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Liza Maulidya; Pembimbing: Dadan Erwandi; Penguji: Baiduri Widanarko, Wahyudin Lihawa
Abstrak:
Skripsi ini membahas mengenai analisis at risk behaviour perilaku tidak aman pada pekerja di area furnacePT. X. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatifdengan menggunakan desain studi potong lintang cross sectional study dan total sampel sebanyak 78 responden. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari kuesioner yang diisi oleh responden sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh melalui dokumen perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan model Cooper's Reciprocal Safety Culture dimensiBehavioural Approach. Hasil: sebanyak 60 responden pekerja di area furnacemelakukan safe behaviourdan 40 lainnya melakukan at risk behaviour. Faktor individu yang berhubungan dengan at risk behaviouryang dilakukan oleh pekerja adalah pengetahuan terhadap keselamatan, motivasi terhadap keselamatan dan kepercayaan diri ketika bekerja. Faktor organisasi yang berhubungan dengan at risk behaviouryang dilakukan pekerja adalah komitmen manajemen, partisipasi terhadap keselamatan, dukungan rekan kerja dan komunikasi organisasi.
This thesis discusses about the analysis at risk behavior unsafe behavior on workers in the furnace area PT. X. This research is a quantitative research using cross sectional study design and total of 78 respondents. The data used in this research is primary data and secondary data. Primary data obtained from questionnaires filled by respondents while secondary data obtained through corporate documents. This research uses Coopers Reciprocal Safety Culture model of Behavioral Approach dimension. Results: 60 respodents in the furnace area doing safe behavior and 40 other doing at risk behavior. Individual factors associated woth at risk behavior by workers are safety knowledge, safety motivation and self efficacy in safety. Organizational factors related to at risk behavior by workers are management commitment, safety participant, co worker support and organizational communication.
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This thesis discusses about the analysis at risk behavior unsafe behavior on workers in the furnace area PT. X. This research is a quantitative research using cross sectional study design and total of 78 respondents. The data used in this research is primary data and secondary data. Primary data obtained from questionnaires filled by respondents while secondary data obtained through corporate documents. This research uses Coopers Reciprocal Safety Culture model of Behavioral Approach dimension.
S-9868
Depok : FKM-UI, 2018
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Fajar Afifatur Rahmah; Pembimbing: Robiana Modjo; Penguji: Dadan Erwandi, Jimmy Tiarlina, Astuti
Abstrak:
PT X merupakan perusahan fabrikasi plat baja yang dalam produksinya terdapat proses pengecatan. Proses pengecatan terjadi pada area painting 1 dan 2. Berbagai faktor risiko kesehatan dapat terjadi akibat kontak dengan bahan kimia, salah satunya yaitu dermatitis kontak. Berbagai faktor dapat menyebabkan dermatitis kontak, faktor individu dan faktor pekerjaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis determinan faktor dermatitis kontak pada pekerja area painting PT X tahun 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dan sampel penelitian ini adalah seluruh pekerja di area painting yang berjumlah 69 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, observasi dan dokumen klinik perusahaan. Hasil penelitian yaitu Prevalensi dermatitis kontak pada pekerja area painting di PT X berdasarkan data primer adalah 31,9% dan data sekunder perusahaan Januari-Oktober tahun 2022 adalah 7,25%. Gambaran faktor individu terbanyak adalah usia <35 tahun, jenis pekerjaaan adalah operator, responden tidak memiliki riwayat atopi, personal hygiene responden baik dan selalu memakai APD sedangkan gambaran faktor pekerjaan terbanyak adalah lama kontak ≥ 6jam/hari, masa kerja <11 tahun, dan frekuensi kontak ≥5 kali/hari. Analisis inferensial terdapat hubungan kejadian dermatitis kontak dengan faktor individu yaitu jenis pekerjaan dan riwayat atopi serta terdapat hubungan kejadian dermatitis kontak dengan faktor pekerjaan yaitu lama kontak dan frekuensi kontak. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mencegah terjadinya dermatitis kontak yaitu mengkomunikasikan bahaya ditempat kerja, melakukan penyuluhan personal hygiene dan risiko kesehatan yang dapat terjadi, menyediakan APD yang tepat sesuai jenis bahan kimia serta edukasi penggunaan APD dengan benar, dan menginformasikan pekerja agar segera berobat jika terdapat gejala dermatitis kontak.
