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Anemia remains public health issue that needs attention. Adolescent girls are thevulnerable group. Besides in their growth period condition, also the risk of theirmenstruation. Though adolescent girls are mother candidates, early efforts of nutritionalintervention should be implemented. Iron supplementation program is done to preventand cope with anemia and increase iron status of adolescent girls, although not alwayswork due to various factors. The objective of this study was to prove teacher support asthe dominant factor associated with hemoglobin level changes of adolescent girls in thisprogram. This research was conducted with cross-sectional design in two junior highschools beneficiaries program in Bekasi City with 175 adolescent girls subject. Thechanges of hemoglobin data was obtained from the difference of hemoglobin levelbefore and after measurement by giving iron supplementation for 10 weeks, which weresecondary data (ethics approved). Other data such as school support, characteristics ofadolescent girls, consumption patterns and characteristics of mothers were obtainedthrough interviewing based on questionnaire. The results of the study was Ironsupplementation effectively increased hemoglobin levels of adolescent girls (p = 0.005).Multiple linear regression analysis found that teacher support was the dominant factorassociated with changes in hemoglobin levels. This proves that completion of specificnutritional interventions requires sensitive efforts from the non-health sector. It issuggested to increase cross-sector collaboration in health program implementationespecially school-based Iron supplementation program.Keywords: anemia, adolescent girls, school-based iron supplementation, teacher,hemoglobin.
Dysmenorrhea is defined as menstrual pain that can be felt like cramps in lower middleabdomen, pelvic pain, bloated, and nausea. The aim of this study was to determine factorsand dominant factor associated to dysmenorrhea in adolescents. A cross-sectional studywas conducted among 177 female students in SMAN 5 Bekasi by anthropometrymeasurement for weight and height data, and self-administered questionnaire for age ofmenarche, physical activity, breakfast habits, family history of dysmenorrhea, menstrualduration, and stress data. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, two-mean difference,correlation, and multiple logistic regression analysis. The result showed that 85.9% ofrespondents had dysmenorrhea. Significant associations were found betweendysmenorrhea and breakfast habits (p = 0.044, OR = 1.3), and family history ofdysmenorrhea (p = < 0.001, OR = 6.8). Family history of dysmenorrhea is the dominantfactor because it has the highest OR score. Nonetheless, family history of dysmenorrheacan not be intervened nor changed, so breakfast habits are chosen factor to be intervened.Keywords: dysmenorrhea, adolescents, breakfast habits, family history of dysmenorrhea.
ABSTRAK
Kebugaran yang rendah berdampak pada penurunan produktivitas kerja dan daya tahan tubuh terhadap penyakit. Tesis ini bertujuan untuk menilai faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan kebugaran kardiorespiratori melalui tes bangku 3 menit YMCA. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada guru di Yayasan Asih Putera Kota Cimahi pada bulan Maret 2013. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode Crosssectional dengan jumlah sampel 80 orang. IMT ditentukan berdasarkan pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan, PLT diukur dengan BIA, aktivitas fisik diketahui melalui pengisian kuesioner Baecke, dan asupan gizi dihitung dengan menggunakan Food record 3 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan norma tes kebugaran bangku 3 menit YMCA sebanyak 66.2 persen guru tergolong tidak bugar. Uji Chi square menyatakan bahwa variabel umur, jenis kelamin, aktivitas fisik, IMT, PLT, asupan gizi berupa energi, karbohidrat, protein, lemak, vitamin B1, B2, B6, B12, Mg, Zn, dan Fe memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan kebugaran kardiorespiratori. Analisis Regresi Logistik Ganda menunjukkan variabel yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan kebugaran adalah aktivitas fisik (p<0.005, OR=48.34). Untuk meningkatkan kebugaran guru, disarankan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas fisik, pengendalian berat badan, pemberian suplemen, serta pembinaan terhadap pedagang makanan.
ABSTRACT
Phisical fitness has impact on the productivity and the body's resistance to disease. This study aims to assess the dominant factor related to fitness measured by cardiorespiratory endurance using YMCA 3-minute step test method. The subjects study was 80 teachers at Yayasan Asih Putera Cimahi in March 2013. This study using Cross-sectional design. BMI is determined by measuring weight and height, percent body fat measured by BIA, physical activity is known through the Baecke questionnaire, and nutrient intake was calculated by using 3 day Food record. The statistical test used was a Chi Square test and Multiple Logistic Regression for multivariate analysis. The results showed that 66.2 percent of the teachers classified as unfit group. Chi square test states that the variables age, sex, physical activity, BMI, PLT, a nutritional intake of energy, carbohydrate, protein, fat, vitamins B1, B2, B6, B12, Mg, Zn, and Fe had a significant association with cardiorespiratory fitness. Multivariate analysis showed that the dominant variable is associated with physical fitness is activity (p<0.005, OR= 48.34). It is suggested that sporting activities to have be done in order to increase the physical activity level, weight control, food supplements, as well as guidance to the food vendors.
Female adolescent student in boarding school are vulnerable in having anemia because pesantren’s life style is full of activicities and the students is far from their parents its causes irregular eating habit and lack of nutrition in their meals. This research compared the differences of haemoglobin level after weekly Fe tablet supplementation and weekly Fe tablet plus daily during menstruation Fe supplementation for 8 weeks. This study uses the Quasi Experimental Design The Non Equivalent Control Group. A total of 38 respondents participaten in this study 18 of them received a weekly Fe tablet Supplementation, 20 other respondents got a Fe tablet weekly plus daily during their menstruation cycle. There was a significant increase of haemoglobin level in both groups after the intervention for 8 weeks (group 1 p = 0.0005, group 2 p = 0.0005). This increase did not significant between the first and second group (p = 0.797). This study prove that 8 weeks of supplementation of Fe tablets with the high level of obedience in consuming the supplement is adequate in increasing the level of hemoglobin. The factors that can affects the increased number of hemoglobin are consumption of animal protein, consumption of inhibitors, consumption of enhancers, long menstruation cycle, knowledge, and the type of Fe tabet supplementation program.
