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Kata kunci: low back pain; neck pain; pengguna komputer; pekerja kantor
Most of the tasks with prolonged sitting can be exposed to high levels of sedentary behavior, one of which is computer or laptop user workers in the office. A long period time of computer or laptop use can increase the risk of musculoskeletal disorders complaints, especially in the lower back and neck. To look at the factors that influence complaints of low back pain and neck pain in office workers, a crosssectional study using 2020 primary data. The study involved 55 PT X workers in East Jakarta. There were 41.8% workers who had low back pain complaints and 50.9% workers who had neck pain complaints. The result of chi-square analysis indicated that there were significant relationship between physical and psychosocial risk factors with low back pain complaints, those are static muscle work (p-value = 0.03), work demands ( p-value = 0.00), social support (p-value = 0.00), and work stress (p-value = 0.00). Then, the result of chi-square analysis indicated that there were significant relationship between physical and psychosocial risk factors with neck pain complaints, those are duration of computer use (p-value = 0.01), work static muscle (p-value = 0.01), work demands (p-value = 0.02), social support (pvalue = 0.04), and work stress (p-value = 0.01).
Keywords: low back pain; neck pain; computer user; office worker
Kata kunci: faktor risiko manual handling, low back pain, unit mixing dan supplying
Job (manual handling) which has been doing by unit mixing and supplying workersin line PPIC PT X has risk to cause subjective complaints of low back pain. Thefocus of this research is manual handling risk factor with adding the individual riskfactors as contributing factor. Measurement of manual handling risk factor werecalculated using REBA method and individual risk factors was obtained byinterview. The result of this research explain, there are two activities that have highergonomic risk level. That activities is taking sac from pallet and lifting sac intomixing machine. The result also acquire that the habit of smoking and exercise fromindividual factors can aggravate the level complaints of low back pain. Procurementof vacuum and pneumatic scissor lift will reduce manual handling risk factors andthe level of risk and complaints of low back pain will decrease.
Keywords: low back pain, manual handling risk factor, unit mixing and supplying
Latar belakang: Penggunaan komputer dapat menimbulkan suatu keluhan kesehatan yang disebut dengan Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS), Sindrom ini dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor risiko individual, lingkungan dan komputer.
Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis faktor-faktor resiko ergonomik individual dan komputer yang berhubungan dengan kejadian Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) pada pekerja pengguna komputer yang berkacamata dan pekerja yang tidak berkacamata.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian metode kualitatatif. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April - Mei 2013 di Unit Pelakasana dan Pelatihan. Sampel sebanyak 18 orang dengan kriteria tertentu, dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok pekerja berkacamata dan pekerja yang tidak berkacamata. Peneliltian dilakukan dengan wawancara langsung menggunakan kuesioner dan pengukuran.
Hasil: Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian CVS adalah Kelembaban 71%, Pencahayaan kurang dari 300-500 lux (KEPMENKES nomor 1405/Menkes/SK/XI/2002), Usia lebih dari 40 tahun (das et al.), lama bekerja dengan komputer, dan jarak komputer dengan mata.
Kesimpulan: Gejala ekstraokuler pada pekerja pengguna kacamata bifocal melakukan retrofleksi leher sehingga leher tertekuk kebelakang yang menyebabkan keluhan nyeri pada leher. Penderita terbanyak bukan dari pengguna kacamata tetapi pada pekerja yang tidak berkacamata. Serta penderita CVS (berdasarkan kriteria anamnesa) di usia 25 tahun, kedua hal ini berkaitan dengan potur ergonomi pada saat kerja baik secara design tempat kerja, kondisi ruangan ataupun durasi kerja yang semuanya saling berkaitan sehingga menimbulkan gejala Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS).
Background: Computer usage could cause health complaints called Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS). This syndrome was influenced by individual and computer risk factors.
Aim: The objective of the study is to identify and to analyze individual and computer factors of computer Vision Syndrome (CVS).
Methods: This study was an observational study with methods qualitatively. The research was conducted in April-May 2013 in the Pelakasana and Training Unit. Sample of 18 people with certain criteria, divided into 2 groups of workers and workers who are not wearing glasses glasses. Peneliltian done by direct interviews using questionnaires and measurements.
Results: Factors associated with the incidence of CVS is Humidity 71%, less than the 300-500 lux lighting (KEPMENKES 1405/Menkes/SK/XI/2002), age over 40 years (das et al.), Long working computers, and computer distance by eye.
Conclusion: Extraocular symptoms in workers bifocal glasses users do retrofleksi neck so the neck is bent backwards which causes pain in the neck. Most patients but not from users goggles to workers who do not wear glasses. And people with CVS (based on criteria anamnesis) at the age of 25 years, these two things related to ergonomic posture at work both in design work, ambient conditions or duration of action that are all intertwined, giving rise to symptoms of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS).
Kata Kunci : Getaran, low back pain, operator forklift.
Low back pain is pain and stiffness in the lower back that occurs when there is anemphasis on areas lumbar that L4 and L5. This study is a descriptive semiquantitative with cross-sectional approach to look at the distribution andfrequency of factors associated with subjective complaints of low back pain inforklift operators that personal factors such as age, years of work, exercise habits(stretching), and a history of low back pain, and vibration exposure dose andduration of vibration exposure. The method is a cross-sectional approach andinvolves 33 forklift operator PT. Pertamina Lubricants Production Unit Jakarta in2014 as research respondents. Primary data collection in this study is measuringvibration using human vibration meter 100 Larson Davis, questionnaires, andinterviews. The results of this study indicate that there is a 60.6% forkliftoperators who have complaints of low back pain and 39.4% operators do not havecomplaints of low back pain. Based on the research results, there are threevariables significantly associated with subjective complaints of low back pain,namely age, exercise habits (stretching), a history of low back pain. While that isnot related to years of work, vibration exposure dose, and duration of exposure tovibration.
Keywords: forklift operator, low back pain, vibration.
Computer users worker in PT. X are at risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders. This study aims to analyze appropriateness of work equipment, the risk level of ergonomic by measuring working postures and subjective symptoms lead to Cumulative Trauma Disorders. This is a descriptive observational study with cross-sectional approach. Using RULA and Nordic Body Map, the results showed there were a discrepancies in some working equipment. While the level of ergonomic risk assessment using RULA from 18 computer users worker observed from 18 divisions that exist indicate high and very high risk with RULA range of values 6-7. While the results of observations on the subjective symptoms lead to Cumulative Trauma Disorders from 153 respondents observed showed 120 (78.43%) of respondents feel there are complaints soreness / aches / pain / discomfort. The biggest complaint occurred at the waist (35.29%), the upper neck (33.98%), and lower neck (33.33%). It is recommended to carry out repair on work equipment, stretching every 2 hours for 1- 5 minutes and make print media to increase information about office ergonomics.
