Ditemukan 30667 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query :: Simpan CSV
Keselamatan pasien merupakan kewajiban rumah sakit dan bagian integral dari akreditasi sejak 2008. Namun, berbagai permasalahan masih sering ditemukan, sehingga keberlanjutan perbaikan menjadi tantangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan merumuskan model konseptual strategi peningkatan keselamatan pasien. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan mixed method dengan desain convergent parallel. Data kuantitatif berasal dari Riset Fasilitas Kesehatan 2019 (523 rumah sakit) dan data akreditasi (917 rumah sakit), dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square, regresi logistik, dan analisis jalur. Data kualitatif dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen dari enam rumah sakit, dinas kesehatan provinsi, dan Perhimpunan Rumah Sakit Seluruh Indonesia (PERSI) wilayah di Sumatera Utara dan Bali, dengan total 95 informan. Analisis tematik menggunakan perangkat NVivo, dengan kerangka Malcolm Baldrige dan model implementasi Van Meter-Van Horn, meliputi ukuran dan tujuan kebijakan, sumber daya, kepemimpinan, perencanaan strategis, fokus tenaga kerja, fokus operasi, fokus pelanggan, pengukuran, analisis, dan manajemen pengetahuan, komunikasi antar organisasi, serta peran akreditasi. Hasil kuantitatif menunjukkan bahwa pelaporan insiden keselamatan pasien berhubungan signifikan dengan lokasi (Jawa-Bali), status akreditasi, jumlah tempat tidur (> 200), kelas rumah sakit (A dan B), evaluasi pelayanan, audit internal, serta keaktifan komite keselamatan pasien dan pengendalian infeksi. Hasil kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan keselamatan pasien sudah berjalan, namun bervariasi tergantung kepemilikan dan ketersediaan sumber daya. Semua dimensi yang diteliti berpotensi menjadi faktor pendukung maupun penghambat tergantung pengelolaannya. Kepemimpinan yang kuat, fasilitas yang memadai, serta budaya keselamatan yang ditanamkan secara konsisten memperkuat implementasi, sedangkan lemahnya komitmen dan keterbatasan dana menjadi kendala. Hambatan juga muncul dalam pelaporan insiden, baik dari sisi organisasi maupun individu. Penelitian ini menghasilkan model konseptual strategi peningkatan keselamatan pasien yang mencakup integrasi keselamatan pasien dalam perencanaan strategis, penguatan kepemimpinan, peningkatan kapasitas staf, alokasi anggaran memadai, monitoring dan evaluasi berkelanjutan, serta pelibatan pasien. Model ini diharapkan dapat mendorong peningkatan keselamatan pasien secara menyeluruh dan berkelanjutan di rumah sakit.
Patient safety is a mandatory obligation for hospitals and has been an integral part of hospital accreditation since 2008. However, various patient safety issues are still frequently found, making the sustainability of improvements a major challenge. This study aims to formulate a conceptual model of patient safety improvement strategies. A mixed-methods approach with a convergent parallel design was employed. Quantitative data were obtained from the 2019 Rifaskes (523 hospitals) and accreditation records (917 hospitals), and analyzed using chi-square tests, logistic regression, and path analysis. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews and document reviews from six hospitals, provincial health offices, and the Indonesian Hospital Association (PERSI) in North Sumatra and Bali Provinces, involving a total of 95 informants. Thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo software, guided by the Malcolm Baldrige framework and the Van Meter–Van Horn policy implementation model. Quantitative findings showed that the reporting of patient safety incidents was significantly associated with location (Java–Bali), accreditation status, bed capacity (>200 beds), hospital class (A and B), presence of service evaluations, internal audits, and the activity of patient safety and infection control committees. Qualitative results indicated that while policy implementation was underway, it varied depending on hospital ownership and available resources. All dimensions could act as either enablers or barriers depending on how they were managed. Strong leadership and adequate facilities enhanced implementation, while weak commitment and limited funding were key constraints. Incident reporting also faced challenges at both organizational and individual levels. This study produced a conceptual model for improving patient safety through the integration of safety into strategic planning, strengthened leadership, staff capacity building, sufficient budget allocation, continuous monitoring and evaluation, and enhanced patient engagement. The model is expected to support comprehensive and sustainable patient safety improvements in hospitals
