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ABSTRAK Nama : Syifa Pramudita Faddila Program Studi : Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Judul : Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik dan Konsumsi dengan Kejadian Overweight pada Anak Usia 10-12 Tahun Di Indonesia Tahun 2013 (Analisis Multilevel Data Riskesdas Tahun 2013) Pembimbing : dr.Iwan Ariawan, MSPH Kegiatan aktivitas fisik dan konsumsi makanan yang seimbang adalah upaya untuk menekan angka overweight pada masa anak-anak agar tidak berlanjut menjadi obesitas maupun penyakit degenaratif lainnya. Secara global, sebanyak 42 juta anak mengalami overweight pada tahun 2015 dan angka kegemukan di Indonesia sekitar 10,8% pada tahun 2013. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan aktivitas fisik dan konsumsi dengan kejadian overweight pada anak usia 10-12 tahun di Indonesia tahun 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder Riskesdas 2013 dengan desain studi cross sectional dimana sampel penelitian sebanyak 49.620 anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 14,5% anak mengalami overweight. Hanya aktivitas fisik yang memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan kejadian overweight (p=0,014), sedangkan konsumsi makanan berisiko (p=0,518) serta buah dan sayur (p=0,693) tidak signifikan terhadap kejadian overweight. Anak yang kurang aktif berisiko 1,11 kali (95% CI= 1,02–1,21) untuk menjadi overweight dibandingkan dengan anak yang aktif. Hasil analisis multilevel menunjukkan variasi kejadian overweight antar provinsi lebih besar jika dibandingkan dengan faktor risiko pada level individu (MOR=1,37). Kejadian overweight berhubungan dengan aktivitas fisik yang dilakukan anak-anak, sedangkan konsumsi tidak memiliki hubungan yang bermakna. Dibutuhkan strategi dan sosialisasi aktivitas fisik pada anak dengan melibatkan berbagai sektor dan built environment agar anak lebih aktif untuk mengurangi kejadian overweight. Kata kunci: Overweight, Aktivitas Fisik, Konsumsi
ABSTRACT Name : Syifa Pramudita Faddila Study Program : Public Health Title : Association between Physical Activity and Consumption with Overweight among Children Aged 10-12 Years in Indonesia 2013 (Multilevel Analysis of Riskesdas 2013) Counsellor : dr.Iwan Ariawan, MSPH Physical activity and balanced food consumption is an attempt to reduce overweight in childhood so as not to continue to be obese or other degenerative diseases. Globally, 42 million children are overweight by 2015 and overweight in Indonesia is around 10.8% in 2013. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between physical activity and consumption with overweight among children aged 10-12 years in Indonesia 2013. This study uses secondary data Riskesdas 2013 with a cross sectional study design where the sample of research is 49,620 children. The results showed 14.5% of respondents had overweight. Only physical activity had significant association with overweight (p=0,014), whereas risky food consumption (p=0,518) with fruit and vegetable consumption (p=0,693) was not significant. Less active respondents were at risk 1.11 times (95% CI= 1.02-1.21) to become overweight compared with active respondents. Multilevel analysis results show that variation in overweight between provinces is greater when compared to risk factors at the individual level (MOR=1.37). Overweight are related to the physical activity of children, while consumption is unrelated. It needed strategy and promotion of physical activity in children by involving parents and built environment to make children more active to reduce overweight. Keywords: Overweight, Physical Activity, Consumption
Breastfeeding is one of the interventions of the first 1000 day movement of life with atarget of 2 years, but this target is still far from reality. Globally 74% of children arebreastfed to 1 year of age, in Africa 70% of children are breastfed to 1 year of age, inAmerica 45% of children are breastfed to 2 years of age and in Indonesia 56.7% ofchildren are breastfed until the age of 23 months, while the target is 80% childrenbreastfed to 1 year of age and 60% to 2 years of age. This study aims to determine therelationship of mother's work with the duration of breastfeeding in Indonesia in 2013. Theresearch design is cross-sectional. The sample of the research is the mother who haschildren aged 0-23 months using Riskesdas data in 2013. The data were analyzed withunivariable, bivariable and multivariable survival analysis. Mother not working(65.05%), ideal age (76.95%), married status (99.81%), high school graduated (30.67%),normal (90.38%) and rich ( 22.38%). Bivariat, there were significant relationship betweenmother work (p = 0,023) and birth process (p = 0,004) with duration of breastfeeding inIndonesia year 2013. Multivariable is known not relationship of mother's job with longbreastfeeding after controlled by covariat variable in Indonesia 2013. Recommended tothe Ministry of Health to strengthen the activities of ASI counselors and to train theexisting personnel in the area and to advocate with the labor service. BKKBN to advocatewith local governments to provide information on the importance of breastfeeding as onetype of contraception and subsequent researchers to explore more complex variables.Key words: breastfeeding, occupation, birth process, education, economics.
