Ditemukan 41290 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query :: Simpan CSV
Sarah At Tauhidah; Pembimbing: Adang Bachtiar; Penguji: Anhari Achadi, Vetty Yulianty Permanasari, Dakhlan Choeron, Dewi Damayanti
Abstrak:
Permasalahan gizi di Indonesia masih merupakan pekerjaan rumah yang besar, dimana menurut Riskesdas tahun 2018 menunjukkan 17,7% balita di Indonesia masih bermasalah dengan status gizinya. Pada tahun 2020, pandemi Covid-19 yang terjadi berdampak secara langsung terhadap pelayanan kesehatan, salah satunya pelayanan gizi. Dengan berbagai regulasi maupun kebijakan yang bergulir di masa pandemi, salah satunya pembatasan pelayanan, evaluasi pada pelaksanaannya harus ada dan sigap untuk disikapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi pelayanan gizi pada bayi dan balita di masa pandemi Covid-19 di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Cinere. Desain penelitian yang digunakan ialah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen. Kerangka konsep mengacu pada model proses implementasi kebijakan Van Matter dan Van Horn dengan pendekatan critical thinking analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja implementasi pelayanan gizi pada bayi dan balita belum terlaksana dengan optimal. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan adanya peningkatan masalah gizi yang cukup signifikan di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Cinere selama masa pandemi. Selain itu mayoritas programnya pun belum memenuhi capaian target tahunan. Hasil analisa kausalitas di masing-masing variabel ditemukan jika ketakutan dan kekhawatiran ibu, kurangnya sumber daya, baik tenaga kesehatan dan sarana prasarana, serta kurangnya pemahaman para pelaksana merupakan faktor paling menonjol yang mempengaruhinya. Namun dengan segala keterbatasan yang ada, Kader Posyandu Pangkalan Jati Baru dinilai sebagai pelaku positive deviance dan Posyandu Keliling sebagai creative action yang selanjutnya memungkinkan untuk diaplikasikan di daerah lain. Penelitian ini menghasilkan 3 rekomendasi utama. Untuk jangka pendek, rekomendasi rekruitmen tenaga kesehatan. Untuk jangka menengah, rekomendasi pemanfaatan teknologi informasi. Untuk jangan Panjang, rekomendasi pembangunan penambahan Puskesmas baru (Unit Pelaksana Fungsional)
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T-6065
Depok : FKM-UI, 2021
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Ekasafitri A.S. Sangadji; Pembimbing: Dumilah Ayuningtyas; Penguji: Anhari Achadi, Vetty Yulianty Permanasari, Enny Ekasari, Widyawati
Abstrak:
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beberapa kegiatan pelaksanaan kesehatan jiwa tidak terlaksana karena adanya pembatasan sosial, ukuran dan tujuan kebijakan dipahami dan telah dilaksanakan, kurangnya koordinasi lintas sektor, minimnya ketersediaan sumber daya manusia dan kompetensi bidang kesehatan jiwa, komunikasi antar organisasi berjalan baik, disposisi pelaksana baik, serta adanya pengaruh lingkungan ekonomi, sosial dan politik.
Kesimpulannya implementasi kebijakan kesehatan jiwa dan psikososial pada masa pandemi COVID-19 belum berjalan dengan baik dikarenakan pembatasan sosial, minimnya sumber daya manusia dan kompetensi bidang kesehatan jiwa, serta kurangnya koordinasi lintas sektor. Rekomendasinya perlu dibuat Surat Edaran maupun Rencana Aksi Daerah tentang pelaksanaan kesehatan jiwa dan psikososial pada masa pandemi termasuk upaya mitigasi
Depok is the first city to find cases of COVID-19 infection, until 19 October 2020 there have been 6,661 people were confirmed positive. Due to the increasing number of cases, the Depok City Government implemented Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB). The implementation of these policies also affects mental and psychosocial health.
The purpose of this study is to find out the implementation of mental health and psychosocial policies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Depok City, West Java Province. The research method used a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with informants and document review with the Van Meter & Van Horn framework, and the validity of the data used triangulation of sources and methods. This research was conducted from October to December 2020. The results showed that some mental health implementation activities were not carried out due to social restrictions, policies and objectives were understood and implemented, lack of cross-sector coordination, lack of availability of human resources and competence in mental health, communication between organizations is running well, the disposition of the executor is good, as well as the influence of the economic, social and political environment. In conclusion, the implementation of mental health and psychosocial policies during the COVID-19 pandemic has not been going well due to social restrictions, lack of human resources and mental health competence, and lack of cross-sector coordination. The recommendations need to formulate neither Circular Letter nor Regional Action Plan on the implementation of mental and psychosocial health during the pandemic including mitigation efforts
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Kota Depok merupakan kota pertama ditemukan kasus terinfeksi COVID-19. Akibat meningkatnya jumlah kasus, Pemerintah Kota Depok menerapkan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) di Kota Depok. Penerapan kebijakan tersebut juga memengaruhi kesehatan kesehatan jiwa dan psikososial.
Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi kebijakan kesehatan jiwa dan psikososial pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di Kota Depok, Jawa Barat. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam kepada informan dan telaah dokumen dengan framework Van Meter & Van Horn, serta keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan metode. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama bulan Oktober sampai Desember 2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beberapa kegiatan pelaksanaan kesehatan jiwa tidak terlaksana karena adanya pembatasan sosial, ukuran dan tujuan kebijakan dipahami dan telah dilaksanakan, kurangnya koordinasi lintas sektor, minimnya ketersediaan sumber daya manusia dan kompetensi bidang kesehatan jiwa, komunikasi antar organisasi berjalan baik, disposisi pelaksana baik, serta adanya pengaruh lingkungan ekonomi, sosial dan politik.
