideration for local governments and health offices in taking the next step in ensuring equitable COVID-19 vaccination coverage for each district/city on the island of Java.
T-7527
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Dinar Andaru Mukti; Pembimbing: Artha Prabawa; Penguji: Trisari Anggondowati, Wahyu Septiono, Maryati Sutarno, Zamhir Setiawan
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Kebutuhan Keluarga Berencana (KB) yang tidak terpenuhi (unmet need) masih menjadi kendala utama KB di banyak negara dan juga Indonesia. Permasalahan yang dihadapi Indonesia antara lain tingginya angka kebutuhan KB yang tidak terpenuhi serta adanya disparitas antar wilayah karena belum meratanya pelaksanaan program KB dan kesehatan reproduksi. Misalnya, angka kebutuhan KB yang tidak terpenuhi di kawasan Indonesia timur cenderung lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kawasan Indonesia barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan determinan kebutuhan KB yang tidak terpenuhi di kedua kawasan tersebut. Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder pemutakhiran pendataan keluarga dari BKKBN tahun 2022. Sebanyak 337.623 Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) di kawasan Indonesia timur dan 1.564.437 PUS di kawasan Indonesia barat merupakan sampel pada penelitian ini. Regresi logistik ganda digunakan untuk menentukan hubungan antara umur istri, pekerjaan istri, pendidikan istri, pendidikan suami, jumlah anak hidup, kepesertaan JKN/asuransi kesehatan, keterpaparan informasi dari petugas, keterpaparan informasi dari media, dan jumlah anak ideal. Kebutuhan KB yang tidak terpenuhi sebanyak 17,7% di kawasan Indonesia timur dan 13,3% di kawasan Indonesia barat. Di kedua daerah, umur istri, pendidikan istri, pendidikan suami, jumlah anak hidup, kepesertaan JKN/asuransi kesehatan, keterpaparan informasi dari petugas, keterpaparan informasi dari media, dan jumlah anak ideal berhubungan dengan kebutuhan KB yang tidak terpenuhi. Sedangkan untuk kawasan Indonesia barat, status pekerjaan istri juga berhubungan dengan kebutuhan KB yang tidak terpenuhi. Determinan kebutuhan KB yang tidak terpenuhi di kawasan Indonesia timur dan barat hampir seluruhnya sama sehingga program-program untuk mengatasi kebutuhan KB yang tidak terpenuhi tidak perlu berbeda.
Unmet need for family planning is still a major obstacle to family planning in many countries, including Indonesia. Problems faced by Indonesia include high rates of unmet need for family planning and disparities between regions due to uneven implementation of family planning and reproductive health programmes. For example, the unmet need for family planning in eastern Indonesia tends to be higher than in western Indonesia. This study aims to determine the differences in the determinants of unmet need for family planning in the two regions. The study used secondary data from the family data record update from BKKBN in 2022. A total of 337,623 fertile ages couples in eastern Indonesia and 1,564,437 fertile ages couples in western Indonesia were sampled. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the association between wife's age, wife's occupation, wife's education, husband's education, number of living children, JKN/health insurance participation, exposure to information from staff, exposure to information from the media, and ideal number of children. Unmet need for family planning was 17.7% in eastern Indonesia and 13.3% in western Indonesia. In both regions, wife's age, wife's education, husband's education, number of living children, JKN/health insurance participation, exposure to information from staff, exposure to information from the media, and ideal number of children were associated with unmet need for family planning. For western Indonesia, wife's employment status was also associated with unmet need for family planning. The determinants of unmet need for family planning in eastern and western Indonesia are almost entirely the same, so programmes to address unmet need for family planning do not need to be different.
