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Lili Damayanti; Pembimbing: Dumilah Ayuningtyas; Penguji: Vetty Yulianty Permanasari, Purnawan Junadi, Murti Komala Dewi, Teti Hastati
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Dalam rangka kemudahan berusaha dan percepatan proses perizinan, pemerintah telah melakukan simplifikasi regulasi terkait perizinan berusaha termasuk dalam bidang distribusi obat dengan menerbitkan PP No. 5 Tahun 2021 dan PerBPOM No. 10 Tahun 2021. Berdasarkan regulasi tersebut, terdapat perubahan persyaratan dalam proses sertifikasi CDOB diantaranya pemangkasan timeline proses sertifikasi CDOB baik dari pihak BPOM maupun pelaku usaha, serta simplifikasi jenis sertifikat CDOB. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui implementasi kebijakan sertifikasi CDOB sebagai standar perizinan berusaha di Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen. Penelitian menggunakan teori analisis kebijakan Van Meter dan Van Horn dengan variabel ukuran dan tujuan kebijakan, sumber daya, karakteristik badan pelaksana, komunikasi, disposisi pelaksana, serta lingkungan ekonomi, sosial dan politik yang mempengaruhi implementasi kebijakan. Hasil penelitian adalah ukuran dan tujuan kebijakan serta disposisi pelaksana telah jelas dan dipahami namun masih terkendala pada aspek sumber daya (anggaran), komunikasi, dan karakteristik badan pelaksana dalam hal keterbatasan SDM dan fasilitas khususnya di instansi pemerintah, serta lingkungan ekonomi, sosial dan politik turut berpengaruh pada implementasi kebijakan sertifikasi CDOB sebagai standar perizinan berusaha. Kesimpulan: implementasi kebijakan sertifikasi CDOB sebagai standar perizinan berusaha belum berjalan secara optimal karena masih terdapat perubahan kebijakan yang belum diimplementasikan terkait simplifikasi jenis sertifikat CDOB.
In the context of facilitating doing business and accelerating the licensing process, the government has simplified regulations related to business licensing, including in the field of drug distribution by issuing Government Regulation Number 5 of 2021 and BPOM Regulation Number 10 of 2021. Based on these regulations, there are changes to the requirements in the GDP certification process included trimming the timeline for the GDP certification process both from the BPOM and business actors, as well as simplification of the types of GDP certificates. The research objective is to determine the implementation of the CDOB certification policy as a business licensing standard in Indonesia. The research uses a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and document review. This study uses the theory of policy analysis by Van Meter and Van Horn with the variables of policy size and objectives, resources, characteristics of implementing agencies, communication, disposition of implementers, as well as the economic, social and political environment that influences policy implementation. The results of the research are that the size and objectives of the policy as well as the disposition of the executors are clear and understood but are still constrained in the aspects of resources (budget), communication, and the characteristics of the implementing agency in terms of limited human resources and facilities, especially in government agencies, as well as the economic, social and political environment. influence on the implementation of the GDP certification policy as a business licensing standard. Conclusion: the implementation of the GDP certification policy as a business licensing standard has not run optimally because there are still policy changes that have not been implemented regarding the simplification of the GDP certificate type.
T-6650
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Nurul Safitri; Pembimbing: Dumilah Ayuningtyas; Penguji: Pujiyanto, Vetty Yulianty Permanasari, Ismiyati, Anisa
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Alat kesehatan di Indonesia masih dipenuhi oleh lebih dari 70% alat kesehatan impor. Selain itu, transaksi alat kesehatan dalam negeri dalam e-katalog pada tahun 2019-2020 yang masih rendah (12%) menandakan masih besarnya ketergantungan terhadap alat kesehatan impor. Upaya Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia untuk mengatasi hal tersebut adalah dengan menerbitkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 20 Tahun 2017 yang mewajibkan penerapan Cara Pembuatan Alat Kesehatan yang Baik (CPAKB), paling lambat 4 tahun sejak peraturan tersebut diterbitkan. Hingga tahun 2022, jumlah sarana produksi alat kesehatan yang memiliki sertifikat CPAKB hanya 30,52%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan Cara Pembuatan Alat Kesehatan yang Baik tahun 2022. Penelitian dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalam terhadap informan dari pemerintah, asosiasi, dan industri alat kesehatan di Indonesia, serta telaah dokumen. Penelitian menggunakan model implementasi kebijakan Grindle dan Van Meter Van Horn yang dimodifikasi dalam kerangka segitiga kebijakan Walt-Gilson. Hasil penelitian adalah ukuran dan tujuan kebijakan, kepentingan yang dipengaruhi, dan manfaat kebijakan sudah jelas, namun terkendala dari sumber daya keuangan yang masih terbatas. Lingkungan ekonomi, sosial, dan politik berpengaruh terhadap pelaksanaan kebijakan. Karakterisitik lembaga pelaksana mendukung implementasi kebijakan, namun strategi para pelaksana masih belum dilaksanakan secara optimal. Disposisi pelaksana masih kurang dan komunikasi kebijakan perlu ditingkatkan. Dari sisi aktor/pelaksana kebijakan, masih terdapat keterbatasan jumlah sumber daya manusia untuk menerapkan kebijakan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah secara umum kebijakan sudah terlaksana dengan baik, namun masih terdapat beberapa kendala pada pelaksanaannya. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya penguatan kebijakan-kebijakan yang mendorong penerapan CPAKB dan dukungan dari para pelaksana kebijakan, terutama terkait penguatan kebijakan izin edar alat kesehatan dalam negeri dimana CPAKB dijadikan persyaratan wajib dalam pengajuan izin edar.