PT X is a steel plate fabrication company that produces a painting process. The painting process occurs in painting areas 1 and 2. Various health risk factors can occur due to contact with chemicals, one of which is contact dermatitis. Multiple factors can cause contact dermatitis, including individual factors and occupational factors. This study will analyze the determinants of contact dermatitis in PT X painting area workers in 2022. This study used a cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach. The population and sample of this study were all workers in the painting area, totaling 69 people-data collection using questionnaires, observations, and company clinical documents. The study results are that the prevalence of contact dermatitis in painting area workers at PT X based on primary data is 31.9% and secondary company data from January to October 2022 is 7.25%. The description of the most individual factors is age <35 years, the type of work is operator, the respondent has no history of atopy, the personal hygiene of the respondents is good and always uses PPE, while the description of the most occupational factors is the length of contact ≥ 6 hours/day, working period <11 years, and frequency contact ≥5 times/day. The inferential analysis found a relationship between the incidence of contact dermatitis and individual factors, namely the type of work and history of atopy. There was a relationship between the incidence of contact dermatitis and occupational factors, namely contact duration and frequency of contact. Efforts that can be made to prevent contact dermatitis include communicating hazards in the workplace, conducting personal hygiene education and health risks that can occur, providing appropriate PPE according to the type of chemical and educating workers on the correct use of PPE, and informing workers to seek treatment immediately if they have symptoms contact dermatitis.
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PT X is a steel plate fabrication company that produces a painting process. The painting process occurs in painting areas 1 and 2. Various health risk factors can occur due to contact with chemicals, one of which is contact dermatitis. Multiple factors can cause contact dermatitis, including individual factors and occupational factors. This study will analyze the determinants of contact dermatitis in PT X painting area workers in 2022. This study used a cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach. The population and sample of this study were all workers in the painting area, totaling 69 people-data collection using questionnaires, observations, and company clinical documents. The study results are that the prevalence of contact dermatitis in painting area workers at PT X based on primary data is 31.9% and secondary company data from January to October 2022 is 7.25%. The description of the most individual factors is age <35 years, the type of work is operator, the respondent has no history of atopy, the personal hygiene of the respondents is good and always uses PPE, while the description of the most occupational factors is the length of contact ≥ 6 hours/day, working period <11 years, and frequency contact ≥5 times/day. The inferential analysis found a relationship between the incidence of contact dermatitis and individual factors, namely the type of work and history of atopy. There was a relationship between the incidence of contact dermatitis and occupational factors, namely contact duration and frequency of contact. Efforts that can be made to prevent contact dermatitis include communicating hazards in the workplace, conducting personal hygiene education and health risks that can occur, providing appropriate PPE according to the type of chemical and educating workers on the correct use of PPE, and informing workers to seek treatment immediately if they have symptoms contact dermatitis.
T-6520
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Muhamad Fajar Maulidi Tanjung; Pembimbing: Robiana Modjo; Penguji: Hendra; Laksita Ri Hastiti, Reni Karnila Sari, Yuni Kusminanti
Abstrak:
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Isu stres terkait kerja diakui sebagai masalah global yang memengaruhi semua profesi. Industri manufaktur atau perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang pengolahan beresiko lebih tinggi mengalami stres dibanding jenis pekerjaan lain. Stress kerja merupakan akibat dari satu atau beberapa interaksi bahaya psikososial di tempat kerja. Hasil survey intenal PT X pada tahun 2021 dan 2022 menunjukan bahwa stres kerja merupakan yang paling banyak yang dikeluhkan karyawan. Tren kecelakaan kerja bulan Januari-April 2022 di area Hotpress terus meningkat yang didominasi penyebab perilaku tidak aman dan angka absenteisme pada bulan Februari 2022 mengalami kenaikan dua kali lipat dibanding bulan sebelumnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor psikososial terhadap distress pada pekerja di area Hotpress PT X Penelitian ini akan dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan desain studi cross sectional. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer melalui kuesioner secara daring (online). Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2022 – Juli 2022. Pekerja di area Hotpress PT. X didominasi oleh distress didominasi oleh tingkat distress sedang dan ringan hampir sebanding dengan masing-masing sebanyak 50% dan 49,2% serta tingkat distress berat sebanyak 2 orang (0,8%). Distress berat, sedang dan ringan mengalami keluahan gejala fisiologis berupa ganguan otot. Gejala emosional distress berat yang sering dikeluhkan adalah sulit rileks, mudah tersinggung, tegang, mudah sedih, memiliki persasaan bersalah, motivasi aktivitas sehari-hari menurun, kelelahan fisik dan emosional dengan frekuensi sering sampai selalu. Gejala kognitif distress berat yang sering dikeluhkan adalah sulit mengingat sesuatu dengan frekuensi selalu. Gejala perilaku distress berat yang paling banyak dilakukan adalah merokok lebih sering dari biasanya dan mengalami gangguan tidur dengan frekuensi sering samapai selalu. Semua variabel faktor psikososial didominasi oleh kategori kondisi “kurang baik” kecuali variabel budaya organisasi. Berdasar uji T Independent didapat bahwa setiap jenis kelamian (p=0,683) baik laki-laki maupun perempuan memiliki rata-rata tingkat distress yang sama. Berdasarkan uji anova diketahui setiap status pernikahan (p=0,111) baik belum menikah, menikah maupun cerai memiliki rata-rata tingkat distress yang sama. Berdarakan uji Chi-square didapat variabel usia (p=0,746; OR=1,142), masa kerja (p=0,704; OR=0,905), budaya organisasi (p=0,202; OR=1,432), pengembangan karir (p=0,699; OR=1,119), kontrol pekerjaan (p=0,097; OR=0,645) dan desain pekerjaan (p=0,794; OR=1,073) tidak ada hubungan dengan tingkat distress. Sedangkan varibel peran dalam organisasi (p=0,001; OR; 2,349), hubungan interpersonal (p=0,007; OR=2,056), hubungan rumah dan tempat kerja (p=0,000; OR 3,505), Beban kerja (p=0,003; OR=2,193), jadwal kerja (p=0,021; OR=1,851) dan kondisi lingkungan fisik kerja (p=0,000; OR=7,597) memilihi hubungan dengan distress. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian perlunya perbaikan terkait kondisi pada variabel peran dalam organisasi, pengembangan karir dengan kejelasan karir, kontrol pekerjaan dengan melibatkan pekerja, hubungan interpersonal tempat kerja dengan , hubungan rumah dan tempat kerja, desain kerja, beban kerja dengan mengevaluasi beban pekerja dengan kemampuannya, jadwal kerja dan kondisi lingkungan fisik kerja.
The issue of work-related stress is recognized as a global problem that affects all professions. Manufacturing industries or companies engaged in processing are at higher risk of experiencing stress than other types of work. Job stress is the result of one or more psychosocial threatening interactions at work. The results of PT X's internal survey in 2021 and 2022 show that work stress is the most complained of by employees. The trend of work accidents in January-April 2022 in the Hotpress area continues to increase, which is dominated by unsafe behavior and the absentee rate in February 2022 has doubled compared to the previous month. The purpose of this study is to analyze psychosocial factors on the pressure on workers in the Hotpress area of PT X. This research will be conducted using a quantitative approach and a cross sectional study design. The data used is primary data through a bold questionnaire (online). This research was conducted in March 2022 – July 2022. Workers in the Hotpress area of PT. X is dominated by distress, which is dominated by moderate and mild difficulty levels, almost equal to 50% and 49.2%, respectively, and 2 people (0.8%). Severe, moderate and mild distress experienced symptoms that were felt in the form of muscle disorders. Symptoms of emotional distress that are often complained of are difficulty relaxing, easy to make you tense, easy to feel sad, have feelings of guilt, decreased motivation for daily activities, physical and emotional fatigue with frequent to constant frequency. Cognitive symptoms of severe distress that are often complained of is remembering something with a frequency always. The most common symptoms of severe disorders are smoking habits more often than usual and experiencing sleep disturbances with a frequency that is often the same as always. All psychosocial factor variables are dominated by the “unfavorable” condition category except for the organizational culture variable. Based on the Independent T test, it was found that each gender (p = 0.683) both men and women had the same average level of distress. Based on the ANOVA test, it is known that each marital status (p = 0.111) is either unmarried, married or has the same average stress level. Based on the Chi-square test, the variables were age (p=0.746; OR=1.142), years of service (p=0.704; OR=0.905), organizational culture (p=0.202; OR=1.432), career development (p=0.699; OR =1.119), job control (p=0.097; OR=0.645) and job design (p=0.794; OR=1.073) had no relationship with the level of distress. While the role variables in the organization (p=0.001; OR; 2.349), interpersonal relationships (p=0.007; OR=2.056), home and work relations (p=0.000; OR 3.505), workload (p=0.003; OR= 2.193, work schedule (p = 0.021; OR = 1.851) and physical work environment conditions (p = 0.000; OR = 7.597) choose the relationship with difficulty. The results of the study need improvements related to conditions on role variables in the organization, career development with career careers, work control by involving workers, workplace interpersonal relationships with e-mail, home and workplace relations, work design, workloads with workers' workloads with their abilities, work schedules and physical conditions of the work environment.
