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Latar belakang: Pelaporan Insiden Keselamatan Pasien (IKP) penting untuk memahami penyebab insiden dan meningkatkan keselamatan pasien. Tingkat pelaporan IKP oleh perawat di RSJPDHK tahun 2023 hanya 15,9%, menunjukkan masih banyak insiden yang tidak dilaporkan dan akan melemahkan kapasitas sistem pelaporan untuk mendorong pembelajaran. Penelitian terdahulu (2014-2023) mengidentifikasi bahwa faktor individu, psikologis, dan organisasi sebagai determinan penerapan pelaporan IKP.
Tujuan: Mengetahui determinan individu, psikologis, dan organisasi yang berkaitan dengan penerapan pelaporan IKP oleh perawat di RSJPDHK tahun 2024.
Metode: Penelitian kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus dilakukan pada bulan Juli – Oktober 2024. Penelitian ini melibatkan lima orang kepala unit kerja dan dua orang dari Komite Mutu melalui wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen.
Hasil: Penerapan pelaporan IKP meningkat pada tahun 2022-2024, namun belum merata di seluruh unit kerja. Perawat yang rutin melaporkan IKP menunjukkan pengetahuan yang lebih baik dan motivasi yang lebih tinggi. Hambatan psikologis lebih sedikit dirasakan pada perawat yang aktif melapor. Determinan organisasi yang paling banyak mendapat respon negatif meliputi supervisi kepala unit, pelatihan, dan dukungan manajemen berupa champion keselamatan pasien.
Kesimpulan: Akar permasalahan belum meratanya penerapan pelaporan IKP di RSJPDHK yaitu pelatihan yang belum efektif dan ketiadaan instrumen yang merinci pelaksanaan supervisi kepala unit dan uraian aktivitas champion keselamatan pasien.
Background: Patient Safety Incident (PSI) reporting is crucial for understanding the causes of incidents, which serve as a basis for improving patient safety. The PSI reporting rate by nurses at National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita (NCCHK) in 2023 was 15,9%, indicating that many incidents remain unreported, which weakens the reporting system’s capacity to drive learning. Previous research (2014-2023) identified individual, psychological, and organizational factors as determinants of PSI reporting implementation. Objective: To identify individual, psychological, and organizational determinants related to the implementation of PSI reporting by nurses at NCCHK in 2024. Method: A qualitative study with a case study design was conducted from July-October 2024. The study involved five units head and two members from the Quality Committee through in-depth interviews and document reviews. Results: The implementation of PSI reporting increased from 2022-2024 but remains inconsistent across all units. Nurses who regularly report PSI demonstrated better knowledge and higher motivation. Psychological barriers were less prominent among nurses who actively reported incidents. Organizational determinants receiving the most negative responses included unit head supervision, training, and patient safety champions. Conclusion: The root causes are ineffective training, the absence of detailed instruments outlining unit head supervision and specific activities for patient safety champions.
Patient safety is a global issue where the achievement is low, so that it needs to implement a patient safety culture. The patient safety culture is measured based on 12 elements of the patient's safety culture according to AHRQ and the application of 6 patient safety goals. Perceived causes of the problem is the work environment, team work, leadership, job satisfaction and job stress. At RSU Dharma Yadnya Denpasar, the staff's perception about patient safety culture is not known yet, but the incident rate is still high. The purpose of this research is to know the relation of determinant of factor which is related to patient safety culture. This research method is quantitative research with cross sectional design which analyzed by PLS, with sample of nurses and midwife implementer which is 72 respondent. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant correlation between work team, leadership, and work stress with the patient safety culture, respectively 3.707, 12.647, and 3.135 > T Statistics 1.96. While there is no significant relation between work environment and job satisfaction with patient safety culture equal to 1,336 and 0,328 < T Statistic 1,96. This study concludes that teamwork, decreased levels of work stress and the application of transformational leadership models need to be applied in an effort to improve the patient safety culture in the hospital.
Keselamatan pasien (patient safety) rumah sakit adalah suatu sistem dimana rumah sakit membuat asuhan pasien lebih aman. Sistem tersebut meliputi: assesmen resiko, identifikasi dan pengelolaan hal yang berhubungan dengan risiko pasien, dan seterusnya. Sejak dideklarasikannya pelaksanaan Patient Safety di Rumah Sakit X pada tahun 2009 hingga tahun 2011, tercatat Insiden Keselamatan Pasien (IKP) sebanyak 171 kasus, dimana IKP paling banyak yaitu sekitar 60% terjadi di pelayanan rawat inap. Melalui penelitian ini, dianalisis penyebab terjadinya IKP di ruang perawatan Rumah Sakit X. Studi dilakukan terhadap 100 perawat pelaksana dengan menggunakan desain cross sectional untuk melihat bentuk hubungan antara variabel individu, kompleksitas pengobatan, kerjama, gangguan/ interupsi, komunikasi, Standar Prosedur Operasional, dan kenyamanan tempat kerja terhadap kejadian IKP.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel karakteristik individu, yang terdiri dari usia, masa kerja, dan kompetensi; dan variabel kerja sama yang memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap kejadian IKP dengan nilai P value masing-masing sebesar 0.028, 0.010, 0.028, dan 0.012. Dengan kata lain variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kejadian IKP adalah variabel karakteristik individu sehingga hasil studi ini bisa menjadi pertimbangan bagi Bagian SDM, Komite Keperawatan dan Bagian Keperawatan Rumah Sakit X dalam melakukan seleksi dan pengembangan SDM Keperawatan dalam upaya meningkatkan keselamatan pasien.
Patient safety is a system to make patient care become safer. The systems include risk assessment, identifying and managing the risks associated with patient, and so on. Since the patient safety program has been declared in "X" Hospital in 2009 until 2011, there are 171 cases recorded as a number of the patient safety incident (PSI), most cases about 60% occur in inpatient unit. Through this study, determinants of PSI in inpatient unit X Hospital are analyzed. Study is applied to 100 nursing staffs by cross sectional study design in order to observe the correlation between variable of individual characteristic, medication complexity, teamwork, interruption, communication, standard of procedure operational, and work place comfortable to PSI.
Result shows that there is a significant correlation between variable of individual characteristic (include age, working time, and levels of competence) and teamwork to PSI, with the P value: 0.028, 0.010, 0.028, and 0.012. In other word, the most significant variable to PSI is individual characteristic variable so it could be a consideration to recruit and do improvement based on patient safety by Human Resources, Nursing Committee and Nursing Unit of X Hospital.
