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Kata kunci: FMEA; Instalasi Rawat Inap; Manajemen Risiko; Pasien Jatuh; Pencegahan Pasien Jatuh
The incidence of patients fall is a second big issue after the incidence of medication errors. Reducing the risk of falls is one measure of service quality that is the main focus of the Hospital. This study aims to analyze the risk management of inpatient falls at Woman and Children Hospital SMB in 2020 by using FMEA tool. This research is a qualitative study by using in-depth interviews, observation, document review, and FGD as data collection methods. The results of this study indicate that factors of patient fall which become high priority potential failure modes are found in the structure and process variables. Factors in the structure variables include hospital protocols that do not regulate the mobilization of discharged patients and infrastructures that have not been provided. Factors in the process variable include inconsistent documentation and patient supervision. The potential impacts are difficulty to measure risk management of patient fall and increased risk of patient fall. Research recommendations are strengthening the monitoring system through the implementation of bedside checklist status, shift reports on patient needs related to falling prevention, optimization briefings and de-briefings of patient Safety, and improving the SOP of discharge planning.
Keywords: FMEA; Inpatient Care; Risk Management; Patient Falls; Patient Falls Prevention
ABSTRAK Nama : Andre Saphir Trisnadi Program Studi : Kajian Administrasi Rumah Sakit Judul : Analisis Penyebab Terjadinya Medication Error Di Unit Rawat Inap RS Pluit Periode Tahun 2017 – 2018 Pembimbing : Vetty Yulianty Permanasari SSi, MPH Latar Belakang : Keselamatan pasien merupakan dasar dalam pelayanan kesehatan di rumah sakit. Rumah sakit dituntut tidak boleh terjadi kesalahan terutama dalam keselamatan pasien yang berhubungan dengan obat, ini merupakan hal yang penting dan harus dikerjakan sesuai dengan prosedur yang berlaku supaya tidak terjadi medication error. Berdasarkan laporan Insiden Keselamatan Pasien tahun 2017 – 2018, didapatkan peningkatan kejadian medication error sebanyak 5 kasus yaitu dari 16 kasus (2017) menjadi 21 kasus (2018). Tentunya peningkatan ini berpengaruh pada keselamatan pasien dan mutu pelayanan, sehingga perlu dilakukan analisis faktor- faktor penyebab terjadinya medication error tersebut supaya tidak terulang lagi.Tujuan : Mengetahui penyebab dan akar masalah pada peningkatan medication error di Unit rawa Inap RS Pluit 2018.Menganalisis faktor- faktor penyebab medication error pada fase prescribing, fase transcribing, fase dispensing dan fase administrationdi unit rawat inap RS Pluit. Metode :Desain penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatifdengan pendekatan eksploratif. Dilakukan pada bulan mei – juni 2019 di Unit rawat inap RS Pluit. Data primer didapatkan dari wawancara menggunakan pedoman wawancara kepada manajemen rumah sakit dan pihak yang terlibat dari awal pembuatan resep sampai obat tersebut diberikan ke pasien. Data primer juga didapatkan dengan cara observasi langsung di farmasi unit rawat inap dan ruang perawatan. Data Sekunder didapatkan dari telaah dokumen dengan menggunakan formulir Check Listdi unit farmasi rawat inap ataupun Subkomite Keselamatan Pasien RS Pluit. Semua data tersebut akan dilakukan triangulasi sehingga didapatkan hasil yang akurat. Hasil: Medication error ditemukan pada keempat fase ( fase prescribing, fase transcribing, fase dispensing dan fase administration) paling banyak pada fase prescribing karena human errordan peresepan manual bukan karena kesalahan regulasi yang sudah berjalan. Kesimpulan : Perlu dipertimbangkan adanya perubahan dari sistem peresepan manual ke elektronik. Perlu lebih sering dilakukan sosialisasi tentang budaya kesela matan pasien, komunikasi yang efektif dan regulasi yang berhubungan dengan farmasi. Kata Kunci : Medication error, Keselamatan Pasien, Sistem Pelaporan Insiden, Peresepan elektronik, Rawat inap
ABSTRACT Name : Andre Saphir Trisnadi Program Study : Master Administration Hospital Title : Analysis of the causes of medication errors in the inpatient unit of Pluit hospital for the period 2017 – 2018 Counsellor : Vetty Yulianty Permanasari SSi, MPH Background: Patient safety is the basis for health services in hospitals. The hospital isdemanded that there should not be an error, especially in patient safety related tomedicine, this is an important matter and must be done according to the procedure so there is no medication error. Based on the Patient Safety Incident report for 2017 - 2018,there was an increase in the incidence of medication errors in 5 cases, from 16 cases(2017) to 21 cases (2018). Of course this increase has an effect on patient safety andservice quality, so it is necessary to analyze the factors that cause the medication errorso that it does not happen again. Objective: To find out the cause and root of the problem in increasing medication error in the inpatient unit of Pluit Hospital 2018. Analyzing the