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Diabetes Mellitus merupakan suatu penyakit kronik yang yang prevalensinya akan meningkat sebagai akibat dari transisi epidemiologi yang sedang berlangsung. Transisi epidemiologi berpenganth terhadap pola penyebab kematian. Permasalahan kesehatan akan bergeser dari masalah-masalah organobiologis menjadi masalah yang berbasis perilaku. Melihat adanya kecenderungan prevalensi DM di berbagai daerah, terutama di kota-kota besar akibat peningkatan kemakmuran, perubahan gaya hidup dan bertambahnya usia harapan hidup maka, dapat dipahami bila dimasa yang akan datang akan berkembang menjadi salah satu penyebab utama kesakitan dan kematian di Indonesia. Merujuk pada hasil survei atau penelitian di bidang penyakit tidak menular angka prevalensi diabetes melitus mengalami peningkatan yang cukup bemakna, hasil SICRT tahtm 2003 menunjukkan angka sebesar 14,7 % di perkotaan dan 7,2 % pedesaaan, yang berarti DM merupakan masalah kesehatan yang cukup serius di masa rnendatang. Diabetesi yang memiliki pengetahuan, sikap, dan keterampilan yang memadai tentang standar diet yang tepat sena mengaplikasikannya dalam diet sehari-hari maka berat badan dan kadar glukosa darahnya dapat dikendalikan dengan baik sehingga dapat mencegah terjadinya komplikasi lebih lanjut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui informasi yang mendalam tentang pengetahuan, persepsi, sikap, miotivasi diabetesi tipe 2 dalarn melaksanakan terapi dietnya dan peranan, dukungan dari keluarga serta tenaga kesehatan di RSUD Sekanvangi tahun 2007. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik FGD dan wawancara mendalam. Informan seluruhnya berjumlah 61 orang, terdiri dari 53 informan diabetesi , 4 orang informan keluarga diabetesi dan 4 orang informan petugas kesehatan. Hasil penelitian rnenunjukkan, pengetahuan informan tentang penyebab DM, gejala DM., pen.gobatan DM, tujuan diet DM, pengertian gula darah, nilai normal gula darah, dan cara mengendalikan gula darah sudah cukup baik. Hal ini disebabkan intbrman penderita sudah cukup mendapatkan intbrmasi dari berbagai surnber baik raisalnya tenaga kesehatan, majalah kesehatan, tv dan teman yang sudah mempunyai pengalaman. Informan dengan kadar glukosa darah tidak terkendali tidak merasakan ancaman apapun apabila mereka tidak melaksanakan diet. Informan dengan kadar glukosa darah terkendali merasakan akan ada ancaman apabila mereka tidak melaksanakan diet, hal ini dikarenakan komplikasi yang ditimbulkan oleh penyakit tersebut tidak cepat dirasakan oleh penderita. Beberapa hal yang dapat disarankan untuk penanganan diabetes tipe 2 di RSUD Sekarwangi diantaranya, pernbentukan tim edukator 1DM, tim asuhan gizi, penyuluhan terpadu, klinik diabetes terpadu, kerjasama dengan dinas kesehatan dalarn hal ini puskesmas dan melakukan kunjungan rumah.
Diabetes mellitus is chronic disease that prevalence always increases as consequence from epidemiology transition and health transition in progress. Epidemiology transition will affect death came pattern. Health issues will shift from oranobiology issues into behavior basis problems. Perceive DM prevalence trend in various country, especially in big cities as consequence of prosperity improvement, lifestyle change and increasing lifespan, so that perceivable if in future period will developed as one of the main disease cause and death in Indonesia. SKRT in 2003 has found rural 14,7 % and urban 7,2 % that means DM is seriously problem. DM patient that has knowledge, attitude and adequate ability toward exact diet standard and implementing it everyday subsequently weight and blood glucose level could controlled properly so that could prevent further complication. Research objective is recognize significant information toward knowledge, perception, attitude and motivation of DM type 2 patient in performing diet therapy and role, support from family and health force at RSUD Sekarwangi year 2007. This research using qualitative method with Discussion Group focuses technique and significant interview. Total informants are 61 people; consist of 53 patient informants, 4 patient family informants and 4 health officer informants. Research result shows that knowledge of patient informant toward DM causes, DM symptoms, DM medications, DM diet purposes, blood sugar interpretation, blood sugar normal value and controlling blood sugar is quite good. It because of patient informant has obtained enough information from various sources such as health officer, health magazine, TV and experienced friends. Informant with uncontrolled blood sugar level does not feel any threat if they are implementing the diet. Informant with controlled blood sugar level does feel threat if they are not implementing the diet. It caused by complication that appear from the disease not felt by patients. Several things that suggested for DM type 2 patient treatments at RSUD Sekarwangi concerning education team, nutritional team, DM clinics, give first-rate service besides in hospital and conduct house visit.