Kesimpulannya implementasi kebijakan kesehatan jiwa dan psikososial pada masa pandemi COVID-19 belum berjalan dengan baik dikarenakan pembatasan sosial, minimnya sumber daya manusia dan kompetensi bidang kesehatan jiwa, serta kurangnya koordinasi lintas sektor. Rekomendasinya perlu dibuat Surat Edaran maupun Rencana Aksi Daerah tentang pelaksanaan kesehatan jiwa dan psikososial pada masa pandemi termasuk upaya mitigasi
Depok is the first city to find cases of COVID-19 infection, until 19 October 2020 there have been 6,661 people were confirmed positive. Due to the increasing number of cases, the Depok City Government implemented Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB). The implementation of these policies also affects mental and psychosocial health.
The purpose of this study is to find out the implementation of mental health and psychosocial policies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Depok City, West Java Province. The research method used a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with informants and document review with the Van Meter & Van Horn framework, and the validity of the data used triangulation of sources and methods. This research was conducted from October to December 2020. The results showed that some mental health implementation activities were not carried out due to social restrictions, policies and objectives were understood and implemented, lack of cross-sector coordination, lack of availability of human resources and competence in mental health, communication between organizations is running well, the disposition of the executor is good, as well as the influence of the economic, social and political environment. In conclusion, the implementation of mental health and psychosocial policies during the COVID-19 pandemic has not been going well due to social restrictions, lack of human resources and mental health competence, and lack of cross-sector coordination. The recommendations need to formulate neither Circular Letter nor Regional Action Plan on the implementation of mental and psychosocial health during the pandemic including mitigation efforts
T-6063
Depok : FKM-UI, 2021
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Erlin Friska; Pembimbing: Helen Andriani; Penguji: Dumilah Ayuningtyas, Pujiyanto, Novita Setiyanti, Amirati Dwishinta Widhiasri Widjajanto
Abstrak:
Pemerintah daerah Kabupaten Kudus telah berkomitmen untuk percepatan pencegahan kasus stunting dan berupaya dalam mewujudkan Kudus zero stunting dengan menerbitkan Peraturan Bupati Kudus No. 53 tahun 2020 tentang Percepatan Pencegahan Stunting di Kabupaten Kudus. Namun pelaksanaan konvergensi di Kabupaten Kudus belum berjalan optimal. Hasil rapat kerja penilaian aksi konvergensi pencegaham stunting terintegrasi di Jawa Tengah tahun 2020, kapasitas pelaksanaan analisis situasi dan inputing serta kualitas analisis situasi dengan keterlibatan lintas sektor di Kabupaten Kudus belum optimal, rembug stunting belum dilakukan secara intensif, dan belum adanya regulasi untuk memperkuat publikasi pencegahan stunting. Selain itu pandemi COVID-19 menimbulkan adanya refocusing anggaran dari pelayanan dan program yang lain termasuk pencegahan stunting. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan percepatan pencegahan stunting pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di Kabupaten Kudus. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam kepada informan dan telaah dokumen dengan framework Edward III meliputi variabel komunikasi, sumber daya, disposisi, dan struktur birokrasi dan Van Meter dan Van Horn meliputi variabel lingkungan ekonomi, sosial dan politik. Informan penelitian yaitu perwakilan dari perangkat daerah yang tergabung dalam tim percepatan pencegahan stunting pada tingkat kabupaten, kecamatan, maupun desa/kelurahan serta Kader Pembangunan Manusia (KPM). Penelitian dilakukan bulan April hingga Mei 2022. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan sudah berjalan namun intervensi gizi sensitif belum maksimal, komunikasi yang dilakukan terbatas dikarenakan kondisi pandemi COVID-19, sumber daya yang tersedia cukup memadai, terdapat panduan kebijakan yang telah diketahui dan dipahami oleh pelaksana kebijakan, koordinasi yang terjalin belum optimal, lingkungan ekonomi dan sosial yang belum cukup mendukung dan lingkungan politik cukup mendukung kebijakan. Kesimpulannya implementasi kebijakan percepatan pencegahan stunting pada masa pandemi COVID-19 belum berjalan dengan optimal dengan masih adanya kendala pada variabel sumber daya manusia, koordinasi, serta lingkungan ekonomi dan sosial. Dengan demikian pelaksanaan konvergensi masih perlu ditingkatkan dengan melaksanakan kegiatan secara koordinatif antar lembaga. Sosialisasi kepada masyarakat tetap digencarkan agar tujuan kebijakan dapat tercapai. Diperlukan adanya penyesuaian kebijakan dengan Perpres terbaru tantang percepatan penurunan stunting.
The local government of Kudus Regency has committed to accelerating the handling of stunting cases and is trying to realize Kudus zero stunting by issuing Regional Regulation Number 53/2020 concerning the Acceleration of Stunting Prevention in Kudus Regency. However, the implementation of convergence in Kudus has not run optimally. The results of the work meeting on the assessment of the integrated stunting prevention convergence action in Central Java in 2020, the capacity for implementing situation analysis and inputting as well as the quality of situation analysis with cross-sectoral involvement in Kudus Regency has not been optimal, the stunting discussion has not been carried out intensively, and there are no regulations to strengthen publications of stunting prevention. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a refocusing of the budget from other services and programs, including stunting prevention. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of policies to accelerate stunting prevention during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kudus Regency. This research is qualitative research. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with informants and document review with the Edward III framework covering the variables of communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure and Van Meter and Van Horn covering variables of the economic, social and political environment. Research informants are representatives from regional apparatus who are members of the stunting prevention acceleration team at the district, sub-district, and village/kelurahan levels as well as the Human Development Cadre (KPM). The study was conducted from April to May 2022. The results show that policy implementation has been running but sensitive nutrition interventions have not been maximized, communication is limited due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the available resources are adequate, and there are policy guidelines that are known and understood by policy implementers, coordination is not optimal. , the economic and social environment is not yet sufficiently supportive and the political environment is sufficiently supportive of policies. In conclusion, the implementation of the policy to accelerate stunting prevention during the COVID-19 pandemic has not run optimally, with constraints on human resource variables, coordination, as well as the economic and social environment. Thus, the implementation of convergence still needs to be improved by carrying out activities in a coordinated manner between institutions. Socialization to the community continues to be intensified so that policy objectives can be achieved. This policy need to be adjusted with the latest Presidential Regulation on accelerating stunting reduction.
