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Instalasi Farmasi berperan penting dalam menentukan pelayanan di rumah sakit. Untuk menunjang pelayanan di RSIA Hermina Bekasi menggunakan Daftar Obat Standar (DOS) yang berisi 297 jenis obat dengan jumlah investasi sebesar Rp. 11.619.812.975. Besarnya investasi yang dikeluarkan untuk obat dan jumlah obat yang cukup banyak sehingga memerlukan suatu pengendalian obat yang akurat agar kebutuhan pasien dapat terpenuhi. Metode min-max yang digunakan oleh RSIA Hermina Bekasi belum dapat memenuhi kebutuhan akan obat sesuai dengan kebutuhannya. Pengendalian obat akan lebih mudah dilakukan apabila dibuat pengelompokan obat menurut tingkat pemakaian, tingkat investasi dan tingkat kekritisannya, kemudian menentukan jumlah pemesanan yang ekonomis (EOQ) dan frekuensi pemesanannya serta melakukan peramalan untuk menentukan kebutuhan obat dimasa yang akan datang dan menghitung sub total inventory cost (TIC) untuk mengetahui besarnya pengeluaran bila metode pengendalian menggunakan metode EOQ.
Dengan analisis ABC obat dikelompokkan berdasarkan pemakaian dan besarnya investasi yang kemudian dilakukan analisis ABC indeks kritis. Dari hasil pengelompokan didapat kelompok A 59 item (19,87 %) dengan nilai investasi sebesar RP. 8.209.446.631 (70,65 %), kelompok B 76 item (25,59 %) dengan nilai investasi Rp. 2.358.977.896 (20,30 %) dan kelompok C 162 item (54,55 %) dengan nilai investasi sebesar Rp. 1.051.388.448 (9,05 %). Kemudian dilakukan peramalan terhadap obat kelompok A Analisis ABC Indeks Kritis dengan menggunakan metode Brown's Linear. Kemudian dibandingkan dengan perencanaan yang dilakukan oleh rumah sakit dengan membandingkan nilai MAD kemudian dilakukan perhitungan jumlah pemesanan optimal (EOQ) dan perhitungan frekuensi pemesanan optimal (ROP) untuk tahun 2010. Dari hasil perhitungan dan perbandingan Sub Total Inventory Cost (TIC) EOQ dan Rumah Sakit diperoleh TIC Rumah Sakit lebih besar dari TIC EOQ.
Installation pharmacy played an important role in determining either advisability the service of a hospital. To support services on RSIA Hermina Bekasi using a list of medicine standard (DOS) containing 297 drugs by the number of investment amounting to Rp. 11.619.812.975, investment by the magnitude of its issued for medicinal and the quantity of medicine enough so as to require a drug control accurate to the needs of patients could be met. A method of min max used by RSIA Hermina Bekasi not yet able to meet the need for medicine according to needs. Control of drug will more easily performed when made a grouping of medicine according to the level of discharging, that level of investment and level extent of critical, then determining the amount of reserving which was economical (EOQ) and frequency order and do forecasting to determine the needs of a drug dimasa that will come and do the count sub total inventory cost (ROP) to know the magnitude of spending if a method of control of using methods eoq.
With the ABC analysis of drug consumption and grouped by size of investments which are then carried out a critical analysis of the ABC index. Grouping of results obtained from A group of 59 items (19,87%) with an investment value of RP. 8.209.446.631 (70,65%), Group B 76 items (25,59%) with the value of an investment of Rp. 2.358.977.896 (20.30%) and Group C 162 item (54,55%) with an investment value of Rp. 1.051.388.448 (9.056%). Then conducted against drug Group A forecasting analysis of the ABC index Critical by using Brown?s Linear Methode. Then compared with the planning that is performed by the hospital by comparing the value of the MAD then conducted the calculation of the optimum amount of reservation (EOQ) calculation of them optimal ordering and frequency (ROP) for the year 2010. From the results of a calculation and comparison of The Total Inventory Cost (TIC) EOQ and Hospital acquired TIC Hospitals greater than TIC EOQ.