Kata kunci: Cerebral palsy; menstruasi; orang tua; pengasuh; perawatan kebersihan menstruasi; Jakarta Selatan
Menstrual Hygiene treatment for children with cerebral palsy requires different treatment compared to normal children in general. Their inability to replace pads and maintain personal hygiene are the reasons for the need and the role of parents or caregivers in caring for personal hygiene. This study aims to determine the menstrual hygiene practices among adolescent with cerebral palsy assisted by parents or caregivers. This research use qualitative approach with a case study design. In-depth online interviews were conducted with six informants in JuneJuly 2020. The results of the study showed that parents and caregivers of cerebral palsy were concerned about menstrual hygiene care for their children. All informants felt the vulnerability and severity of the disease due to poor menstrual hygiene. The informant also felt the benefits and barriers from the precautions that had been taken. However, most informants did not find out and were never given information or guidance regarding menstrual hygiene care in children with cerebral palsy.
Key words: Caregiver; cerebral palsy; menstrual hygiene care; menstruation; parents; South Jakarta
Malaria disease is still a public health problem, particularly in South Lampungregency. Efforts are being made to tackle malaria in Sub Rajabasa been made,but still met the malaria cases. This study aims to identify positive practicesmalaria prevention and local knowledge of the community, which is an importantfactor to do community empowerment efforts in the prevention of malaria throughhealth education and increase healthy behaviors. The study was conducted inApril 2016 using a qualitative design with positive deviance approach. Data wereobtained by interviews and observations. Analysis of data using content analysisfound several themes on positive practices, namely the use of mosquito nets, theuse of anti-mosquito, the insect screen installation, drain the puddle, close thewindow before the afternoon, cleaning the house and yard. On the negativepractices found out custom theme nights and low community participation, thisstudy found positive practices that do community malaria prevention usingmahogany fruit seeds, planting lemongrass and drink water boiled guava leavesto reject mosquito bites. Suggestion: Keep doing outreach to the communityleaders to increase support for communities, necessary facilitation of healthcenters and health officials to establish the relationship between communityleaders forum between villages in order to share with each other positivepractices do.Keywords: Practice, Malaria, Public
During the pandemic, health workers have an important role in providing health services. Due to the high number of Covid-19 cases, it certainly adds to both the workload and the risk of contracting the disease among them. This was not only had a physical impact but also impact on mental health. This study aims to identify stressors, perception of stressors, coping strategies used to deal with stressors, symptoms felt by health workers, and outcomes of coping in health workers. This study used a qualitative method and a rapid assessment procedures design. The theory used was the theory of Lazarus. Data were collected through in-depth interview among 5 main informants and 2 key informants. This study found that there were internal and external stressors during the Covid-19 pandemic among the health workers. The majority of the health workers perceived that stressors are obstacles while some other informants perceived them neither as obstacle nor a threat, but as a challenge. Most of the informants perceived that they are able to overcome or reduce stressors. They also felt that they have social support from their family, parents, and coworkers. Various kinds of stress symptoms that appeared in the form of psychological changes include reduced enthusiasm for productivity, difficulty sleeping, feeling bored, and irritated. Meanwhile, physiological changes include symptoms of ulcers or increased stomach acid, fatigue, chills, and eating a lot. Most of the informants tend to use Emotion Focused Coping which after doing so, they felt positive feelings