Medical devices in Indonesia are still fulfilled by more than 70% of imported medical devices. In addition, domestic medical device transactions in e-catalogs in 2019-2020 were still low (12%) indicating that there was still a large dependence on imported medical devices. The effort of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia to overcome this is by issuing Minister of Health Regulation Number 20 of 2017 which requires the application of Good Medical Device Manufacturing Practices (CPAKB), no later than 4 years after the regulation was issued. Until 2022, the number of medical device production facilities that have CPAKB certificates is only 30.52%. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of the Good Medical Device Manufacturing Practice policy in 2022. The research was conducted qualitatively using in-depth interviews with informants from the government, associations, and the medical device industry in Indonesia, as well as document reviews. This research uses the policy implementation model of Grindle and Van Meter Van Horn which is modified within the framework of the Walt-Gilson policy triangle. The results of the research are that the standard and objectives of the policy, the interests affected, and the benefits of the policy are clear, but are constrained by limited financial resources. The economic, social, and political environment influences policy implementation. The characteristics of implementing agencies support policy implementation, but the strategies of implementing agencies have not been implemented optimally. The disposition of implementers is still lacking and policy communication needs to be improved. In terms of actors/policy implementers, there is still a limited number of human resources to implement policies. This study concludes that in general the policy has been implemented well, but there are still obstacles in its implementation. This study recommends the need to strengthen policies that encourage the implementation of CPAKB and support from policy implementers, especially related to strengthening the policy for registration of distribution permits for domestic medical devices where CPAKB must be a mandatory requirement in the application.
T-6649
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Sulastri; Pembimbing: Wachyu Sulistiadi; Penguji: Helen Andriani, Vetty Yulianty Permanasari, Pamian Siregar, Ayu Amalia Rachman
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Pengembangan bahan baku obat dalam negeri mutlak diperlukan untuk mencapai kemandirian sektor farmasi Indonesia. Pemerintah telah mengeluarkan Inpres Nomor 6 Tahun 2016 guna mewujudkan hal tersebut dengan mendorong kerja sama lintas sektor. Namun demikian, hingga saat ini impor bahan baku obat masih sangat tinggi. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi Inpres tersebut, khususnya pelaksanaan tugas masing-masing Kementerian/Lembaga terkait. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan memanfaatkan data hasil wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Inpres Nomor 6 Tahun 2016 dikatakan belum berhasil (unsuccessful implementation), masih terdapat kesenjangan antara tujuan dan capaian kebijakan. Dimensi kebijakan, pengoperasian, serta perencanaan implementasi dan sumber daya belum cukup baik dalam mendukung implementasi Inpres, meskipun dimensi lain, yaitu kepemimpinan, pemangku kepentingan, dan umpan balik sudah cukup baik. Selain itu, masih terdapat sejumlah dukungan kebijakan yang diperlukan industri farmasi dalam rangka pengembangan bahan baku obat. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan upaya-upaya perbaikan pada dimensi-dimensi yang belum cukup baik dalam mendorong keberhasilan implementasi Inpres, peninjauan terhadap kebijakan-kebijakan yang telah dikeluarkan Kementerian/Lembaga terkait dan/atau penyusunan kebijakan baru yang diperlukan.