factors that cause medication error in the prescribing phase, phasetranscribing, phase dispensing and phase administration in the inpatient unit of PluitHospital. Method: The design of this study is qualitative research with an explorative approach.Done in May - June 2019 in the inpatient unit of Pluit Hospital. Primary data was obtainedfrom interviews using interview guidelines to hospital management and the parties involved from the beginning of the prescription until the medicine is given to patients. Primary datais also obtained by direct observation in the inpatient pharmacy unit and the inpatient unit. Secondary data is obtained from document studies using the check list form in the inpatientpharmacy units or the Patient Safety Subcommittee of Pluit Hospital. All data will betriangulated so that accurate results are obtained. Results: Medication errors were found in all four phases (prescribing phase, phase transcribing, phase dispensing and administrationphase) at most during the prescribing phase because of human error and manual prescribingwere not due to regulatory errors that were already running. Conclusion: It is necessary toconsider changes from the manual prescribing system to e-prescribing. Socialization ofpatient safety culture, effective communication and regulations related to pharmacy needsto be more frequent. Keywords : Medication errors, Patient safety, Incident reporting system, Electronic Prescription,The Inpatient Unit
ABSTRAK Nama : Ni Wayan Kesumawati Program Studi : Kajian Administrasi Rumah Sakit Judul : Analisis Piutang Pada Pasien Rawat Inap Jaminan Kesehatan di Rumah Sakit Umum Famili Husada Periode 2015-2016 Pergeseran skema pembayaran biaya kesehatan ke rumah sakit telah bergeser dari majoritas biaya sendiri dibayar tunai ke pembayaran melalui pihak penyelenggara jaminan kesehatan, yang menyebabkan rumah sakit harus mengelola piutang dengan baik karena penerimaan pendapatan rumah sakit dibayar non-tunai. Keterlambatan pembayaran piutang dan atau kegagalan pengelolaan piutang dapat mempengaruhi posisi arus kas, yang kalau ini berlanjut mengakibatkan terganggunya kegiatan operasional rumah sakit. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui posisi gambaran piutang pada pasien jaminan kesehatan di RSU Famili Husada periode tahun 2015 – 2016 dimana rumah sakit telah memutuskan untuk melayani pasien BPJS Kesehatan. Selain itu perlu juga diketahui jumlah piutang dan kebijakan pemberian kredit yang ada agar dapat dijadikan masukan untuk perbaikan manajemen kedepan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan melibatkan seluruh pegawai yang bekerja di bagian keuangan, kasir, front office dan manajemen, sebanyak 14 orang sebagai informan. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik wawancara mendalam dan observasi partisipan, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan content analysis. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan saldo piutang pasien rawat inap pasien jaminan kesehatan pada tahun 2015 – 2016 terutama untuk pasien JKN yaitu dari sebasar 17% meningkat menjadi 30,66%, sedangkan rata – rata persentase pembayaran piutangnya sebesar 45% yang artinya pembayaran piutang dari pasien BPJS Kesehatan belum lancar sehingga bila ini tidak dikelola dengan baik akan menimbulkan terganggunya arus kas dan akhirnya kegiatan opreasional rumah sakit pun terganggu. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil bahwa seiring dengan terjadinya peningkatan jumlah piutang rumah sakit terdapat ketebatasan secara kuantitas maupun kualitas dari sumber daya manusia dalam pengelolaan piutang; belum ada standar prosedur operasional yang mengatur secara khusus tentang pemberian kredit dan kebijakan pengumpulan piutang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, disarankan agar melakukan evaluasi terhadap kebijakan pemberian kredit dan penagihan piutang yang berlaku, evaluasi beban kerja petugas pengelola piutang dan lakukan pelatihan – pelatihan khusus di bidangnya, serta lakukan pendekatan pada pihak debitur. Kata Kunci: Jaminan Kesehatan, Piutang
ABSTRACT Name : Ni Wayan Kesumawati Study Program : Hospital Administration Title : Accounts Receivable Analysis In Inpatient Patients Health Insurance at Famili Husada Public Hospital Period 2015-2016 The shift in health-care payment schemes to hospitals has shifted from the majorities of their own expenses paid in cash to payments through health insurance providers, which causes hospitals to manage receivables well because hospital revenue is paid non-cash. Delinquent receivables and / or failure of receivables management may affect cash flow position, which if this continues to result in disruption of hospital operations. The purpose of this study is to know the position of the description of receivables in health insurance patients at RSU Famili Husada period 2015 - 2016 where the hospital has decided to serve the patient BPJS Health. In addition, it is also necessary to know the amount of receivables and lending policies available to be used as input for future management improvement. This research uses qualitative