Batam City is the largest contributor to Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) cases in the Riau Islands. One of the biggest challenges in the transmission of dengue fever in Batam City is the existence of shophouses and slum areas that are not intended for use (squatters). The aim of this research was to develop a model for controlling dengue fever in shophouses and squatter environments in Batam City. This research was quantitative analytical research with an ecological study approach. The research period started from August 2022 - May 2023. The population and samples for spatial analysis were 44 sub-districts and for statistical tests were 767 dengue fever with 88 samples. The results of the analysis showed that variables which were risk factors include vector density (shophouses: OR=6,2, squatters: OR=11,2), population mobility (shophouses: OR=6,2, squatters: OR=6,5), temperature (shophouses: OR=6,0, squatters: OR=7,3), rainfall (shophouses: OR=6,5, squatters: OR=8,4), humidity (shophouses: OR=7,1, squatters: OR=5,7), and house construction (shophouses: OR=5,0). The output of this research was the GWR model which showed that the variables Squatters Proportion, Temperature, Vector Density and Population Density had a significant effect on the number of dengue fever cases in Batam City (R2=77.13%). The model for controlling dengue fever that can be implemented are dengue management based on niche, including regional regulations requiring arranging used goods around squatters and empowering school children in eradicating larvae.
Tuberculosis is a major public health problem in the world, including in Indonesia. Finding and curing the patients are the best way of preventing transmission of TB by implementing the DOTS strategy. Implementation of the national TB control strategy prioritized in remote, border and island especially TB patients who do not meet the target case detection and treatment success. There are two of provinces with the highest and second highest TB namely west Java province (0.7%) and Papua (0.6%). Accessibility to health services of TB patients showed inequality, which only exist in urban areas and at high economic status. The problem in this research is find the of TB patients who do not get accessibility to health services. Limited accessibility to health services of TB patients could be caused by conditions different individuals as well as differences in physical conditions (geographic). The purpose of this study is to setup a spatial model of accessibility to health services in the province of West Java and Papua.
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Meskipun Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan 2030 untuk angka kematian balita telah tercapai, angka kematian neonatal di Indonesia tetap tinggi, dengan lebih 70.000 kematian neonatal di tahun 2018, yang menempatkan Indonesia di peringkat ke-8 secara global. Hal ini merupakan tantangan besar untuk mencapai visi "Indonesia Emas 2045". Meskipun berbagai intervensi termasuk sari sisi finansial dalam akses pelayanan kesehatan telah meningkatkan pemanfaatan layanan, tdaik sertamerta ditunjukkan dalam bentuk peningkatan status kesehatan neonatal, menunjukkan adanya masalah sistemik dan kualitas pelayanan. Studi ini menelaan faktor determinan yang kompleks terhadap status kesehatan neonatal di Indonesia, termasuk dari sisi penerapan desentralisasi kesehatan, disparitas sosial ekonomi, dan variasi geografis. Dengan mengeksplorasi faktor-faktor ini, studi ini menekankan kebutuhan mendesak peningkatan pelayanan maternal dan neonatal dalam memperbaiki ketimpangan maupun meningkatkan status kesehatan secara keseluruhan.
Metode: Menggunakan data survei nasional tahun 2018 dari 34 provinsi, 513 kabupaten/kota, dan 300.000 rumah tangga, dengan fokus pada 73.086 perempuan berusia 10-54 tahun yang melahirkan dalam lima tahun terakhir, kami mengeksplorasi bagaimana faktor individu, rumah tangga, kabupaten, dan provinsi memengaruhi hasil kesehatan neonatal. Studi ini mengintegrasikan regresi multilevel, indeks konsentrasi, dan regresi spasial untuk menilai dampak determinan sosial dan ketidaksetaraan sistemik menggunakan STATA 14.0 dan ArcGIS Pro3. Analisis kebijakan sederhana yang selaras dengan tujuh pilar sistem kesehatan nasional juga dilakukan untuk menjelaskan lebih lanjut disparitas dalam hasil kesehatan.