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The local government of Kudus Regency has committed to accelerating the handling of stunting cases and is trying to realize Kudus zero stunting by issuing Regional Regulation Number 53/2020 concerning the Acceleration of Stunting Prevention in Kudus Regency. However, the implementation of convergence in Kudus has not run optimally. The results of the work meeting on the assessment of the integrated stunting prevention convergence action in Central Java in 2020, the capacity for implementing situation analysis and inputting as well as the quality of situation analysis with cross-sectoral involvement in Kudus Regency has not been optimal, the stunting discussion has not been carried out intensively, and there are no regulations to strengthen publications of stunting prevention. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a refocusing of the budget from other services and programs, including stunting prevention. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of policies to accelerate stunting prevention during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kudus Regency. This research is qualitative research. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with informants and document review with the Edward III framework covering the variables of communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure and Van Meter and Van Horn covering variables of the economic, social and political environment. Research informants are representatives from regional apparatus who are members of the stunting prevention acceleration team at the district, sub-district, and village/kelurahan levels as well as the Human Development Cadre (KPM). The study was conducted from April to May 2022. The results show that policy implementation has been running but sensitive nutrition interventions have not been maximized, communication is limited due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the available resources are adequate, and there are policy guidelines that are known and understood by policy implementers, coordination is not optimal. , the economic and social environment is not yet sufficiently supportive and the political environment is sufficiently supportive of policies. In conclusion, the implementation of the policy to accelerate stunting prevention during the COVID-19 pandemic has not run optimally, with constraints on human resource variables, coordination, as well as the economic and social environment. Thus, the implementation of convergence still needs to be improved by carrying out activities in a coordinated manner between institutions. Socialization to the community continues to be intensified so that policy objectives can be achieved. This policy need to be adjusted with the latest Presidential Regulation on accelerating stunting reduction.
T-6476
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Shanti Lestari; Pembimbing: Adang Bachtiar; Penguji: Ede Surya Darmawan, Mardiati Nadjib, Elisa Adam, Emma Rachmawati
Abstrak:
Telekonsultasi FKTP adalah salah satu kebijakan yang dikeluarkan BPJS Kesehatan. Defenisi yang digunakan dalam Telekonsultasi ini adalah Pelayanan Kontak Tidak Langsung yang merupakan pemberian pelayanan kesehatan melalui sistem informasi yang digunakan oleh FKTP dan Peserta sebagai sarana komunikasi, atau melalui sistem informasi yang disediakan oleh BPJS Kesehatan, sebagai sarana komunikasi/konsultasi secara 2 arah. Kebijakan ini mulai dilaksanakan April 2020 dan hingga Agustus 2021, pencapaian secara Nasional masih belum optimal, hanya beberapa kabupaten/kota yang menunjukkan pencapaian lebih baik, salah satu nya adalah pencapaian tertinggi di FKTP Kota Malang, Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis Implementasi kebijakan Telekonsultasi FKTP dalam mencegah penyebaran COVID-19 tanpa pasien kehilangan hak nya untuk dapat akses ke layanan kesehatan, menggunakan metode kualitatif, selama bulan Oktober 2021 - Desember 2021 di FKTP Kota Malang. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui FGD dan Wawancara Mendalam kepada Informan utama dan telaah dokumen, menggunakan Implementasi Kebijakan Van Meter dan Van Horn. Hasil penelitian di bulan November 2021 diperoleh capaian Angka Kontak KBK tercapai 135/mill dari target minimal 150/mill, Angka Kontak Tidak Langsung untuk indikator kepatuhan faskes pada kualitas mutu baru tercapai dengan bobot 15% dari target 20%, 100% FKTP Kota Malang telah Implementasi Telekonsultasi, dan pemanfaatan oleh pasien perlahan meningkat sampai dengan 33.66% serta terjadi trend peningkatan FKTP kerjasama. Pada penelitian ini, Peneliti menyarankan pelatihan petugas FKTP dilakukan secara periodik, dimulai dengan melakukan Telekonsultasi pada Peserta Prolanis, supervisi langsung dijadikan kegiatan rutin dan dukungan politik melalui Pemerintah Kota Malang untuk dapat memperbanyak hotspot-hotspot gratis yang dapat diakses oleh warga, sehingga dapat memanfaatkan pelayanan Telekonsultasi
Teleconsultation FKTP is one of the policies issued by BPJS Kesehatan. The definition used in this Teleconsultation is Indirect Contact Service, which is the provision of health services through an information system used by FKTP and Participants as a means of communication, or through an information system provided by BPJS Health, as a means of two-way communication/consultation. This policy began to be implemented in April 2020 and until August 2021, national achievements are still not optimal, only a few districts/cities have shown better achievements, one of which is the highest achievement in the Malang City FKTP. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the FKTP Teleconsultation policy in preventing the spread of COVID-19 without patients losing their rights to access health services, using qualitative methods, during October 2021 - December 2021 at the Malang City FKTP. Data collection techniques through FGD and in-depth interviews with key informants and document review, using the Van Meter and Van Horn Policy Implementation. The results of the research in November 2021 obtained that the KBK Contact Number reached 135/mill from the minimum target of 150/mill, the Indirect Contact Number for health facilities compliance indicators on quality was only achieved with a weight of 15% of the 20% target, 100% of Malang City FKTP had Teleconsultation implementation, and utilization by patients slowly increased up to 33.66% and there was an increasing trend of collaborative FKTP. In this study, the researcher suggests that the training of FKTP officers be carried out periodically, starting with teleconsultation to Prolanis participants, direct supervision as a routine activity and political support through the Malang City Government to be able to increase free hotspots that can be accessed by residents, so they can take advantage of the services. Teleconsultation