descriptive research method by involving all employees who work in finance, cashier, front office and management, as many as 14 people as informant. Data were collected by in-depth interview technique and participant observation, then analyzed using content analysis. The results show that there is an increase in the balance of accounts receivable of patient in health care patient in 2015 - 2016 especially for JKN patient that is from sebasar 17% increase to 30,66%, whereas the average of payment percentage of receivable equal to 45% which mean payment of receivable from patient BPJS Health has not been smoothly so that if it is not managed properly will cause disruption of cash flow and finally hospital operational activities were disrupted. The conclusion can be made that in line with the increase of the number of hospital receivables there are limitations in quantity and quality of human resources in the management of receivables; there is no standard operating procedure that specifically regulates the provision of credit and collection policy of receivables. Based on the result of this research, it is suggested to evaluate the crediting policy and receivable billing, evaluation of workload of receivable management officer and do special training in the field, and approach the debtor. Keywords: Health Insurance, Accounts Receivable
Kepuasan pasien adalah perasaan kecewa atau senang seseorang yang mucul setelah membandingkan antara persepsi/kesannya terhadap kinerja atau hasil suatu produk/harapanharapannya. Hal ini merupakan tanggungjawab seluruh stakeholder rumah sakit untuk meningkatkan service quality yang terdiri dari 5 aspek yaitu tangible, reability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy. Kelima aspek ini dipengaruhi oleh banyak hal seperti karakteristik individu seperti usia, jenis kelamin, penghasilan, tingkat pendidikan, dan pekerjaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui informasi yang tepat mengenai kepuasan pasien yang telah dirawat di Instalasi Paviliun Kartika Jakarta Pusat Periode November 201. Pengukuran tingkat kepuaasan pasien ini mengadopsi dari konsep service quality menurut Parasuraman melalui penilaian diri sendiri. Penelitian ini mengunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan rancangan longitudinal prospektif survey dengan responden sebanyak 125 pasien rawat inap serta 40 staf manajemen. Hasil penelitian ini adalah proporsi responden yang puas terhadap pelayanan rawat inap di Paviliun Kartika sebesar 61,6% sedangkan yang tidak puas sebesar 38,2%, serta ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kepuasan pasien dengan usia responden yang lebih muda/produktif dimana usia produktif mempunyai kepuasan 2,15 kali lebih tinggi daripada orang yang berusia tua/tidak produktif. Selain itu ditemukan faktor-faktor yang menjadi prioritas utama (Kuadran A) dalam meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggannya, terutama pasien rawat inap yang meliputi dimensi Tangible yaitu Kebersihan dan kesejukan ruang apotek. Saran dari temuan ini adalah mengupayakan meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan khususnya di ruang rawat inap melalui pemantauan dan evaluasi tingkat kepuasan pasien secara berkesinambungan sehingga akan meningkatkan derajat kepuasan di Paviliun Kartika nantinya.
Patient satisfaction is a feeling disappointed or happy person which comes after comparing between the perception / impression of the performance or results of a product / expectations. It is the responsibility of all hospital stakeholders to improve service quality consisting of five aspects: tangible, reability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy. These five aspects are influenced by many things such as individual characteristics such as age, gender, income, level of education, and employment. This study aims to determine the precise information regarding the satisfaction of patients who had been treated at the Central Jakarta Kartika Pavilion Installation Period November 201. Measurement of levels of these patients kepuaasan adopted from the concept of service quality by Parasuraman through self-assessment. This study uses a quantitative approach to the design of a prospective longitudinal survey with 125 respondents as inpatients and 40 management staff. The results of this study was the proportion of respondents are satisfied with inpatient care at Kartika Pavilion by 61.6% while those not satisfied by 38.2%, and no significant relationship between patient satisfaction with younger respondents age / productive where age has 2.15 times higher satisfaction than those over the age old / unproductive. Besides the factors found to be the main priority (Quadrant A) in improving customer satisfaction, especially inpatients that includes Tangible dimension of Hygiene and coolness of the pharmacy space. It is seek advice from the findings to improve the quality of service, especially in the inpatient space through monitoring and evaluation of patient satisfaction on an ongoing basis so that it will increase the degree of satisfaction at the Pavilion Kartika later.