T-6578
Depok : FKM UI, 2022
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Dimas Brilliant Sunarno Sunarno; Pembimbing: Sjahrul Meizar Nasri, Doni Hikmat Ramdhan; Penguji: Mila Tejamaya, Arief Zulkarnain, Aris Kristanto
Abstrak:
Tingkat kebisingan di Instalasi Pengolahan Air (IPA) cukup tinggi. Meningkatnya kebutuhan air bersih seiring dengan bertambahnya populasi penduduk, membuat Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) dituntut untuk meningkatkan kapasitas produksi. Terdapat alat-alat dan proses produksi yang memiliki karakteristik berbeda dibanding jenis industri lain. Terdapat 306 PDAM di seluruh Indonesia, potensi jumlah pekerja yang terpajan bising sangat besar, maka perlu diteliti lebih lanjut mengenai hubungan karakteristik bising serta faktor-faktor determinannya terhadap gangguan pendengaran pada pekerja di PDAM untuk memperoleh bentuk pengendalian yang paling tepat. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi potong lintang. Tahapan penelitian ini yaitu mengukur tingkat kebisingan serta memberikan kuesioner sebagai data primer, menganalisis hasil audiometri pekerja sebagai data sekunder dan menggunakan uji statistika Chi Square dan analisis multi determinan untuk mengetahui hubungan di antara variabel independen dan dependen. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa sumber bising di instalasi pengolahan air adalah pompa, exhaust fan, kompresor, blower, vacuum dan terjunan air. Sebanyak 84.4% pekerja di area produksi terpajan bising > 85 dBA. Sebanyak 15.6% pekerja mengalami gangguan pendengaran. Diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pekerja yang terpajan bising di atas 85 dBA yang memiliki frekuensi bising dominan > 2000 Hz dapat menyebabkan terjadinya gangguan fungsi pendengaran dan diperparah apabila pekerja berusia > 40 tahun dan memiliki masa kerja > 14 tahun. Kata kunci: Kebisingan, PDAM, Gangguan pendengaran, Frekuensi bising
Noise level in Water Treatment Plant (WTP) is high enough. Increasing the need for clean water in line with the increasing population, making the Water Supply Company (PDAM) is required to increase production capacity. There are machines and production processes that have different characteristics than other types of industries. There are 306 PDAMs throughout Indonesia, the potential number of workers exposed to noise is very large, it is necessary to further investigate the relationship between noise characteristics and its determinants to hearing loss to PDAM workers to obtain the most appropriate form of control. This study used a cross sectional study design. The stages of this study are to measure the noise level and provide questionnaires as primary data, analyzing the worker audiometric results as secondary data and using Chi Square statistical test and multi determinant analysis to find out the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The results obtained that the source of noise in water treatment plants are pumps, exhaust fan, compressor, blower, vacuum and waterfall. About 84.4% of workers in the production area exposed to noise > 85 dBA. About 15.6% of workers have hearing loss. It is concluded that exposure workers over 85 dBA with dominant noise frequency > 2000 Hz can cause hearing impairment and aggravate if workers are > 40 years old and have a working life > 14 years. Key words: Noise, Water supply company, Hearing loss, Noise frequency
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Noise level in Water Treatment Plant (WTP) is high enough. Increasing the need for clean water in line with the increasing population, making the Water Supply Company (PDAM) is required to increase production capacity. There are machines and production processes that have different characteristics than other types of industries. There are 306 PDAMs throughout Indonesia, the potential number of workers exposed to noise is very large, it is necessary to further investigate the relationship between noise characteristics and its determinants to hearing loss to PDAM workers to obtain the most appropriate form of control. This study used a cross sectional study design. The stages of this study are to measure the noise level and provide questionnaires as primary data, analyzing the worker audiometric results as secondary data and using Chi Square statistical test and multi determinant analysis to find out the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The results obtained that the source of noise in water treatment plants are pumps, exhaust fan, compressor, blower, vacuum and waterfall. About 84.4% of workers in the production area exposed to noise > 85 dBA. About 15.6% of workers have hearing loss. It is concluded that exposure workers over 85 dBA with dominant noise frequency > 2000 Hz can cause hearing impairment and aggravate if workers are > 40 years old and have a working life > 14 years. Key words: Noise, Water supply company, Hearing loss, Noise frequency
T-5214
Depok : FKM UI, 2018