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Teleconsultation FKTP is one of the policies issued by BPJS Kesehatan. The definition used in this Teleconsultation is Indirect Contact Service, which is the provision of health services through an information system used by FKTP and Participants as a means of communication, or through an information system provided by BPJS Health, as a means of two-way communication/consultation. This policy began to be implemented in April 2020 and until August 2021, national achievements are still not optimal, only a few districts/cities have shown better achievements, one of which is the highest achievement in the Malang City FKTP. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the FKTP Teleconsultation policy in preventing the spread of COVID-19 without patients losing their rights to access health services, using qualitative methods, during October 2021 - December 2021 at the Malang City FKTP. Data collection techniques through FGD and in-depth interviews with key informants and document review, using the Van Meter and Van Horn Policy Implementation. The results of the research in November 2021 obtained that the KBK Contact Number reached 135/mill from the minimum target of 150/mill, the Indirect Contact Number for health facilities compliance indicators on quality was only achieved with a weight of 15% of the 20% target, 100% of Malang City FKTP had Teleconsultation implementation, and utilization by patients slowly increased up to 33.66% and there was an increasing trend of collaborative FKTP. In this study, the researcher suggests that the training of FKTP officers be carried out periodically, starting with teleconsultation to Prolanis participants, direct supervision as a routine activity and political support through the Malang City Government to be able to increase free hotspots that can be accessed by residents, so they can take advantage of the services. Teleconsultation
T-6335
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Innana Mardhatillah; Pembimbing: Jaslis Ilyas; Penguji: Anhari Achadi, Emi Nurjasmi, Punto Dewo
Abstrak:
Data dan informasi profil kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2016 menunjukan hanya sebesar 29,5 % bayi mendapatkan ASI Eksklusif sampai 6 bulan, rendahnya pemberian ASI Eksklusif membuat pemerintah mengeluarkan PP No 33 tahun 2012 tentang pemberian ASI Eksklusif. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan pemberian ASI Eksklusif di wilayah kerja puskesmas cicalengka. Penelitian menggunakan analisis kualitatif dengan metode wawancara mendalam, diskusi kelompok terarah dan studi literatur. Hasil Penelitian menemukan implementasi kebijakan pemberian ASI di puskesmas belum berjalan optimal terlihat dari cakupan pemberin ASI secara eksklusif yang masih rendah. Sosialisasi kebijakan belum dilakukan secara keseluruhan, pembagian waktu dan tugas belum jelas dan belum memiliki anggaran khusus serta peggunaan Standar Operasional Prosedur dalam menjalankan kebijakan kurang. Komunikasi merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap implementasi kebijakan. Belum ada dukungan dan komitmen dari seluruh pegawai dalam pelaksanaan kebijakan pemberian ASI secara Eksklusif. Saran yang diajukan adalah konsisten melakukan sosialisasi kepada pegawai maupun masyarakat, dilaksanakan supervisi dalam upaya pengawalan kebijakan, menjalankan Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP), mengalokasikan anggaran kegiatan di tahun 2018, membuat nota kesepahaman dengan instansi lain, dan self assessment serta evaluasi program mutlak dilakukan secara kontinyu.
Data and information on the health profile of Indonesia in 2016 showed only 29.5% of infants receive exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months, the low level of exclusive breastfeeding made the government issue a regulation on exclusive breastfeeding in PP No.33 Tahun 2012. The study aimed to analyze the policy implementation of exclusive breastfeeding at Cicalengka Public Health Center. The study used qualitative analysis with in-depth interview method, focus group discussion and literature study. The result of this study shows that breastfeeding policy implementation in health centers is not optimal, as seen from the low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding. Socialization of the policy has not been done as a whole, the time and task division is unclear and has no special budget and the use of standard operating procedures in carrying out the policy less. Communication is the most influential factor in the implementation of the policy. There is no support and commitment from all employees in the implementation of exclusive breastfeeding policy. The suggestion is to consistently socialize to employees and the public, carry out supervision in an effort to secure the policy, run the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP), allocate budget activities in 2018, create a memorandum of understanding with other agencies, and Self-assessment and program evaluation absolutely must do continuously.
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Data and information on the health profile of Indonesia in 2016 showed only 29.5% of infants receive exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months, the low level of exclusive breastfeeding made the government issue a regulation on exclusive breastfeeding in PP No.33 Tahun 2012. The study aimed to analyze the policy implementation of exclusive breastfeeding at Cicalengka Public Health Center. The study used qualitative analysis with in-depth interview method, focus group discussion and literature study. The result of this study shows that breastfeeding policy implementation in health centers is not optimal, as seen from the low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding. Socialization of the policy has not been done as a whole, the time and task division is unclear and has no special budget and the use of standard operating procedures in carrying out the policy less. Communication is the most influential factor in the implementation of the policy. There is no support and commitment from all employees in the implementation of exclusive breastfeeding policy. The suggestion is to consistently socialize to employees and the public, carry out supervision in an effort to secure the policy, run the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP), allocate budget activities in 2018, create a memorandum of understanding with other agencies, and Self-assessment and program evaluation absolutely must do continuously.