T-7013
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Eva Dwiyanti Lestari; Pembimbing: Milla Herdayati; Penguji: Rico Kurniawan, Rizky Hasby, Usep Solehudin
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Latar Belakang: Prevalensi HIV pada waria di Indonesia meningkat signifikan (28,9% pada 2023). Penelitian ini menganalisis perbedaan determinan penggunaan kondom secara konsisten antara waria yang membeli dan menjual seks. Metode: Analisis sekunder data Survei Terpadu Biologis dan Perilaku (STBP) 2023 dengan desain cross-sectional pada 2.103 responden waria menggunakan regresi logistik. Hasil: Penggunaan kondom secara konsisten lebih tinggi pada waria penjual seks (38,3%) dibanding pembeli seks (12,3%). Pada pembeli seks, determinan utama adalah usia <42 tahun dan kemudahan akses kondom (AOR=6,65). Pada penjual seks, faktor yang berpengaruh adalah pendidikan, tinggal dengan pasangan seks, paparan informasi HIV, riwayat IMS, tidak konsumsi alkohol sebelum seks, dan keikutsertaan program HIV. Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan determinan perilaku antara kedua kelompok. Intervensi harus fokus pada perluasan akses kondom fisik bagi pembeli seks dan penguatan program edukasi serta komunitas bagi penjual seks.
Background: HIV prevalence among transgender women (Waria) in Indonesia has risen sharply to 28.9% in 2023. This study analyzes the differing determinants of consistent condom use between those who buy and sell sex. Methods: A secondary analysis of the 2023 Integrated Biological and Behavioral Survey (IBBS) was conducted using a cross-sectional design and logistic regression on 2,103 respondents. Results: Consistent condom use was higher among sellers (38.3%) than buyers (12.3%). For sex buyers, key determinants were age <42 years and ease of condom access (AOR=6.65). For sex sellers, significant factors included education, living with a partner, HIV information exposure, STI history, avoiding alcohol before sex, and HIV program participation. Conclusion: Behavior determinants differ between the two groups. Interventions should prioritize expanding physical condom access for buyers and strengthening educational and community-based programs for sellers.
T-7492
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Izzatul Mardiah Saini; Pembimbing: Tris Eryando; Penguji: Martya Rahmaniati Makful, Nining Mularsih, Tiopan Sipahutar
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Penanggulangan dan pengobatan tuberkulosis semakin sulit dan menantang dengan munculnya varian mycrobacterium tuberculosis yang resisten terhadap obat. Tuberkulosis yang resisten terhadap obat merupakan risiko kesehatan global dan dapat mmenyebabkan tingginya angka kematian. DKI Jakarta merupakan salah satu provinsi yang tercatat sebagai provinsi dengan angka kejadian tuberkulosis dan TB-RO tertinggi di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan diabetes mellitus dan HIV dengan ketahanan hidup pasien TB-RO selama masa pengobatan di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Desain penelitian ini adalah kohort retrospektif pada 1100 pasien TB-RO yang menjalani pengobatan pada Januari 2021-Desember 2023 dan tercatat pada Sistem Informasi Tuberkulosis. Analisis yang dilakukan analisis univariat, kaplan-meier, bivariat menggunakan regresi cox dan multivariat dengan cox proportional hazard. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan 18,8% pasien TB-RO mengalami kematian dengan incidence rate kematian 15 per 1000 orang-bulan dengan probabilitas survival kumulatif sebesar 79,69%. Status HIV positif (HR 2,17; 95% CI: 1.14 – 4,12) berhubungan dengan ketahanan hidup pasien TB-RO. Status HIV positif pada pasien tuberkulosis yang resistan terhadap obat dapat mempercepat kematiannya. Pentingnya peningkatan kolaborasi program terutama TB-HIV agar pasien TB-RO dengan HIV mendapatkan pengobatan dan pemantauan yang tepat
The prevention and treatment of tuberculosis have become increasingly complicated and challenging with the emergence of drug-resistant variants of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Drug-resistant tuberculosis poses a global health risk and can lead to high mortality rates. DKI Jakarta is one of the provinces in Indonesia with the highest incidence of tuberculosis and drug-resistant TB (TB-DR). The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between diabetes mellitus and HIV with the survival of TB-DR patients during treatment in DKI Jakarta Province. The study design is a retrospective cohort study involving 1100 TB-DR patients who underwent treatment from January 2021 to December 2023 and were registered in the Tuberculosis Information System. The analysis included univariate analysis, Kaplan-Meier analysis, bivariate analysis using Cox regression, and multivariate analysis with Cox proportional hazard. The results of the study showed that 18.8% of TB-DR patients experienced mortality, with an incidence rate of 15 per 1000 person-months and a cumulative survival probability of 79.69%. HIV-positive status (HR 2.17; 95% CI: 1.14 – 4.12) was associated with the survival of TB-DR patients. Being HIV-positive in drug-resistant tuberculosis patients can accelerate their mortality. The importance of enhancing collaborative programs, especially TB-HIV programs, is crucial to ensure that TB-DR patients with HIV receive appropriate treatment and monitoring.