Rumah Sakit Pertamina Jaya (RSPJ) merupakan rumah sakit setara tipe C+ yang pada awalnya hanya memberi pelayanan kepada karyawan, keluarga Pertamina serta perusahaan yang berhubungan dengan Pertamina. Dengan perubahan status RSPJ menjadi salah [p;'-09satu unit usaha Peramedika, maka pihak manajemen RSPJ mempunyai kesempatan yang lebih luas untuk mengembangkan pengelolaan rumah sakit dengan mandiri yaitu dengan menerima pasien Non Pertamina. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh perbandingan yang ekstrem antara kunjungan pasien Pertamina dan Non Pertamina pada poli Rawat Jalan RS Pertamina Jaya Tahun 2006 yang mencapai kurang lebih 85 :15. Faktor tersebut mendorong penulis untuk melakukan penelitian di bidang pemasaran rurnah sakit dalam hal ini RS Pertarnina Jaya khususnya tentang segmentasi,target dan posisi RS Pertamina Jaya sehingga diharapkan terjadinya peningkatan kunjungan pasien Non Pertamina. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapat informasi mengenai segmen pasar Rumah Sakit Pertamina Jaya sebagai dasar analisa penetapan segrnentasi, target, posisi pasar sehingga selanjutnya dapat direncanakan strategi pemasaran untuk meningkatkan kunjungan pasien Non Pertamina. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan survei kepada 150 pasien poli rawat jalan RS Pertamina Jaya, bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan gabungan kuantitatif yaitu pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner untuk mengetahui segmentasi pasar dan kualitatif dengan analisa hasil wawancara mendalam kepada pihak manajemen RSPJ untuk mengetahui segrnentasi, target dan posisi rumah sakit. Hasil penelitian segmentasi demografi, geografi dan psikografi diperoleh bahwa profil pasien Non Pertamina yang berobat ke poli Rawat Jalan RSPJ adalah dari segmen menengah ke atas, dengan rincian jenis kelamin perempuan, usia produktif yaitu. 15 -
Pertamina Jaya Hospital (Rumah Sakit Pertamina Jaya RSPJ), as the member Pertamedica's Strategic Business Unit, was established to provide medical services particularly for their traditional customer, i.e the employees of Pertamina with their family and any company who has business relationship with Pertamina. Considering current development, however, as C+ Class Hospital, RSPJ may extend their services by receiving non traditional customer, that is, Non Pertamina patients. Background of the research was the extreme composition of 85% : 15% of "Pertamina" and "Non Pertamina" at Outpatient Clinic RSPJ in the year of 2006. As the objective of this research is to get clear market segmentation of RSPJ, and at the end, to define sound marketing plan (segmentation, targetting, and positioning) in order to increase the incoming of Non Pertamina Patient. The data for the research was collected through questionaire, descriptive with the approach of combining either quantitative and qualitative, towards 150 patients who visited Outpatient Policlinic R,SPJ 2006. To provide a comprehensive result, indepth interview was done also with Pertamina Jaya Hospital management. As summary of the result, the profile of Non Pertamina patient that comes to outpatient policlinic Pertamina Jaya Hospital 2006 are from middle to high segment as follows, gender is female, age from 15 -
The challenges of antimicrobial resistance facing Indonesia are similar to those of many countries in the Asian Region and beyond. The results of a survey on the use of antimicrobials conducted by EXPLAIN * (Exploration of Antimicrobial Consumption to Identify Targets for Quality Improvement in Indonesian Hospitals) in all inpatient wards of Royal Taruma Hospital on 19-22 March 2019, out of 100 patients studied, it was found that 97% of empirical antibiotics were used. consisting of 81% for empiric therapy, 12% for medical prophylaxis, 4% for surgical prophylaxis, with the most common diagnoses for antibiotics being typhoid, pneumonia and dengue fever. 16% of patients without a clear indication received antibiotics. Royal Taruma Hospital in November 2018 formed the PPRA Team to support the national program and reduce the use of irrational antibiotics at the Royal Taruma Hospital. The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of PPRA policies on the use of antibiotics at the Royal Taruma Hospital. This research is a descriptive analytical study by analyzing the quantitative use of antibiotics, DDD (Defined daily dosage) / 100 patient-days periodically by taking secondary data from the PPRA Team for the quarterly months of February, May and August 2020. Followed by a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews with 14 sources. informants to find out about their perceptions, opinions, thoughts about the use of antibiotics related to the implementation of PPRA policies at Royal Taruma Hospital. From the DDD / 100 patient-days results, the three most widely used antibiotics were Cetriaxon (64.7%), Levofloxacin (20.1%) and Meropenem (6.9%), which belong to the broad-spectrum antibiotic class. Total antibiotic use was 1206.59 DDD / 100 patient-days or in one day there were 12.1 DDD antibiotics used in 100 hospitalized patients with a total length of stay of 5547 days. From the results of the in-depth interview it can be concluded that the implementation of PPRA policies has been implemented but has not run optimally and needs to be further improved