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Muhammad Raihan Anugrah Pekerti; Pembimbing: Chandra Satrya; Penguji: Indri Hapsari Susilowati, Fayendra Fitra Akbar
Abstrak:
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Aspek ergonomi merupakan salah satu aspek yang perlu diperhatikan dalam lingkungan kerja, tidak terkecuali di sektor perkantoran. Pekerja kantor tidak terlepas dari beberapa isu ergonomi seperti postur janggal, postur statis, dan gerakan repetitif. Berdasarkan hasil observasi dan tinjauan dokumen perusahaan, aspek ergonomi masih menjadi permasalahan di PT X karena belum diterapkan secara maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor ergonomi pekerja kantor PT X dengan menggunakan desain studi yang bersifat deskriptif dan eksploratif dengan pendekatan analisis kualitatif. Hasil analisis dan pengukuran faktor ergonomi menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar kegiatan pekerja administrasi di PT X berada pada kondisi ”fitting the man to the job” dimana 5 dari 7 pekerja harus menyesuaikan diri dengan kondisi pekerjaan. Hal ini disebabkan karena adanya interaksi dari postur janggal para pekerja, frekuensi dan durasi kerja yang tidak aman (faktor pekerjaan); desain kursi dan meja, ketinggian monitor, luas area kerja serta koridor yang kurang memadai (faktor peralatan); serta kurangnya intensitas pencahayaan area kerja (faktor lingkungan). Dengan demikian, PT X perlu meningkatkan perhatian terkait aspek ergonomi diantaranya melalui pengadaan peralatan kerja yang ergonomis, penggantian lampu di area kerja, serta edukasi rutin kepada para pekerja terkait pentingnya aspek ergonomi di perkantoran.
Ergonomics is one aspect that needs to be considered in the work environment, including the office sector. Office workers cannot be separated from several ergonomic issues such as awkward postures, static postures, and repetitive movements. Based on the results of observations and review of company documents, ergonomic aspects are still a problem at PT X because they have not been implemented optimally. This study aims to analyse the ergonomic factors of PT X office workers using a descriptive and exploratory study design with a qualitative analysis approach. The results of the analysis and measurement of ergonomic factors show that most of the activities of administrative workers at PT X are in the condition of "fitting the man to the job" where 5 out of 7 workers must adjust to work conditions. This is due to the interaction of the workers awkward postures, unsafe work frequency and duration (work factors); inadequate chair and table design, monitor height, work area and corridors (equipment factors); and lack of work area lighting intensity (environmental factors). Thus, PT X needs to increase attention related to ergonomic aspects, including through the procurement of ergonomic work equipment, replacement of lights in the work area, and regular education to workers regarding the importance of ergonomic aspects in the office.
S-11722
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Ade Saptari; Pembimbing: Chandra Satrya; Penguji: Robiana Modjo, Ellen Happy Forever
S-6589
Depok : FKM UI, 2011
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Rina Febri Panjaitan; Oembimbing: Fatma Lestari; Penguji: Abdul Kadir, Arif Prihantono
Abstrak:
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Iklim keselamatan merupakan persepsi pekerja tentang pentingnya perilaku aman saat bekerja berkaitan dengan kebijakan, keselamatan, prosedur, praktik, serta seluruh kepentingan dan prioritas keselamatan kerja. Iklim keselamatan yang buruk akan ditandai dengan peningkatan stress pekerja, komunikasi keselamatan yang buruk, dan kurangnya dukungan sehingga dapat menormalkan perilaku tidak aman, merusak kesadaran situasional, dan meningkatkan kemungkinan kecelakaan. Pengukuran iklim keselamatan dapat dijadikan perusahaan sebagai leading indicator untuk acuan dalam membuat/memperbaiki program keselamatan yang sudah ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis profil safety climate pada area support point di PT X Tahun 2025 berdasarkan dimensi komitmen manajemen, komunikasi keselamatan, aturan dan prosedur, lingkungan yang mendukung, akuntabilitas pribadi, dan pelatihan. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional dengan metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner (data primer). Jumlah sampel yang dianalisis sebanyak 118 orang. Analisis data digunakan melalui analisis deskriptif dan inferensial (Uji Mann Whitney dan Kruskal Wallis). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa profil safety climate di area support point PT X tahun 2025 sudah baik, dengan rata – rata nilai 5,18. Seluruh dimensi yang diukur mendapatkan rata – rata skor 4,98 – 5,31. Skor rata – rata safety climate pada kelompok usia, masa kerja, dan pendidikan menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan pada dimensi komitmen manajemen, komunikasi keselamatan, dan pelatihan.