T-5113
Depok : FKM UI, 2018
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Surya Dina Amri; Pembimbing: Adik Wibowo; Penguji: Puput Oktamianti, Dumilah Ayuningtyas, Ramadhani Kirana Putra, Elvi Rosanti
Abstrak:
Pelayanan gizi pada bayi dan balita tidak dapat dilaksanakan selama masa pandemi COVID-19 dengan adanya Kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB). Angka kunjungan ke POSYANDU di empat wilayah kerja Puskesmas se-Kota Solok mengalami penurunan signifikan pada bulan April hingga bulan Mei tahun 2020. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia mengeluarkan Pedoman Pelayanan Gizi pada Bayi dan Balita di Masa Tanggap Darurat COVID-19 pada tanggal 4 Mei 2020. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan Pedoman Pelayanan Gizi pada Bayi dan Balita di Masa Tanggap Darurat COVID-19 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas se-Kota Solok dari perspektif kebijakan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan desain studi kasus pada bulan Mei sampai Agustus 2021 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas se-Kota Solok dan Dinas Kesehatan Kota Solok. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode observasi, telaah dokumen dan wawancara mendalam terhadap 11 informan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor internal (Kebijakan Kepala Puskesmas, SDM, dana dan fasilitas) serta faktor eksternal (Kebijakan Pemerintah Daerah Kota Solok dan kondisi-sosial ekonomi masyarakat) yang dimiliki oleh Puskesmas se-Kota Solok tidak sepenuhnya mendukung untuk pelaksanaan Pedoman Pelayanan Gizi pada Bayi dan Balita di Masa Tanggap Darurat COVID-19. Keadaan penduduk di wilayah kerja masing-masing Puskesmas yang masih banyak tidak memiliki smartphone dan tidak bisa akses media sosial menyebabkan konseling gizi secara daring tidak dapat dilaksanakan oleh Petugas Gizi. Kegiatan pelayanan gizi di POSYANDU tidak menerapkan protokol kesehatan dengan baik dikarenakan kurang memadainya sarana dan prasarana kesehatan. Kegiatan pelayanan gizi pada bayi dan balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas se-Kota Solok pada masa tanggap darurat COVID-19 tidak dilaksanakan sepenuhnya sesuai Pedoman Pelayanan Gizi pada Bayi dan Balita di Masa Tanggap Darurat COVID-19. Kepala Puskesmas dan Petugas Gizi diharapkan bekerjasama dengan Tokoh Masyarakat (Ketua RT/RW), Kepala Kelurahan dan Pemerintah Daerah Kota Solok dalam meningkatkan swadaya masyarakat dengan cara mengadakan rapat lintas sektor dan memanfaatkan dana kelurahan untuk mendukung pembangunan sarana dan prasarana kesehatan di Posyandu berbasis gotong royong seperti yang telah diatur oleh Pemerintah Daerah Kota Solok
Nutrition services for infants and children under-five cannot be carried out during COVID-19 pandemic because of the Large-Scale Social Restriction Policy (Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar/PSBB). POSYANDU visit rate in the four working areas of Public Health Centers (Puskesmas) in Solok City showed significant decrease from April to May 2020. To overcome this, the Ministry of Health of Indonesian Republic issued Nutrition Services Guidelines for Infants and Children Under-Five during COVID-19 Emergency Response Period on May 4th, 2020. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Nutrition Services Guidelines for Infants and Children Under-Five during COVID-19 Emergency Response Period in Public Health Centers in Solok City from policy perspective. This study was conducted with qualitative approach and case study design from May to August 2021 in Public Health Centers in Solok City. Data was collected by using observation, document review and in-depth interviews with 11 informants. The results showed that internal factors (Internal Policy, HR, funds and facilities) as well as external factors (Solok City Government Policy and community socio-economic conditions) of Public Health Centers in Solok City did not fully support the implementation of Nutrition Services Guidelines for Infants and Children Under-Five during COVID-19 Emergency Response Period. Population condition which still does not have a smartphone and cannot access social media, causes online nutrition counseling cannot be carried out by Nutrition Officers. Nutrition service activities at POSYANDU did not properly implement health protocols due to inadequate health facilities and infrastructure. Nutrition service activities for infants and children under-five in Public Health Centers in Solok City during COVID-19 were not fully implemented according to Nutrition Services Guidelines for Infants and Children Under-Five during COVID-19 Emergency Response Period. Heads of Public Health Centers and Nutrition Officers are expected to cooperate with Community Leaders and Local Government of Solok City in increasing community self-reliance by holding cross-sectoral meetings and utilizing village funds to support the development of health facilities and infrastructure in POSYANDU based on mutual cooperation as regulated by the Local Government of Solok City.
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Nutrition services for infants and children under-five cannot be carried out during COVID-19 pandemic because of the Large-Scale Social Restriction Policy (Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar/PSBB). POSYANDU visit rate in the four working areas of Public Health Centers (Puskesmas) in Solok City showed significant decrease from April to May 2020. To overcome this, the Ministry of Health of Indonesian Republic issued Nutrition Services Guidelines for Infants and Children Under-Five during COVID-19 Emergency Response Period on May 4th, 2020. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Nutrition Services Guidelines for Infants and Children Under-Five during COVID-19 Emergency Response Period in Public Health Centers in Solok City from policy perspective. This study was conducted with qualitative approach and case study design from May to August 2021 in Public Health Centers in Solok City. Data was collected by using observation, document review and in-depth interviews with 11 informants. The results showed that internal factors (Internal Policy, HR, funds and facilities) as well as external factors (Solok City Government Policy and community socio-economic conditions) of Public Health Centers in Solok City did not fully support the implementation of Nutrition Services Guidelines for Infants and Children Under-Five during COVID-19 Emergency Response Period. Population condition which still does not have a smartphone and cannot access social media, causes online nutrition counseling cannot be carried out by Nutrition Officers. Nutrition service activities at POSYANDU did not properly implement health protocols due to inadequate health facilities and infrastructure. Nutrition service activities for infants and children under-five in Public Health Centers in Solok City during COVID-19 were not fully implemented according to Nutrition Services Guidelines for Infants and Children Under-Five during COVID-19 Emergency Response Period. Heads of Public Health Centers and Nutrition Officers are expected to cooperate with Community Leaders and Local Government of Solok City in increasing community self-reliance by holding cross-sectoral meetings and utilizing village funds to support the development of health facilities and infrastructure in POSYANDU based on mutual cooperation as regulated by the Local Government of Solok City.