Kata Kunci : Penglolaan, pengendalian, farmasi, obat
Drug management is one important aspect of hospital management. This study is aiming at analysing drug management in pharmacy unit National Stroke Hospital Bukittinggi. This case study was using qualitative approach. The study revealed that drug management and monitoring controlling were not well performed. A high percentage of drug stock out in 2017 was found 7,6% out of 421 drugs item each month, while number of expired drugs was high, reaching 10,45% compared to 0% as target.. Planning to prioritize purchasing of drugs using VA, EA and NA drug need to implement in order to prevent stock out. To avoid expired drug, hospital need to purchased based on ROP and Safety Stock. VA group is the highest priority that include 10 drug item where NS 500 cc infusion fluid is the top one in the group. NS 500 cc infusion fluid would need Safety Stock as much as 23.400 number as Safety Stock and ROP 34.860.
Keywords : Management, control, pharmacy, drug
This operation research is to find out drug planning and controlling at Zahirah General Hospital in 2010. The first step of this research was qualitative one, about drug logistic cycle of Zahirah General Hospital, mainly on planning and controlling. It was done by deep interviews and observations. The second step was conducting ABC and ABC critical index analyses. The third step was forecasting the use of group A Critical Index drugs in 2010 by using the 10 time series method of WinQSB 2.0 Version program, the best method is chosen by the smallest bias parameter. Based on this information, Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) and Re Order Point (ROP) were calculated.
Tujuan khusus penelitian ini adalah (1) mendapatkan gambaran mengenai logistic farmasi RS Ananda dalam hal kebijakan, organisasi, sarana, dan SDM; (2) menentukan kelompok nilai pemakaian, nilai investasi, dan nilai kritis yang mempunyai nilai tinggi, sedang, dan rendah; (3) menyusun perencanaan penyediaan obat dengan menentukan jumlah pemesanan yang ekonomis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dan diperkuat dengan analisa deskriptif dimana data diperoleh dari data primer yaitu observasi, wawancara dengan coordinator gudang, manager penunjang medis, dan direktur, dan kuesioner. Sedangkan data sekunder didapat dari laporan pemakaian obat-obatan tahun 2004 dan harga dari obat-obatan selama periode tahun 2004. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan analisa ABC Indeks Kritis didapatkan 21 item obat yang termasuk kategori sangat kritis. Dari ke-21 item ini kemudian dicari nilai EOQ dan ROP sehingga didapatkan jumlah pemesanan yang ekonomis dan kapan kita harus memesan kembali obat-obatan tersebut.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi proses perencanaan dan pengendalian obat-obatan Rumah Sakit Ananda yaitu kebijakan yang berhubungan dengan kegiatan logistik farmasi khususnya belum dibuatnya daftar formularium, ketidakjelasan organisasi logistik farmasi ,keterbatasan tenaga baik dari kualitas maupun kuantitas, dan sarana yang tersedia di gudang farmasi belum memadai. Upaya yang dilakukan untuk memperbaiki perncanaan dan pengendalian obat-obatan di gudang farmasi RS Ananda yaitu dengan menggunakan metode analisis ABC Indeks Kritis dan pengendalian persediaan dengan EOQ dan ROP, meningkatkan kualitas maupun kuantitas Sumber Daya Manusia, meningkatkan sarana yang terdapat di gudang farmasi, membuat daftar formularium, membuat SOP yang berhubungan dengan kegiatan logistik farmasi. Tujuannya adalah agar perencanaan dan pengendalian obat-obatan Rumah Sakit Ananda dapat berjalan dengan efektif dan efisien.
One of the activities in the hospital, in the logistic department is a strategic one after Human Resources in which one of the most strategic medical supporting activities for the hospital management is a service activity at the pharmaceutical installation. Drugs are big investment in a hospital as well as the biggest revenue for the hospital. With such big investment and large number of items are essential for the optimum management, among other things are good planning and control system. Drugs stock at pharmaceutical warehouse of Ananda Hospital of monthly in 2004 is Rp. 383.538.740,00 of the total monthly average stock (initial stock plus purchase) that is 1.033.562.530,00 or about 37,1%. Remaining stock as for December 25, 2003 is Rp. 537.805.000,00 increasing 35,5% to Rp. 729.111.577,00 as for December 25, 2004. This suggests that the increase in the drug stock is not counterbalanced with drug intake thus representing a good hospital in terms of both service and finance of Ananda Hospital.
