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Kata kunci :Stunting, PMBA, minimum dietary diversity, minimum meal frequency, minimumacceptable diet.
Di era globalisasi ini banyak terjadi masalah gizi ganda. Masalah ini terutama banyak terjadi di negara berkembang dan negara miskin. Masalah gizi ganda adalah munculnya masalah gizi lebih dengan gizi kurang juga masih menjadi masalah di negara tersebut. Masalah gizi lebih ini terjadi karena makanan murah yang dikonsumsi banyak mengandung tinggi gula, tinggi lemak, tinggi garam dan tinggi kalori yang dapat menyebabkan kegemukan terutama pada anak-anak. Kegemukan pada anak-anak akan menyebabkan menyebabkan timbulnya risiko penyakit degeneratif seperti penyakit kardiovaskuler, diabetes mellitus, dan lain-lain kelak jika mereka dewasa nanti. Masa anak-anak merupakan masa yang penting untuk proses tumbuh kembangnya, untuk itu sangat diperlukan konsumsi makanan yang mengandung zatzat gizi yang diperlukan oleh tubuh anak-anak sesuai dengan kebutuhannya. Jika berlebihan akan menimbulkan dampak yang buruk bagi anak-anak. Konsumsi makanan pada anak-anak ditentukan dari apa yang mereka konsumsi sejak dini. Makanan yang pertama kali dikonsumsi oleh anak-anak adalah air susu ibu (ASI). ASI diketahui banyak mengandung gizi penting yang dibutuhkan oleh bayi, untuk itu pemerintah dan World Health Organization (WHO) merekomendasikan untuk memberikan ASI eksklusif selama enam bulan kehidupan pertama bayi. ASI juga diketahui memiliki efek protektif terhadap kegemukan pada anak. Berdasarkan uraian di atas, penulis tertarik untuk mengkaji mengenai hubungan antara konsumsi ASI eksklusif dan faktor lainnya dengan kejadian kegemukan pada anak usia 6-23 bulan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2010. Desain penelitian Riskesdas 2010 adalah cross sectional (potong lintang). Analisis data yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Variabel dependen yang akan diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah status kegemukan pada anak usia 6-23 bulan berdasarkan IMT/U. Dalam penelitian ini didapatkan hasil proporsi kegemukan pada anak usia 623 bulan adalah 22,6% dan proporsi ASI eksklusif sebesar 19,9%. Dari hasil uji chisquare diketahui tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara ASI eksklusif dengan kegemukan, sedangkan hubungan yang bermakna ditemukan pada variabel berat lahir, pekerjaan ibu dan pengeluaran keluarga. Faktor yang paling berhubungan dari semua variabel independen yang diteliti adalah berat lahir. Kata kunci : Usia 6-23 bulan, Kegemukan, ASI eksklusif, Indonesia
Globalization era has make a double burden on nutrition problem. This problems happened in the develeloped and poor country. Double burden on nutrition is a problem with overnutrition has come while the undernutrition still become a problem. Overnutrition arise because a children consume cheap food that contain of high sugar, high fat, high salt and high calory that can cause a degenerative diseases such as cardiovaskuler, diabetes mellitus when they grow up later. Children period plays an important role for their development and growth, and for that they need the food that contain of nutrition that they need. If it more than they need, it will become a bad impact for the child. For babies, the first food that they consume is breastmilk. Breastmilk has been known as an important nutrition for the baby so that the World Health Organization has recommend to give breastmilk only for the first six months of their early life. Breastmilk has a protective effect for overweight on child. Based on that reason, the writer interested to analyze the association between breastfeeding and other factors with overweight on children ages 6-23 months in Indonesia 2010. This research is a quantitative research using a secondary data from health research 2010 (Riskesdas 2010). Riskesdas 2010 design is a cross sectional. Data analysis are univariat, bivariat and multivariat. The dependent variable is an overweight status based on Basal Metabolism Index per Age (BMI/Age). This research has found that overweight proportion is 22,6% while the breastfeeding proportion is 19,9%. Chi-Square test has found that there is no relationship between breastfeeding with overweight while the significant relationship has been found on birth weight, mother occupation and family expenses. Keywords : Children ages 6-23 months, Overweight, Exclusive Breastfeeding, Indonesia
Inadequate feeding practices are one of the main causes of malnutrition. Wasting and stunting usually
increase between the ages of 6 to 23 months. The Minimum Acceptable Diet (MAD) is one of eight core indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices that is composite indicators composed of the Minimum Meal Frequency (MMF) and Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD). The purpose of this study is to obtain in-depth information and obtain facts related to inhibiting and supporting factors infant and young child feeding practices at 6-23 month in Central Jakarta. This study uses a qualitative method with the Rapid Assessment Procedure (RAP) with the Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and in-depth interviews with mothers in children achieve by MAD as 23 informants and not achieve by MAD as 31 informants, Posyandu cadres as 3 informants, and Nutritionists as 3 informants. Inhibiting factors in infant and young child feeding practices is limited cooking facilities, provision of distinctive food more often than the main food, preparation of early complementary feeding in the family, IYCF training for cadres has not comprehensive. Supporting factors in infant and young child feeding practices is good knowledge and attitude of mothers, access to health services that are easily achieved, active mothers in Posyandu activities, and good family purchasing power increase the success of the infant and young child feeding practices aged 6-23 month. There is a need for monitoring and evaluation in the implementation of counseling / counseling activities for infant and child feeding in the field, making healthy toddler shops containing healthy snacks that are safe and nutritious both for toddlers who are directly fostered by the health department, conducting refreshing activities for facilitators cities, Puskesmas, and Posyandu cadres, and invite other family members to conduct counseling of the infant and young child feeding practices.
Kata kunci:Anak usia 6-23 bulan; minimum dietary diversity; MP-ASI; SDKI 2017.
Kata kunci:Praktik PMBA, minimum acceptable diet, anak usia 6-23 bulan.
Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is proven to be the best food a mother can give to her child during the first 6 months. The low prevalence of EBF in Indonesia needs to be a concern given the many health risk of not breastfeeding exclusively, such as delayed growth, threatened health, and infant mortality. Various factors were found to be determinants in the practice of exclusive breastfeeding. This study was conducted to identify the dominant factor associated with 6-month EBF among children aged 6-23 months in Indonesia. The design used in this study is cross-sectional using IFLS-5 2014-2015 as a secondary data with a sample of 1550 children aged 6-23 months. Data were analyzed using chi square test dan multiple logistic regression test. The result found the prevalence of 5-month EBF was 24,9%. Bivariate analysis found several factors that were significantly related to EBF, which are maternal age, maternal education, birth weight, place of delivery, birth attendant, and ANC visits. The factors of employment status, marital status, parity, knowledge related to EBF, gender, area of residence, and PNC visits were not found to be significantly related to EBF practice in this study. The result of multivariate analysis showed maternal age as the dominant factor of EBF practice in mothers with children aged 6-23 months in Indonesia with an OR of 2,13. This study shows that optimizing breastfeeding practices at reproductive age can increase the success of 6-month EBF up to 2,1 times. Keywords: Exclusive Breastfeeding, Children Aged 6-23 Months, Maternal Age, IFLS