T-6303
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Rosmala Atina Rusadi; Pembimbing: Adang Bachtiar; Penguji: Ascobat Gani, Mardiati Nadjib, Baequni, Achmad Farich
Abstrak:
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Pandemi COVID 19 memberikan tantangan bagi rumah sakit dalam pelayanan maupun administrasi. Peningkatan pasien COVID 19 membutuhkan biaya relatif tinggi yang berimplikasi terhadap pendapatan rumah sakit. Berdasarkan peraturan menteri kesehatan No 56 Tahun 2016 biaya pasien penyakit infeksi emerging termasuk COVID 19 dapat diklaim kepada Kementerian kesehatan. KMK 5673 tahun 2021 adalah kebijakan berupa juknis klaim penggantian biaya pelayanan pasien COVID 19. Kebijakan ini berlaku mulai tanggal 01 Oktober 2021 yang sebelumnya telah terjadi 3 kali perubahan pada juknis klaim. Perubahan juknis berakibat perbedaan persepsi antara petugas klaim sehingga menyebabkan banyak kasus klaim pending, dispute dan klaim kadaluarsa. Berdasarkan data BPJS Kesehatan total klaim yang diajukan dari rumah sakit pada tahun 2020 sebanyak 433.077 pasien yaitu Rp. 27 triliun dengan rincian 348.046 (61,71 %) kasus sesuai, 83.931 (37,80 %) kasus dispute dan 1.097 (0,49 %) kasus tidak sesuai dimana sudah dibayarkan sebesar Rp. 35 triliun untuk 536.482 kasus. Pada Tahun 2021 total klaim Rp. 90,20 triliun dengan verifikasi selesai sebesar Rp. 50,1 triliun dengan realisasi pelunasan baru mencapai 67,36 % yaitu sebesar Rp. 28 triliun. Adanya kasus klaim pending, dispute dan kadaluarsa terjadi di wilayah RSUD dr Soehadi Prijonegoro Kab. Sragen dimana berdasarkan Gubernur Jawa Tengah no 445 menjadi salah satu rumah sakit rujukan COVID 19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan penggantian klaim biaya pasien COVID 19 di RSUD dr Soehadi Prijonegoro Kabupaten Sragen di masa pandemi tahun 2020 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, dilakukan selama bulan maret 2022 sampai dengan Mei 2022 di RSUD dr Soehadi Prijonegoro kab. Sragen, Dinas Kesehatan Kab. Sragen, BPJS Kesehatan Cabang Surakarta dan Kementrian Kesehatan. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui Wawancara Mendalam, Observasi dan Telaah Dokumen. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan model Implementasi Kebijakan Van Meter dan Van Horn. Hasil penelitian di bulan April 2022 sampai dengan Mei 2022 diperoleh bahwa Implementasi kebijakan belum optimal masih banyak kendala seperti tidak ada SOP, struktur organisasi, tidak ada pelatihan, stabilisasi internet serta kurangnya peran Dinas kesehatan dalam penyelesaian kasus dispute dan pending klaim. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini mempunyai implikasi teoritis bahwa teori Van Meter dan Van Horn dapat digunakan untuk menjelaskan keberhasilan dari Implementasi Kebijakan melalui 6 variabel yaitu ukuran dan tujuan, sumber daya, karakteristik organisasi, komunikasi antar organisasi, disposisi dan lingkungan sosial, ekonomi serta politik yang saling mempengaruhi. Saran pada penelitian ini adalah adanya penguatan koordinasi antar organisasi dan intra organisasi, pembuatan SOP serta struktur organisasi, optimalisasi peran Dinas Kesehatan dalam penyelesaian klaim pasien COVID 19
The COVID 19 pandemic poses challenges for hospitals in terms of service and administration. The increase in COVID 19 patients requires relatively high costs which have implications for hospital revenues. Based on the Minister of Health Regulation No. 56/2016, the cost of PIE patients including COVID 19 can be claimed to the Ministry of Health. KMK 5673 of 2021 is a policy in the form of technical guidelines for claiming reimbursement for COVID 19 patient services. This policy is effective from October 1, 2021, where previously there have been 3 changes to the technical guidelines for claims. Changes in technical guidelines resulted in differences in perception between claims officers, causing many cases of pending claims, disputes and claim expiration dates. Based on BPJS Health data, the total claims submitted from hospitals in 2020 were 433,077 patients, namely Rp. 27 T with details of 348,046 (61.71%) appropriate cases, 83,931 (37.80%) disputed cases and 1,097 (0.49%) inappropriate cases where Rp. 35 T for 536,482 cases. In 2021 total claims Rp. 90.20 T with completed verification of Rp. 50.1 T with the realization of new repayments reaching 67.36%, which is Rp. 28, t. There are cases of pending, disputed and expired claims occurred in the area of RSUD Dr. Soehadi Prijonegoro Kab. Sragen where based on Governor's Decree No. 445 became one of the COVID 19 referral hospitals. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the policy for reimbursement of claims for costs of COVID-19 patients at Dr Soehadi Prijonegoro Hospital, Sragen Regency during the 2020 2021 pandemic. This study used a qualitative method, carried out during March 2022 to May 2022 at Dr Soehadi Prijonegoro Hospital, Kab. . SRAGEN, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH KAB. Sragen, BPJS Kesehatan Surakarta Branch and the Ministry of Health. Data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, observation and document review. This study uses the Van Meter and Van Horn Policy Implementation model approach. The results of the research from April 2022 to May 2022 showed that the implementation of the policy was not optimal, there were still many obstacles such as no SOP, organizational structure, no training, internet stabilization and the lack of the role of the Health Office in resolving cases of dispute and pending claims. The conclusions in this study have theoretical implications that Van Meter and Van Horn theories can be used to explain the success of Policy Implementation through 6 variables, namely size and objectives, resources, organizational characteristics, inter-organizational communication, disposition and the social, economic and political environment that are mutually influence. Suggestions in this study are strengthening inter-organizational and intra-organizational coordination, making SOPs and organizational structures as well as optimizing the role of the health department in resolving claims for COVID 19 patients