Safety climate is a worker's perception of the importance of safe behavior at work in relation towards policies, safety, procedures, practices, and overall safety interests and priorities. A poor safety climate will be characterized by increased worker stress, poor safety communication, and lack of support thus normalizing unsafe behavior, decreasing situational awareness, and increasing the likelihood of accidents. Safety climate measurements can be used by companies as a leading indicator in establishing / improving existing safety programs. This study aims to analyze the safety climate profile in the support point area at PT X in 2025 based on the dimensions of management commitment, safety communication, rules and procedures, supportive environment, personal accountability, and training. The research design used is cross sectional with data collection methods using questionnaires (primary data). The number of samples analyzed was 118 respondents. Data analysis was used through descriptive and inferential analysis (Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis Test). The results of this study indicate that the safety climate profile in the PT X support point area in 2025 is good, with an average score of 5.18. All dimensions measured get an average score of 4.98 - 5.31. The average safety climate score in the age, tenure, and education groups showed significant differences in the dimensions of management commitment, safety communication, and training.
Safety climate is a worker's perception of the importance of safe behavior at work in relation towards policies, safety, procedures, practices, and overall safety interests and priorities. A poor safety climate will be characterized by increased worker stress, poor safety communication, and lack of support thus normalizing unsafe behavior, decreasing situational awareness, and increasing the likelihood of accidents. Safety climate measurements can be used by companies as a leading indicator in establishing / improving existing safety programs. This study aims to analyze the safety climate profile in the support point area at PT X in 2025 based on the dimensions of management commitment, safety communication, rules and procedures, supportive environment, personal accountability, and training. The research design used is cross sectional with data collection methods using questionnaires (primary data). The number of samples analyzed was 118 respondents. Data analysis was used through descriptive and inferential analysis (Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis Test). The results of this study indicate that the safety climate profile in the PT X support point area in 2025 is good, with an average score of 5.18. All dimensions measured get an average score of 4.98 - 5.31. The average safety climate score in the age, tenure, and education groups showed significant differences in the dimensions of management commitment, safety communication, and training.
S-12064
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Rr. Asri Wahyuningsih; Pembimbing: Robiana Modjo; Penguji: Laksita Ri Hastiti, Fetrina Lestari
Abstrak:
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran fatigue dan hubungannya dengan faktor risiko terkait pekerjaan dan faktor risiko tidak terkait pekerjaan di PT X. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional dengan metode kuantitatif dan analisis deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilakukan kepada 373 operator dump truck yang tersebar di 8 site project di PT X pada Februari – Agustus 2022. Variabel dependen penelitian ini adalah faktor risiko terkait pekerjaan (masa kerja dan beban kerja) dan faktor risiko tidak terkait pekerjaan (umur dan tingkat pendidikan). Data yang dipergunakan di dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui pengisian kuesioner Multidimentional Fatigue Inventory 20 (MFI-20) secara daring (online). Hasil menunjukan bahwa 67,3% responden mengalami fatigue. Keluhan fatigue cenderung dialami oleh operato dump truck yang memiliki masa kerja ≥ 10 tahun, beban kerja mengoperasikan 1 jenis dump truck, berumur ≥ 30 tahun, dan tingkat pendidikan SMA/SMK.
This study aims to seek fatigue image and its correlation with work-related risk factors and non-work-related risk factors in PT X. This study uses a cross-sectional study design with quantitative methods and descriptive analysis. This study was conducted with 373 dump truck operators spread across eight site projects in PT X in February – August 2022 as subjects. The study's dependent variables were work-related risk factors (work and workload) and non-work-related risk factors (age and education level). The data used in this study are secondary data obtained by filling out the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory 20 (MFI-20) questionnaire online. Results showed that 67,3% of respondents experienced fatigue. Fatigue complaints tend to be experienced by dump truck operators with a working period of ≥ 10 years, a workload of operating 1 type of dump truck, an age of ≥ 30 years, and an educational level of SMA/SMK.