Hasil: Studi ini mengungkapkan, meskipun sebagian besar dapat dicegah, angka kematian neonatal tetap tinggi dengan disparitas yang signifikan. Melalui analisis regresi multilevel dan spasial, dibuktikan bahwa disparitas kesehatan neonatal dipengaruhi oleh status sosial ekonomi, lokasi geografis, dan akses terhadap layanan kesehatan. Pada model akhir, yang menggabungkan faktor tingkat individu dan komunitas, varians yang tidak terjelaskan berkurang sebesar 30% (PCV), dimana faktor komunitas masih menjelaskan 14% variabilitas (ICC = 0,1389). Variabilitas risiko tingkat komunitas menurun yang terlihat dari perubahan Median Odds Ratio (MOR) dari 2,28 menjadi 2,00. Hasil ini menekankan pentingnya faktor individu dan komunitas dalam upaya mengurangi risiko lanjut dari bayi lahir yang berisiko.
Studi ini menekankan pengaruh kesiapan sisi suplai dan kualitas pelayanan termasuk efektivitas antenatal dan kelahiran di fasilitas kesehatan dalam meningkatkan hasil kesehatan neonatal, meskipun banyak kelahiran masih terjadi di luar fasilitas kesehatan. Neonatus lebih berisiko secara signifikan terkonsentrasi di distrik dengan kapasitas fiskal lebih rendah, sementara pemeriksaan antenatal lebih tinggi di kabupaten yang lebih kaya, menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan alokasi sumber daya. Temuan ini menunjukkan pentingnya kebijakan kesehatan yang spesifik, memperhatikan kondisi local dalam menurunkan kesenjangan dan meningkatkan status kesehatan.
ABSTRACT
Background. Despite achieving the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals for reducing under-5 mortality, Indonesia's Neonatal Mortality Rate remains alarmingly high, with over 70,000 neonatal deaths in 2018, ranking it 8th globally. This situation poses a stark challenge to Indonesia's "Great Indonesia 2045" vision. Notably, while interventions to eliminate financial barriers to healthcare have increased service utilization, improvements in neonatal health outcomes have not followed, highlighting systemic and quality issues within the health sector. This study addresses the complex determinants of neonatal outcomes in Indonesia, including the effects of a decentralized health system, socioeconomic disparities, and geographic variations. By exploring these factors, it underscores the urgent need to enhance maternal and neonatal services to rectify inequities and improve overall health outcomes.
Methods: We analyzed 2018 national survey data from 34 provinces, 513 districts, and 300,000 households, focusing on 73,086 women aged 10-54 who had given birth in the preceding five years. We explored how individual, household, district, and provincial factors influence neonatal health outcomes by employing multilevel regression, concentration indices, and spatial regression to assess the impact of social determinants and systemic inequalities using tools like STATA 14.0 and ArcGIS Pro 3. A simplified policy analysis, aligned with the national health system's seven pillars, including community initiatives, was also conducted to further highlight disparities in health outcomes.
Results: Key findings reveal a neonatal mortality rate that, despite being preventable in many cases, remains high with significant disparities. Utilizing spatial and multilevel regression analyses, the research highlighted that neonatal health disparities are influenced by socioeconomic status, geographic location, and access to health services. The final model, incorporating both individual and community-level factors, reduced unexplained variance by 30% (PCV), with community factors still explaining 14% of the variability (ICC = 0.1600). The community-level risk variability also decreased, as shown by a reduction in the Median Odds Ratio (MOR) from 2.28 to 2.00. These results highlight the importance of targeting both individual and community factors to reduce the risk of babies being born at risk.
Additionally, the study underscores the influences of supply-side readiness and quality of service delivery including effectiveness of antenatal care and institutional delivery in improving neonatal health outcomes, although many births still occur outside of health facilities. High-risk neonates were found to be concentrated significantly in districts with lower fiscal capacity, while antenatal care checkups were predominantly higher in wealthier districts, pointing to a resource allocation gap. These findings point to the critical need for targeted health policies, local-specific interventions to bridge the equity gap and improve neonatal health outcomes.