T-6389
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Viorentina Yofiani; Pembimbing: Amal Chalik Sjaaf; Penguji: Puput Oktamianti, Anhari Achadi, Hadi Prabowo, Julo Nelma Timisela
Abstrak:
Peran yang dimiliki oleh Puskesmas sebagai ujung tombak pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat di wilayah kerjanya, kini menjadi lebih penting lagi karena harus ikut andil dalam penanggulangan Covid-19. Di mana, Puskesmas turut turut berkecimpung dalam prevensi, deteksi, serta respon, dengan tidak melupakan penyelenggaraan UKM dan UKP dalam rangka pemenuhan Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM). Penambahan tanggung jawab ini dapat berimbas pada kepuasan kerja perawat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepuasan kerja perawat Puskesmas di Kota Bekasi pada masa Pandemi Covid-19 tahun 2022. Penelitian menggunakan desain potong lintang, pengumpulan data melalui pengisian kuesioner daring pada 86 perawat Puskesmas Kota Bekasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 54,7% perawat Puskesmas di Kota Bekasi memiliki kepuasan kerja yang rendah pada masa Pandemi Covid-19. Uji bivariat menggunakan Chi-square menunjukkan bahwa pengakuan, prestasi, kemungkinan pengembangan diri, tanggung jawab, dan pekerjaan itu sendiri berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kepuasan kerja perawat Puskesmas. Namun pada uji regresi logistik ganda, hanya variabel tanggung jawab yang menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan. Persepsi tanggung jawab merupakan faktor yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan kepuasan kerja perawat Puskesmas di Kota Bekasi pada masa Pandemi Covid-19 tahun 2022.
The role that Primary Health Center (PHC) has as the spearhead of public health services in its working area has now become even more critical because it has to take part in the prevention of Covid-19. Where, PHC is also involved in prevention, detection, and response, by not forgetting the implementation of Community Health Efforts and Individual Health Efforts in the context of fulfilling Minimum Service Standards (MSS). This additional responsibility can have an impact on nurse job satisfaction. This study aims to determine the factors related to the job satisfaction of PHC?s nurses in the City of Bekasi during the Covid-19 Pandemic in 2022. The study used a cross-sectional design, collecting data by filling out online questionnaires on 86 PHC?s nurses in Bekasi City. The results showed that 54.7% of PHC?s nurses in Bekasi City had low job satisfaction during the Covid-19 pandemic. The bivariate test using Chi-square showed that recognition, achievement, the possibility of self-development, responsibility, and the work itself were significantly related to the job satisfaction of PHC?s nurses. However, in the multiple logistic regression test, only the responsibility variable showed a significant relationship. Perception of responsibility is the most dominant factor related to job satisfaction of PHC?s nurses in Bekasi City during the Covid-19 Pandemic in 2022.
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The role that Primary Health Center (PHC) has as the spearhead of public health services in its working area has now become even more critical because it has to take part in the prevention of Covid-19. Where, PHC is also involved in prevention, detection, and response, by not forgetting the implementation of Community Health Efforts and Individual Health Efforts in the context of fulfilling Minimum Service Standards (MSS). This additional responsibility can have an impact on nurse job satisfaction. This study aims to determine the factors related to the job satisfaction of PHC?s nurses in the City of Bekasi during the Covid-19 Pandemic in 2022. The study used a cross-sectional design, collecting data by filling out online questionnaires on 86 PHC?s nurses in Bekasi City. The results showed that 54.7% of PHC?s nurses in Bekasi City had low job satisfaction during the Covid-19 pandemic. The bivariate test using Chi-square showed that recognition, achievement, the possibility of self-development, responsibility, and the work itself were significantly related to the job satisfaction of PHC?s nurses. However, in the multiple logistic regression test, only the responsibility variable showed a significant relationship. Perception of responsibility is the most dominant factor related to job satisfaction of PHC?s nurses in Bekasi City during the Covid-19 Pandemic in 2022.
T-6473
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Herma Krisdiana; Pembimbing: Dumilah Ayuningtyas; Penguji: Jaslis Iljas, Eny Juliati
Abstrak:
Beban kerja merupakan salah satu faktor risiko yang menyebabkan terjadinya kelelahan. Situasi pandemi saat ini memberikan dampak nyata khususnya pada sektor kesehatan. WHO menetapkan COVID-19 sebagai pandemi pada tahun 2020. Dampak pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan tenaga kesehatan sebagai sumberdaya penyedia layanan kesehatan dihadapkan pada situasi berbeda, salah satunya terjadi peningkatan pada tuntutan pekerjaan. Tingginya tuntutan pekerjaan yang diterima tenaga kesehatan akan menjadi penyebab beban kerja menjadi tinggi sehingga lebih berisiko mengalami kelelahan kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara beban kerja dengan kelelahan kerja di Puskesmas Kecamatan Sukmajaya selama masa pandemi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah sampel jenuh dengan keseluruhan responden merupakan tenaga kesehatan Puskesmas Kecamatan Sukmajaya. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara beban kerja dengan kelelahan kerja. Tenaga kesehatan dengan beban kerja tinggi memiliki kecenderungan sebanyak 9,9 kali mengalami kelelahan kerja tinggi. Setiap pekerjaan memiliki tuntutan yang mengharuskan pekerjanya menyelesaikan tuntutan tersebut sesuai dengan standar yang telah ditentukan. Namun adanya tuntutan pekerjaan yang berlebihan dan terus menerus mempengaruhi kelelahan kerja, dampak negatif yang akan timbul saat pekerja mengalami kelelahan kerja adalah tidak tercapainya suatu standar atau target yang telah ditetapkan.