S-11212
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Arini Sartika; Pembimbing: Hendra; Penguji: Mila Tejamaya, Ida Ayu Indira
Abstrak:
Bising di tempat kerja dapat menimbulkan dampak terhadap sistem auditory maupun sistem non-auditory. PT X merupakan industri manufaktur yang mempunyai proses produksi yang menghasilkan bising. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan dosis pajanan bising harian, usia, masa kerja, dan pemakaian alat pelindung telinga (APT) dengan gangguan non-auditory. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengukuran dosis pajanan bising harian secara langsung di lapangan dan gangguan non-auditory melalui wawancara terstruktur. Hasil pengukuran dosis pajanan bising harian diketahui seluruh unit kerja yang diukur berada diatas NAB (Nilai Ambang Batas). Di samping itu, hasil pengukuran gangguan non-auditory dari 52 responden diperoleh tingkat gangguan non-auditory berat sebanyak 59,6% dan gangguan non-auditory ringan sebanyak 40,4%. Analisis rata-rata dosis pajanan bising harian dengan gangguan non-auditory menggunakan uji t diketahui bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara pekerja yang mengalami tingkat gangguan non-auditory. Sedangkan analisis antara variabel usia, masa kerja, dan pemakaian APT dengan gangguan non-auditory diperoleh hubungan yang tidak signifikan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan gangguan non-auditory yang dialami oleh pekerja lebih disebabkan oleh dosis pajanan bising harian. Rekomendasi yang diberikan yaitu mengendalikan gangguan non-auditory dengan menurunkan dosis pajanan bising harian yang ada hingga di bawah NAB.
Kata Kunci: Dosis Pajanan Bising, gangguan non-auditory, manufaktur
Occupational Noise can cause either auditory system or non-auditory system disorder. PT X is a manufacturing industry which has production process that produces noise. The purpose of this study is to observe the relationship between daily noise exposure dose, age, working time and utilization of hearing protection to nonauditory disorders. Data collection was done by direct measurement for daily noise exposure dose and structural interview for non-auditory disorders. The result from measurement of daily noise exposure dose in all working units showed the value above the Threshold Limit Value (TLV). In the other hand, the result for nonauditory disorder measurement showed 59.6% of 52 respondents suffered severe nonauditory disorders and 40.4% suffered mild non-auditory disorders. Analysis using TTest resulted in significant difference on means value of daily noise exposure dose between non-auditory disorders levels. Furthermore, analysis of age, working time, and utilization of hearing protection to non-auditory disorder resulted in insignificant relationship. Based on the result of the study, it could be concluded that non-auditory disorder suffered by workers was mostly caused by daily noise exposure dose. Hence, the recommendation to control the non-auditory disorders is to reduce daily noise exposure dose until lower than TLV.
Key words: daily noise exposure dose, non-auditory, manufacture
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Kata Kunci: Dosis Pajanan Bising, gangguan non-auditory, manufaktur
Occupational Noise can cause either auditory system or non-auditory system disorder. PT X is a manufacturing industry which has production process that produces noise. The purpose of this study is to observe the relationship between daily noise exposure dose, age, working time and utilization of hearing protection to nonauditory disorders. Data collection was done by direct measurement for daily noise exposure dose and structural interview for non-auditory disorders. The result from measurement of daily noise exposure dose in all working units showed the value above the Threshold Limit Value (TLV). In the other hand, the result for nonauditory disorder measurement showed 59.6% of 52 respondents suffered severe nonauditory disorders and 40.4% suffered mild non-auditory disorders. Analysis using TTest resulted in significant difference on means value of daily noise exposure dose between non-auditory disorders levels. Furthermore, analysis of age, working time, and utilization of hearing protection to non-auditory disorder resulted in insignificant relationship. Based on the result of the study, it could be concluded that non-auditory disorder suffered by workers was mostly caused by daily noise exposure dose. Hence, the recommendation to control the non-auditory disorders is to reduce daily noise exposure dose until lower than TLV.