Kata kunci: Hipertensi, wanita, obesitas
Hypertension is an important public health challenge because it has a strong effect with cardiovascular disease and premature death. The number of hypertension increases from year to year. At the same risk factors, women are more susceptible to hypertension. Many factor that influence of hypertension, one of them is obesity. This study aims to determine the effect of obesity to hypertension in adult women (21-40 years old) in Indonesia, 2014. This study uses secondary data of Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS 5, 2014) with cross sectional study design. The number of samples is 6,861 people. The results of this study indicate that 6,861 of women aged 21-40 years old are 11.98% (95%CI: 10,76-12,01) hypertension, 24.78% (95%CI: 23,6-25,37) obesity. The results of multivariate analysis, there is no covariate variable that becomes confounding variable in influence of obesity to hypertension in this research, odds ratio influence obesity to hypertension is 3,29. This means that women with obesity have risk 3,29 to be hypertension. Health Office needs to improve the early detection program of hypertension, especially in obese women with aged 21-40 years olds. The society must apply a healthy lifestyle by maintaining food intake.
Key words: Hypertension,women, obesity
Global TB Report 2016 states only about 35,3% of people with TB who successfullyfound/has been reported in Indonesia of about 1.020.000 estimation of incident in theyear 2016. This is certainly making the risk of people with TB who still has not beenfound to transmit the disease will increase. From around the districts in Indonesia noteverything has a coverage of the discovery of TB cases. Many of the factors that lead toit, so the discrepancy in the discovery and reporting TB cases. The characteristics of thedistricts with TB households diagnosed it is important to note that when there are othercounties that have similar characteristics so it can be suspected the possibility ofdiagnosed TB households in the district Although no case of TB was found. This thesisexamines the characteristics of districts with TB households diagnosed in Indonesia.Research with secondary data analysis using Data Riskesdas 2013 and 2014 PODESData. The analysis conducted to see the difference in the proportion of each of thevariables and assess the influences between variables independent of the dependentvariable. Fractional regression test used to measure the value of risk variables areindependent of the dependent variable. The results showed the influence ofcharacteristics of household environment for the district comprising the counties withthe proportion of slum households (1%), with the proportion of the village have slums(0.3%), and district with the proportion the village does not exist health care facility(1%). Influence of the characteristics of district to household conditions physically seenfrom districts with solid household proportion (1%), with the proportion of householdsthere are no window (3%), and district with the proportion of the village that has a homethe staircase there are indoor pollution (1%), while the influence of the districts with theproportion of households with less lighting and a proportion of the village householdswithout electricity against the characteristics of districts with TB households is difficultto explained. Districts with low proportion of household economy (0.6%) influence onthe characteristics of districts with TB households diagnosed. This research suggestedthat the strengthening of programs related to TB prevention and control efforts on at-risk households and as a basis for the intervention priorities based on refinementsepidemic levels of TB at the district/city.Key words:TB, Influence, District.
