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Kata kunci: Kelelahan, Faktor Risiko, Pemadam Kebakaran.
Fatigue is a feeling of constant tiredness that can reduce the ability to perform a task in a safe and effective way. Firefighters work in 1x24 hours shift, this increase the risk of fatigue among workers. The aim of this study is to determine the risk factors related to fatigue in firefighters. The dependent variable in this study is the level of fatigue on firefighters. The independent variables in this study are divided into non-work-related factors (age, commuting time, sleep quantity, sleep quality, health condition and Body Mass Index (BMI)) and work-related factors (work period, other job and work variations). The sample of this study are a total of 56 firefighters. The data was collected subjectively using questionnaires. This study used Subjective Self Rating Test by IFRC to determine the level of fatigue and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to determine the sleep quality. This study used Cross Sectional design to determine the relationship between the dependent and independent variable. Methods that used is quantitative (Chi-square) and odd ratio to determine the relationship level of the variables. Result showed 85,7% workers experienced low level of fatigue and 14,3% experienced moderate level of fatigue. Based on these results in line with the number of fire cases during the last month there were only 16 cases so that the workload of firefighters is not heavy. The results showed there is a relationship between workers fatigue and work period (OR= 7.2), health condition (OR = 5.0), sleep quantity (OR = 5.8), sleep quality (OR = 0.02) and commuting time (OR = 0.08). Therefore, control related to risk factors related to fatigue is needed.
Key word: Fatigue, Risk Factor, Firefighters
Hasil penelitian yang didapat adalah terdapatnya hubungan yang bermakna antara beban kerja dengan tingkatstres kerja, terdapatnya hubungan yang bermakna antara iklim dan strukturorganisasi dengan tingkat stres kerja, terdapatnya hubungan yang bermakna antara hubungan interpersonal dengan tingkat stres kerja dan terdapatnya hubungan yangbermakna antara pengembangan karir dengan tingkat stres kerja.
Kata Kunci :Stres Kerja, Guru SDLB, Guru SD
Occupational stress is a form of response to a person, both physically andpsychologically against a change in the work environment is considered to be verydisturbing and lead someone in danger. The purpose of this study was to analyzethe factors that affect the level of work stress on primary school in specialeducation and general primary school teachers. This research using quantitativeresearch with cross sectional design.
The result is the presence of a significantassociation between workload with work stress levels, the presence of asignificant association between climate and organizational structure with the levelof work stress, the presence of a significant association between interpersonalrelationship with the level of work stress and the presence of a significantassociation between the development of career with the level of work stress.
Key Words :Work stress, teacher primary school in special education, teacher in generalprimary school
Kata kunci: Sistem proteksi kebakaran aktif, sistem proteksi kebakaran pasif, sarana penyelamatan jiwa, manajemen kebakaran, rumah sakit
This study discusses about implementation of fire protection system, means of escape, and fire management at X Hospital. The design of this study is a qualitative study with observative research method. The object of this study is active fire protection system facilities, passive protection system facilities, means of escape facilities, and fire management at X Hospital. Data collection is obtained by observation, interviews, and document review, also this study use an instrument in the form of checklist. Data analysis is perform by comparing actual condition with applicable standards and regulations. The standards and regulations used in this study is NFPA and Pedoman Teknis Di Bidang Bangunan dan Sarana Rumah Sakit, Ministry of Health Republic Indonesia 2012. The final result of this data are precentage of standards compliance and assessment categoreis according to Reasearch and Development Agency of Public Works Department. Based on the result of the study, active fire protection system has a precentage value of 53% fulfillment rate with deficient category, passive fire protection system has a precentage value of 42% fulfillment rate with deficient category, means of escape has a precentage value of 66,7% fulfillment rate with fairly good category, and fire management has a precentage value of 81% fulfillment rate with good category.