T-7011
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Raras Anasi; Pembimbing: Wahyu Septiono; Penguji: Lhuri Dwianti Rahmartani, Martya Rahmaniati Makful, Nurul Puspa Sari , Melyana Lumbantoruan
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ISPA (Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut) merupakan salah satu penyebab utama morbiditas balita di Indonesia, dengan prevalensi sebesar 36,9% pada tahun 2024 dan menunjukkan peningkatan dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya. Berdasarkan data Kementerian Kesehatan, prevalensi ISPA pada balita tertinggi terdapat di Pulau Jawa (38,4%-49,1%). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi wilayah hotspot dan coldspot ISPA di Pulau Jawa serta menganalisis determinannya menggunakan data SSGI 2024. Hotspot didefinisikan sebagai wilayah dengan kejadian tinggi yang dikelilingi wilayah berkejadian tinggi, sedangkan coldspot merupakan kondisi sebaliknya. Analisis pola spasial dilakukan menggunakan Moran's I dan Getis-Ord Gi*, sementara hubungan antarvariabel dianalisis dengan regresi logistik multilevel tiga level (individu, rumah tangga, dan kabupaten/kota). Hasil analisis, diketahui adanya autokorelasi spasial (Moran's I=0,220; p=0,001) dengan 15 kabupaten/kota sebagai hotspot yang sebagian besar berada di Jawa Barat dan Banten, serta 7 kabupaten/kota sebagai coldspot yang berada di Jawa Timur bagian timur dan sebagian Jawa Tengah. Wilayah hotspot meningkatkan risiko ISPA (OR=1,725; 95%CI:1,05-2,52) dan coldspot bersifat protektif (OR=0,58; 95%CI: 0,33-1,04). Faktor risiko signifikan lainnya meliputi jenis kelamin laki-laki (OR=1,05; 95%CI: 1,00-1,10), usia (OR=1,03; 95%CI: 1,00-1,04), wasting (OR=1,15; 95%CI: 1,03-1,29), underweight (OR=1,31; 95%CI: 1,19-1,43), overweight (OR=0,75; 95%CI: 0,63-0,89), pendidikan ibu rendah (OR=1,11; 95%CI: 1,05-1,18), ibu bekerja (OR=0,94; 95%CI: 0,89-0,99), sosial ekonomi kuintil terbawah (OR=1,16; 95%CI: 1,04-1,28), kepadatan hunian tidak memenuhi syarat (OR = 1,17; 95%CI: 1,07-1,29), dan kepadatan penduduk (OR = 1,04; 95%CI: 1,00-1,08). Nilai ICC rumah tangga 0,589 dan kabupaten/kota 0,064 pada full model mengindikasikan adanya variasi antar klaster dan membenarkan penggunaan model multilevel. Distribusi ISPA di Pulau Jawa menunjukkan pola spasial yang bermakna dengan perbedaan risiko yang signifikan antara wilayah hotspot dan coldspot berdasarkan faktor individu, keluarga, dan wilayah. Temuan ini menegaskan perlunya intervensi kesehatan berbasis wilayah dengan prioritas pada kabupaten/kota hotspot.
Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) represent one of the leading causes of morbidity among children under five in Indonesia, with a prevalence of 36.9% in 2024, representing an increase from the preceding year. Based on data from the Ministry of Health, the highest prevalence of ARI among children under five is found in Java Island (38.4%–49.1%). This study aimed to identify hotspot and coldspot areas of ARI in Java Island and to analyze their determinants using data from the 2024 SSGI. Hotspots are defined as high-incidence areas surrounded by neighboring areas of similarly elevated incidence, whereas coldspots represent the opposite condition. Spatial pattern analysis was conducted using Moran's I and Getis-Ord Gi*, while associations between variables were examined using three-level multilevel logistic regression at the individual, household, and district/city levels. The results revealed the presence of spatial autocorrelation (Moran's I = 0.220; p = 0.001), with 15 districts and cities identified as hotspots, predominantly located in West Java and Banten, and 7 districts and cities identified as coldspots, situated in eastern East Java and parts of Central Java. Hotspot classification was associated with a significantly increased risk of ARI (OR = 1.725; 95% CI: 1.05–2.52), while coldspot classification was found to be protective (OR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.33–1.04). Other significant risk factors included male sex (OR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.00–1.10), age (OR = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.00–1.04), wasting (OR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.03–1.29), underweight (OR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.19–1.43), overweight (OR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.63–0.89), low maternal education (OR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.05–1.18), maternal employment (OR = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.89–0.99), lowest socioeconomic quintile (OR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.04–1.28), household overcrowding not meeting standard requirements (OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.07–1.29), and population density (OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.00–1.08). The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) at the household level (0.589) and district/city level (0.064) in the full model indicated the presence of between-cluster variation, thereby justifying the use of a multilevel modeling approach. The distribution of ARI in Java Island demonstrated a significant spatial pattern, with meaningful risk differences between hotspot and coldspot areas attributable to individual, household, and regional factors. These findings underscore the need for area-based health interventions, with priority given to districts and cities identified as hotspots.
T-7624
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Helmi Safitri; Pembimbing: Kemal N. Siregar; Penguji: Tris Eryando, Milla Herdayati, Rahmadewi, Dian Kristiani Irawaty
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Penelitian ini membahas begaimana pengaruh pemberian payanan KB terhadap unmet need pada wanita menikah usia 15-49 tahun di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan analisis lanjutan SDKI 2017 dengan menggunakan desain penelitian potongl lintang pada wanita menikah atau tinggal bersama usia 15-49 tahun sebanyak 35.681 wanita yang dianalisis menggunakan uji chi square dan regresi logistik ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian layanan KB yang kurang terakses memiliki kejadian unmet need (11,5%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pemberian layanan KB yang terakses (6,9%). Kurang teraksesnya pemberian layanan KB dalam memberikan informasi tentang KB kepada wanita menikah usia 15-49 tahun memiliki peluang 2,269 lebih tinggi untuk mengalami unmet need setelah di kontrol oleh variabel status pekerjaan, wilayah tempat tinggal dan jumlah anak hidup (IK 95%= 1,948-2,642). Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan peningkatan pemberian layanan KB dalam pemberian informasi KB agar masyarakat sebagai klien dapat dengan mudah mengakses informasi mengenani KB terutama bagi wanita yang bekerja, tinggal diperkotaan dan memiliki beberapa anak, sehingga dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran untuk menggunakan KB dengan pilihan KB yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan.
This study was conducted to assess the extent of the effect of family planning services delivery on unmet needs in married women aged 15-49 years in Indonesia. Unmet need is a phenomenon in the area of population that requires serious and immediate handling because it can hamper the increase in CPR and decrease TFR, population growth rate, MMR, and IMR. The provision of family planning services delivery is important in meeting one's needs for using family planning by selecting the right family planning tool according to their needs, to overcome unmet need. This study is an advanced analysis of the 2017 IDHS by using a cross-sectional study design of married or living women aged 15-49 as many as 35,681 women analyzed using the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression, with unmet need as the dependent variable and KB service delivery as a variable independent, as well as several confounding variables. The results showed that the provision of family planning services delivery that were less accessible by respondents had a risk of 2.269 to experience unmet needs compared to those accessed (95% CI = 1.948- 2,642). Therefore, it is necessary to increase the provision of family planning services in providing family planning information so that clients can easily access information about family planning, especially for women who work, live in urban areas and have several children, to increase knowledge and awareness to use family planning according to needs.
T-5891
Depok : FKM-UI, 2020
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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