The development of local drug raw materials is urgently needed to achieve the independence of Indonesia's pharmaceutical sector. The government has issued Presidential Instruction No. 6/2016 to realize this by encouraging cross-sector collaborations. However, the import of drug raw materials is still very high. For this reason, this study aims to analyze the implementation of the Presidential Instruction, particularly the execution of each Ministry/Agency's responsibilities. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach by utilizing data from in-depth interviews and document review. The research showed that the implementation of Presidential Instruction No. 6/2016 was unsuccessful; there is still a gap between policy objectives and achievements. The dimensions of policy, operations, and implementation planning and resources are not good enough to support the implementation of the Presidential Instruction, although the other dimensions such as leadership, stakeholders, and feedback are quite good. Other than that, there are several policy supports that the pharmaceutical industry still needed in order to develop drug raw materials. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the dimensions that are not good enough to encourage the successful implementation of the Presidential Instruction, review the policies that have been issued by related Ministries/Institutions and/or develop the new policies as needed.
T-6869
Depok : FKM-UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Anggi Asri Rusliana Dewi; Pembimbing: Dumilah Ayuningtyas; Penguji: Puput Oktamianti, Atet Kurniadi, Roni Razali
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Hipertensi merupakan faktor risiko kardiovaskular utama yang menyebabkan kecacatan di seluruh dunia dan di antaranya tidak menyadari kondisi kesehatannya sehingga sering disebut sebagai the silent killer. Angka prevalensi hipertensi di Indonesia cukup tinggi. Berdasarkan Riskesdas (2018), Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan menunjukkan prevalensi tertinggi hipertensi, namun presentase penderita hipertensi yang mendapat pelayanan kesehatan masih rendah. Kota Banjarbaru memiliki persentase terendah yakni 11,3% dari target 100%. Pelayanan kesehatan penderita hipertensi termasuk dalam Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM) Bidang Kesehatan yang diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan dan kebijakan pemerintah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan SPM bidang kesehatan penderita hipertensi di Kota Banjarbaru. Penelitian kualitatif dengan desain penelitian Rapid Assessment Procedure (RAP) dilakukan pada bulan Mei hingga Juni 2023 di Kota Banjarbaru Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan SPM hipertensi belum optimal dapat dilihat dari laporan capaian SPM bidang kesehatan Kota Banjarbaru berada di posisi terendah di antara 12 jenis pelayanan kesehatan dasar. Kesimpulannya, beberapa kendala dalam implementasi SPM hipertensi yakni pencatatan dan pelaporan penderita hipertensi, rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat untuk melakukan pemeriksaan dan berobat di puskesmas sehingga datanya tidak tercatat, tidak ada alokasi anggaran khusus SPM hipertensi di puskesmas, dan tugas rangkap dari petugas kesehatan sehingga tidak maksimal dalam mencapai suatu program. Diperlukan upaya kerjasama lintas sektor untuk keterpaduan pencatatan dan pelaporan data pasien hipertensi, pengajuan anggaran SPM hipertensi, upaya mengajak masyarakat, dan membagi tugas secara adil bagi petugas puskesmas.
Hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factor that causes disability worldwide and many of them are not aware of their health condition, so it is often referred to as the silent killer. The prevalence rate of hypertension in Indonesia is quite high. Based on Riskesdas (2018), South Kalimantan Province shows the highest prevalence of hypertension, but the percentage of hypertensive patients who receive health services is still low. Banjarbaru City has the lowest percentage, namely 11.3% of the 100% target. Health services for people with hypertension are included in the Minimum Service Standards (SPM) in the Health Sector which are regulated in laws and regulations and government policies. The purpose of this study was to analyze the implementation of the SPM policy in the health sector for hypertension sufferers in Banjarbaru City. Qualitative research with the Rapid Assessment Procedure (RAP) research design was conducted from May to June 2023 in Banjarbaru City, South Kalimantan Province. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews, observation and document review. The results of the study showed that the implementation of the SPM policy for hypertension was not optimal, as can be seen from the achievement report on SPM in the health sector in Banjarbaru City which was in the lowest position among the 12 types of basic health services. In conclusion, several obstacles in the implementation of hypertension SPM are recording and reporting of hypertension sufferers, low public awareness to carry out examinations and treatment at the puskesmas so that the data is not recorded, there is no special budget allocation for hypertension SPM at the puskesmas, and multiple assignments from health workers so that they are not optimal in reach a program. Cross-sector collaboration efforts are needed to integrate the recording and reporting of hypertension patient data, hypertension SPM budget submission, efforts to invite the community, and distribute tasks fairly for health center staff.
