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Kata kunci: Balita, Faktor-faktor, Indonesia, Pneumonia
Pneumonia is acute lower respiratory tract infection that affect lung function inparticular. This disease is a leading mortality on under-five children after diarrhea.According to Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2018, prevalence of pneumoniaon group of under-five children is 4,8%, high than the national pneumoniaprevalence which is 4,0%. This study aims to analyse factors related to pneumoniaon under-five children in Indonesia on 2017. Cross-sectional design study waschosen with 13.855 samples included. This study is an extension analysis ofIndonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) 2017 data. The data analysis inthis study used chi square test and logistic regression. Result found that there is astatistically significant relationship between pneumonia under-five children withtype of residence, type of wall, 12-23 months old, 24-35 months old, DPT-Hibimmunisation, birth weight, and elementary school graduated mother. Dominantinfluencing factors of pneumonia on under-five children in Indonesia based onIDHS 2017 data is type of wall.
Keywords: Determinants; Indonesia; Toddler; Pneumonia.
Penyakit diare menjadi salah satu gangguan gastrointestinal yang sering terjadi pada anak usia balita dan menjadi penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas. Provinsi Papua Pegunungan memiliki capaian sanitasi rendah dan prevalensi diare balita tertinggi di Indonesia pada tahun 2023. Faktor lingkungan dan faktor ibu merupakan faktor yang saling berkaitan dengan kejadian diare pada anak balita. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor risiko kejadian diare pada anak balita di Provinsi Papua Pegunungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dan sumber data diperoleh dari Survei Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2023 dengan jumlah sampel yang dianalisis sebesar 266 anak usia 0-59 bulan di Provinsi Papua Pegunungan. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-Square dan multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik model determinan. Hasil menunjukkan ada hubungan antara sumber air minum, akses sanitasi, jenis lantai dan pendidikan ibu dengan kejadian diare pada anak balita. Pendidikan ibu rendah merupakan faktor paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap kejadian diare. Anak balita yang berasal dari ibu dengan pendidikan rendah akan berisiko 2,832 kali lebih besar untuk mengalami diare dibandingkan anak balita yang berasal dari ibu dengan pendidikan tinggi. Diperlukan kerjasama dari pemerintah dan masyarakat dalam peningkatan akses pendidikan yang merata disetiap wilayah serta kolaborasi penyelenggara kesehatan untuk meningkatkan pendidikan kesehatan melalui promosi kesehatan terpadu terkait perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat dalam lingkungan rumah tangga.
Diarrhea is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders in children under five years of age and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Papua Pegunungan Province has the lowest sanitation achievement and the highest prevalence of under five years of diarrhea in Indonesia by 2023. Environmental factors and maternal factors are interrelated with the incidence of diarrhea in children under five years. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors for the incidence of diarrhea in children under five years in Papua Pegunungan Province. This study used a cross sectional design and the data source from the Indonesian Health Survey in 2023 with a total sample of 266 children aged 0-59 months in Papua Pegunungan Province. Data were analyzed univariate, bivariate with Chi- Square test and multivariate with logistic regression of determinant models. Results showed an association between drinking water source, sanitation access, floor type and mother's education with the incidence of diarrhea in children under five. Low maternal education is the most dominant factor affecting the incidence of diarrhea. Children under five who come from mothers with low education will be at risk 2,832 times greater to experience diarrhea than children under five who come from mothers with high education. Cooperation is needed from the government and the community to increasing access to education that is evenly distributed in each region and collaboration of health providers to improve health education through integrated health promotion related to clean and healthy living behaviors in the household environment.
Malaria, disease infectious through mosquitoes especially due to by parasite Plasmodium. Malaria is disease infection parasites that are still become problem health public main in Indonesia. Based on Survey Indonesian Health (SKI) 2023 , three province with prevalence highest are Papua (21.4 % ), Central Papua (19.3%) and Mountain Papua (8.82%). The destinations Study This that is analyze connection between characteristic factors individual , factor behavior And factor environment with malaria incidence in society in Indonesia. Research This use design study cross-sectional with using Indonesian health survey data in 2023 and amount sample namely 36,675 respondents . The results study this is a characteristic factor individual age ≥ 18 years (81.7%), type sex women (54.2%), education low (67%), and employment status “ working ” (60.4%). F actor characteristics behavior , including No use mosquito net (98.1 % ), no use drug mosquitoes (91.5%), do malaria treatment (99.7%), and No There is use gauze ventilation (82.9%). Factor characteristics environment , including system disposal waste No good (83.6 % ) and management rubbish not enough good (85.9%). Management rubbish with obtained mark p-value < 0.05 (OR 0.687) is the most dominant variable to malaria incidence in Indonesia.