General objective of this research is to identify the drug stock available at the pharmaceutical warehouse of Ananda Hospital Bekasi, planning and control the number of economical drug orders in order that the drugs in the large number are available that are optimum. Specific objective of this research is to obtain the representation of the pharmaceutical logistics of Ananda Hospital in terms of desirability, organization, means, and Human Resources; (2) to determine the group of application, investment, and critical values that have high, median and low values (3) to organize the drugs stock planning by determining economical amount of orders. This research is a quantitative research and is enforced with descriptive analysis where the data is obtained from the primary data that is observation, interview with the warehouse coordinator, medical supporting manager, and director, and questionnaire. Meanwhile the secondary data is obtained from the drugs administration report of year 2004 and the drugs price during the 2004 period. The results of this research using the analysis of ABC Critical Index are that 21 drug items are obtained including very critical category. Of these 21 items, then the EOQ and ROP values are requested so the economical amount of orders are obtained and when we should place order the drugs again.
Research results suggest that there are several factors that influence the drug planning and control process of Ananda Hospital that is the desirability concerning the activity of pharmaceutical logistic in particular the formularium list has not been developed, ambiguity in the pharmaceutical logistic organization, lack of personnel in terms of both quality and quantity, and the available means at the pharmaceutical warehouse is insufficient. The attempts that are made to correct the drugs planning and control at the pharmaceutical warehouse of Ananda Hospital is by using a ABC Critical Index ABC and stock control by EOQ and ROP methods, improving both quality and quantity of Human Resources, improving the means available at the pharmaceutical warehouse, developing formularium list, making SOP regarding the pharmaceutical logistic activities. Its aims are that the drug planning and control of Ananda Hospital may work effectively and efficiently.
This research was motivated by the occurrence of pending claims of BPJS Kesehatan inpatients at Hasanah Graha Afiah General Hospital (RSU HGA) in the service month of January to December 2022 as many as 493 files from a total of 5,603 files (8.8%). The total bills that experienced delays in claim payment amounted to Rp3,924,719,300 from the total submitted Rp27,912,112,900 (14.06%). The occurrence of pending claims at HGA Hospital should not occur or can be minimized if claims management can be managed properly. Therefore, this study aims to identify the causes of pending claims of BPJS Kesehatan inpatients at HGA General Hospital, as well as provide alternative solutions for managing BPJS Kesehatan inpatient claims at HGA General Hospital. This research is a case study research with a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out at the Casemix Unit, Inpatient Installation, and Medical Record Installation of HGA Hospital, from April to May 2023. Data sources include primary data and secondary data. Primary data are taken by means of in-depth interviews and observations, while secondary data through document review and literature review. The results showed a picture of pending claims for BPJS Kesehatan inpatients at HGA Hospital in 2022, including those related to filling out medical resumes (33.1%), BPJS Kesehatan confirmation requests related to medical problems and coding (33.1%), incomplete claim support files (17.6%), inaccuracy in providing medical action codes (3.6%), primary (2.8%) and secondary (2.1%) diagnoses, claims administration discrepancies (3.5%), and outbreak cases claimed to BPJS Kesehatan (4.2%). There was a delay in submitting BPJS Kesehatan claims by HGA Hospital to BPJS Kesehatan with an average delay of 5.7 days. Pending claims and delays in submitting HGA hospital claims are caused by input and process factors. Input factors include man factors, namely related to the number and competence of human resources, money, namely the availability of staff training funds, methods, namely the availability of internal hospital regulations, and machines, namely hospital information systems. Meanwhile, process factors include the completeness and timeliness of filling out medical resumes, the lack of attaching supporting evidence for claim files, the accuracy of providing disease codes and procedures, requests for confirmation by BPJS Kesehatan verifiers related to medical problems and coding, and claim administration. The researcher suggested to the management of HGA Hospital to conduct a review of the Workload Analysis (ABK) of the Casemix Unit and the placement of coder staff positions, improve the competence of officers through training both internal and external, develop information systems owned by the hospital for socialization, monitoring and evaluation purposes related to BPJS Kesehatan claim management, develop reward and punishment policies to specialists, as well as implementing SIMRS risk management. The findings of this research are expected to contribute to the development of BPJS Kesehatan claim management policies at HGA General Hospital.