Key words: daily noise exposure dose, non-auditory, manufacture
S-9268
Depok : FKM UI, 2017
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Eky Susilowati; Pembimbing: Fatma Lestari; Penguji: Dadan Erwandi, Hendra, Adrianus Pangaribuan, Ivan Stevanus Chandra
Abstrak:
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Industri farmasi merupakan industri yang memiliki risko kebakaran dan ledakan yang sangat besar karena penanganan beragam bahan kimia cair, padatan, dan gas yang mudah terbakar serta bahan kimia berbahaya lainnya. Tujuan umum dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengklasifikasikan area berbahaya berdasarkan standar IEC 60079-10-2 serta menganalisis tingkat risiko kebakaran dan ledakan debu dalam proses granulasi pada fasilitas Non Betalactam (Multi Product Facility). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif semi kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengklasifikasikan area berbahaya pada proses granulasi berdasarkan standar IEC 60079-10-2 dan menentukan tingkat risiko kebakaran dan ledakan debu dalam tahapan pencampuran (mixing) dengan menggunakan metode Dow’s Fire Explosion Index. Populasi ini melibatkan semua bahan kimia berbahaya dan peralatan yang digunakan pada proses pembuatan obat di PT. X. Combustible dust yang digunakan dalam proses granulasi pada fasilitas Non Betalactam Facility (Multi Product Facility) berupa bahan aktif farmasi dan eksipien, seperti methyldopa hydrate, paracetamol, loperamide hydrochloride, diazepam, domperidone, prednisolone micronised, magnesium stearate. polyvidone 30, sodium starch glycolate, dan amylum maydis. Minimum Ignition Energy (MIE) yang dimiliki oleh semua bahan aktif berbeda-beda nilainya sesuai hasil uji laboratorium eksternal dengan nilai yang paling sensitif terhadap penyalaan, yaitu diazepam, methyldopa hydrate, loperamide hydrochloride, domperidone dan prednisolone micronised yang mempunyai nilai MIE 1-3 mj yang dapat menyebabkan ledakan kuat hingga sangat kuat jika memenuhi konsentrasi Minimum Explosive Concentration (MEC). Sehubungan dengan hal itu, sebelum menentukan klasifikasi area berbahaya, sangat penting untuk mengidentifikasi sumber penyalaan di area proses tersebut. Adapun sumber penyalaan tersebut bersumber dari peralatan listrik, listrik statis, dan friction/mechanical spark. Klasifikasi area berbahaya dengan kategori zona dalam proses granulasi pada fasilitas Non Betalactam (Multi Product Facility) terdiri dari zona 20 di setiap dalam chamber/container peralatan, zona 21 di setiap bukaan hopper/charging unit, tempat perilisan debu dengan radius satu meter dan zona 22 di luar zona 21 di dalam ruangan proses granulasi. Tingkat risiko kebakaran dan ledakan debu pada proses granulasi (mixing) dengan menggunakan metode granulasi basah (hybrid mixture) berdasarkan metode Dow’s Fire and Explosion Index adalah risiko sedang (moderate) dengan total skor 95,1762 dengan radius paparannya sebesar 29,010 meter dan estimasi kerugiannya mencapai Rp 1.467.276.735.672. Oleh karenanya, sangat penting untuk melakukan mitigasi risiko sehingga risiko kebakaran dan ledakan debu di area proses ini berada pada risiko yang rendah.
The pharmaceutical industry is an industry that has a very large risk of fire and explosion due to the handling of a variety of flammable liquid, solid and gaseous chemicals as well as other hazardous chemicals. The general objective of this study is to classify hazardous areas based on IEC 60079-10-2 standards and to analyze the risk level of fire and dust explosion in the granulation process at the Non Betalactam facility (Multi Product Facility). This research is a semi-quantitative descriptive study that aims to classify hazardous areas in the granulation process based on IEC 60079-10-2 standards and determine the risk level of fire and dust explosion in the mixing stage using the Dow's Fire Explosion Index method. This population includes all hazardous chemicals and equipment used in the drug manufacturing process at PT. X. Combustible dust used in the granulation process at the Non Betalactam Facility (Multi Product Facility) is in the form of active pharmaceutical ingredients and excipients, such as methyldopa hydrate, paracetamol, loperamide hydrochloride, diazepam, domperidone, micronised prednisolone, magnesium stearate. polyvidone 30, sodium starch glycolate, and amylum maydis. The Minimum Ignition Energy (MIE) that all active ingredients have a different value according to the results of external laboratory tests with values that are most sensitive to ignition, namely diazepam, methyldopa hydrate, loperamide hydrochloride, domperidone and micronised prednisolone which have an MIE value of 1-3 mj which can cause a strong to very strong explosion if it meets the Minimum Explosive Concentration (MEC) concentration. In this regard, before determining the classification of a hazardous area, it is very important to identify the source of ignition in the process area. The ignition sources come from electrical equipment, static electricity, and friction/mechanical spark. Classification of hazardous areas with the category of zones in the granulation process at Non Betalactam facilities (Multi Product Facility) consists of zone 20 in each equipment chamber/container, zone 21 in each opening of the hopper/charging unit, a dust release area with a radius of one meter and zone 22 outside zone 21 in the granulation process room. The risk level of fire and dust explosion in the granulation process (mixing) using the wet granulation method (hybrid mixture) based on the Dow's Fire and Explosion Index method is moderate risk with a total score of 95.1762 with an exposure radius of 29.010 meters and an estimated loss of IDR 1,467. 276,735,672. Therefore, it is very important to carry out risk mitigation so that the risk of fire and dust explosion in this process area is at a low risk.
T-6749
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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