Key words: Active fire protection system, passive fire protection system, means of escape, fire management, hospital
Tumpang tindih pekerjaan, tanggungjawab yang kompleks, ketidakpastian status, ketidakjelasan pengembangan karir, dan kurangnya keamanan kerja pada tenaga medis sebagai Kepala Puskesmas (jabatan struktural) yang diberi tanggungjawab sebagai Pelaksana Tugas. Antara tenaga medis jabatan struktural dan fungsional besar gaji, insentif atau tunjangan yang diterima setiap bulannya sama. Bahaya psikososial kerja merupakan bahaya yang berhubungan dengan faktor pekerjaan (job content) dapat meliputi beban kerja, rutinitas kerja, desain tugas, serta tata cara kerja dan alat yang digunakan. Sedangkan faktor lingkungan pekerjaan (job context) meliputi peran dalam organisasi, hubungan interpersonal, pengembangan karir, pengawasan dan penilaian atasan, serta suasana kerja. Bahaya ini secara langsung atau tidak berpengaruh terhadap kondisi kerja dan jiwa. Jika seseorang tidak dapat mempengaruhi bahaya ini dengan baik maka akan jatuh pada kondisi stres dan lambat laun akan mengalami gangguan yang berakibat keluhan baik pada diri individu maupun terhadap organisasi atau tempat kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi bahaya psikososial kerja dan hubungannya dengan tingkat stres pada tenaga medis Puskesmas di Kota Pekanbaru. Desain penelitian ini dalam bentuk analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah seluruh tenaga medis Puskesmas yang berstatus Pegawai Negeri Sipil di Kota Pekanbaru yang berjumlah 67 orang. Pengukuran data menggunakan kuesioner berdasarkan Life Event Scale. Dalam menentukan tingkat bahaya psikososial kerja dan tingkat stres, jumlah skor dari seluruh indikator dihitung kemudian menghasilkan suatu nilai yang menentukan tingkat kategori. Analisa data dilakukan secara univariate dan bivariate dengan uji korelasi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 11.1% tenaga medis jabatan fungsional mempunyai persepsi bahaya psikososial kerja faktor pekerjaan (job content) mempunyai proporsi lebih besar dalam menimbulkan stres dari pada jabatan struktural (0.0%). Sedangkan faktor lingkungan pekerjaan (job context) mempunyai proporsi lebih besar pada tenaga medis jabatan fungsional (17.9%) dari pada jabatan struktural (11.1%) dalam menimbulkan stres. Tenaga medis dengan jabatan struktural (31.3%) mempunyai proporsi lebih besar untuk mengalami stres dari pada jabatan fungsional (23.5%). Saran, Membuat usulan kepada Pemerintah Daerah untuk memberikan Surat Keputusan tentang kejelasan atau kepastian status dari Kepala Puskesmas berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan No. 128 Tahun 2004 sehingga keamanan dalam bekerja dapat dicapai.
Overlapping work, complex responsibility, uncertainty or un-clarity of status and career development, lack of work`s security and safety on medical staff of Public Health Service Chairman (structural position) who had been given responsibility as Execution Staff. Between medical staff/personnel of functional and structural position employed, salary average, incentive or received subsidy per month are same. Work psychosocial hazard is hazards that related to work factors (job content) its might included work load, job`s daily activity, work design, and work procedures and work equipment applied. While work environmental factor (job context) covers the role in organization, the interpersonal relation, career development, observation and superior assessment, and work situation. These Hazards either directly or indirectly influence working and physical condition. If someone cannot control these hazards properly, he/she will be fall into stress condition and experience some disturbance that causing complaint on either the individual him self or organization or workplace. This research aimed to know work psychosocial hazard perception and its relationship with stress level at medical staff of Public Health Service in Pekanbaru City. This research design is in the form of descriptive analytical with cross sectional approach. Research sample is all off medical staff/personnel of Public Health Service who have status Civil Public Servant in Pekanbaru City are sixty seven persons. Data Measurement using questionnaire based on Life Event Scale. In determining level of work psychosocial hazard and stress level, number of scores from all indicators is being calculated then its result a value determining level of category. Data analysis conducted in univariate and bivariate with correlation test. Result of the research that is 11.1% medical staff of functional position has work psychosocial hazard perception, work factor has bigger proportion in generating stress than structural position (0.0%). While work environmental factor (job context) has bigger proportion than medical staff/personnel of functional position (17.9%) than structural position (11.1%) in generating stress. Medical staff with structural position (31.3%) has bigger proportion to experience stress than functional position (23.5%). The researcher suggest Local Government to give Decree about clarity or certainty of Public Health Center Chairman`s status based on Decree of The Minister for Public Health Number 128 Year 2004 until the security and safety in working are will be able to reach.