Workload is one of the risk factors that cause fatigue. The current pandemic situation has a real impact, especially on the health sector. WHO has declared COVID-19 as a pandemic in 2020. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused medical workforce as a resource for health care providers to be faced with different situations, one of which is an increase in the impact on work. The high work received by the workforce will cause the workload to be higher, resulting in work fatigue. This study aims to determine the relationship between workload and work fatigue at the Sukmajaya District Health Center during the pandemic. This study used a cross sectional design. The sample used in this study was a saturated sample with all respondents being medical workfoce at the Sukmajaya District Health Center. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there was a relationship between workload and work fatigue. Medical workforce with a high workload have a tendency of 9.9 times to experience high work fatigue. Every job that requires work that demands completion is in accordance with predetermined standards. However, the existence of excessive work and continuous prolonged work, the negative impact that will arise when workers experience work fatigue is not achieving a predetermined standard or target
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Workload is one of the risk factors that cause fatigue. The current pandemic situation has a real impact, especially on the health sector. WHO has declared COVID-19 as a pandemic in 2020. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused medical workforce as a resource for health care providers to be faced with different situations, one of which is an increase in the impact on work. The high work received by the workforce will cause the workload to be higher, resulting in work fatigue. This study aims to determine the relationship between workload and work fatigue at the Sukmajaya District Health Center during the pandemic. This study used a cross sectional design. The sample used in this study was a saturated sample with all respondents being medical workfoce at the Sukmajaya District Health Center. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there was a relationship between workload and work fatigue. Medical workforce with a high workload have a tendency of 9.9 times to experience high work fatigue. Every job that requires work that demands completion is in accordance with predetermined standards. However, the existence of excessive work and continuous prolonged work, the negative impact that will arise when workers experience work fatigue is not achieving a predetermined standard or target
S-11132
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Monika Niken Pratiwi; Pembimbing: Anhari Achadi; Penguji: Amal Chalik Sjaaf, Ascobat Gani, Imam Suryaman, Tintin Gantini
Abstrak:
Sekolah memainkan peran penting dalam penularan COVID-19, oleh karena itu memahami proses penularan di sekolah dapat meningkatkan kemampuan untuk merencanakan intervensi yang efektif dalam menanggapi pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesiapan sekolah dasar negeri dalam upaya penerapan protokol kesehatan untuk Pembelajaran Tatap Muka (PTM) terbatas pada masa pandemic COVID-19 di Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis data kualitatif dengan desain non eksperimental dan comparative descriptive pada rentang waktu dari bulan April-Juni 2022. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara telaah dokumen, observasi, wawancara mendalam terhadap 13 informan dari sekolah maupun guru dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD) terhadap 8 informan dari siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa PTM terbatas yang dilakukan oleh Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Bogor pada 4 SDN dari 4 kecamatan tersebut sudah diterapkan dengan perencanaan matang, pelaksanaan yang cukup terarah, dan rutin melakukan evaluasi kegiatan PTM terbatas meskipun ada beberapa hambatan yang dialami sehingga belum dapat memenuhi semua persyaratan SKB 4 Menteri Tahun 2021 secara penuh. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menyarankan bahwa Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Bogor maupun sekolah agar melakukan peningkatan kualitas dan kuantitas dalam penyebaran informasi, pengawasan sekaligus penegakan disiplin, sosialisasi terkait dengan peningkatan daya tahan tubuh, serta melakukan evaluasi dalam mempersiapkan PTM dengan acuan regulasi terbaru yaitu SKB 4 Menteri tahun 2022.
Schools play an important role in Covid-19 transmission, therefore understanding the transmission pattern helps improve capability in planning effective intervention to address covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to define public schools preparedness in implementing the health protocol for limited Face-to-face meeting during Covid-19 pandemic in Bogor District. This study uses qualitative data types with non-experimental and comparative descriptive designs was conducted during April-June 2022. Data was derived from documents review, observation, and in-depth interview to 13 informants from schools including teachers, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with 8 students. This study shows that the implementation of Face-to-face meeting, organized by the education authorities in 4 schools from 4 villages has been well-planned, focused, and has routinely conducted evaluation, despite the hurdles in achieving SKB 4 2022 requirements. This study suggests Bogor District Education Authorities and schools to keep increasing both quality and quantity in distributing information, monitoring and enforcing discipline. Socializing the way to improve immunity, and doing evaluation in planning PTM according to new regulation, SKB from 4 Ministries 2022.
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Schools play an important role in Covid-19 transmission, therefore understanding the transmission pattern helps improve capability in planning effective intervention to address covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to define public schools preparedness in implementing the health protocol for limited Face-to-face meeting during Covid-19 pandemic in Bogor District. This study uses qualitative data types with non-experimental and comparative descriptive designs was conducted during April-June 2022. Data was derived from documents review, observation, and in-depth interview to 13 informants from schools including teachers, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with 8 students. This study shows that the implementation of Face-to-face meeting, organized by the education authorities in 4 schools from 4 villages has been well-planned, focused, and has routinely conducted evaluation, despite the hurdles in achieving SKB 4 2022 requirements. This study suggests Bogor District Education Authorities and schools to keep increasing both quality and quantity in distributing information, monitoring and enforcing discipline. Socializing the way to improve immunity, and doing evaluation in planning PTM according to new regulation, SKB from 4 Ministries 2022.
T-6475
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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