T-6687
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Maya Masita; Pembimbing: Helen Andriani; Penguji: Adang Bachtiar, Ascobat Gani, Sito Hatmoko, Pitut Aprilia Savitri
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Tuberkulosis masih menjadi ancaman bagi kesehatan masyarakat. Pelaksanaan program terus dilakukan demi tercapainya Eliminasi Tuberkulosis tahun 2030. Namun demikian indikator program masih belum mencapai target, salah satunya angka tuberkulosis resistensi obat. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 67 Tahun 2016 dan Peraturan Presiden Nomor 67 Tahun 2021 tentang Penanggulangan Tuberkulosis menyebutkan bahwa Strategi Nasional Penanggulangan Tuberkulosis salah satunya dengan pelibatan masyarakat dan komunitas. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan penanggulangan Tuberkulosis di Kabupaten Banyumas dalam pengendalian Tuberkulosis Resisten Obat melalui peran kader dan organisasi kemasyarakatan pegiat tuberkulosis yang ditinjau menggunakan teori implementasi kebijakan Van Meter dan Van Horn (1975). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik kualitatif. Informan ditentukan dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Informan penelitian antara lain kader puskesmas, kader tuberkulosis resisten obat (patient support), penanggung jawab program tuberkulosis puskesmas, koordinator bidang P2PM Dinas Kesehatan dan komunitas Yayasan Mentari Sehat Indonesia (MSI). Data yang dikumpulkan berupa data primer dan data sekunder berupa hasil wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen. Diperoleh hasil penelitian bahwa pada standar dan ukuran kebijakan telah dipahami oleh pelaksana. Pemahaman ini didukung komunikasi yang jelas dan berkelanjutan antara Dinas Kesehatan, puskesmas dan komunitas MSI. Disposisi ditunjukan dengan sikap positif berupa komitmen bersama dan Rencana Aksi Daerah. Kader dan komunitas berkontribusi dalam penemuan kasus, pendampingan pengobatan, edukasi dalam upaya pencegahan, dan dukungan sosial ekonomi serta mengurangi stigma. Implementasi kebijakan program penanggulangan tuberkulosis telah berjalan, namun belum didukung anggaran yang memadai, terbatasnya jumlah kader, kurangnya komitmen antar organisasi perangkat daerah serta masih adanya stigma di masyarakat.
Tuberculosis remains a threat to public health. Program implementation continues in order to achieve Tuberculosis Elimination in 2030. However, the program indicators still have not reached the target, one of which is the rate of drug-resistant tuberculosis. Regulation of the Minister of Health No. 67/2016 and Presidential Regulation No. 67/2021 on Tuberculosis Control states that the National Strategy for Tuberculosis Control includes community involvement. The study aims to analyze the implementation of the Tuberculosis Control Policy in Banyumas Regency in controlling drug-resistant tuberculosis through the role of cadres and community organizations of tuberculosis activists using Van Meter and Van Horn's (1975) policy implementation theory. This research is a qualitative analytic research. Informants were determined using purposive sampling. The research informants included primary health care cadres, drug-resistant tuberculosis cadres (patient support), the person in charge of the primary health care tuberculosis program, the coordinator of the P2PM field of the Health Office and the Mentari Sehat Indonesia Foundation (MSI) community. The data collected were primary data and secondary data in the form of in-depth interviews and document review. The results showed that the policy standards and measures were understood by the implementers. This understanding is supported by clear and continuous communication between the Health Office, primary health care and the MSI community. Disposition is shown by positive attitudes in the form of joint commitments and Regional Action Plans. Cadres and communities contribute to case finding, treatment assistance, education in prevention efforts, and socioeconomic support and reduce stigma. Implementation of the TB control program policy has been running, but has not been supported by an adequate budget, limited number of cadres, lack of commitment among regional apparatus organizations, and the persistence of stigma in the community
T-6861
Depok : FKM-UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Teti Hastati; Pembimbing: Sutanto Priyo Hastono; Penguji: R. Sutiawan, Ebo Widarisman, Eka Pernamasari
Abstrak:
Pedagang Besar Farmasi (PBF) harus menerapkan Cara Distribusi Obat yangBaik (CDOB) dalam semua aktivitas pengelolaan obatnya sebagai upayajaminan kualitas obat di rantai distribusi. PBF yang telah menerapkan CDOBdiberikan Sertifikat CDOB oleh Badan POM melalui proses Sertifikasi CDOB. Sebagai bentuk pelayanan publik di lingkungan Badan POM, pelaksanaan Sertifikasi CDOB masih belum optimal dalam memberikan pelayanan kepadaPBF. Hal tersebut dikarenakan tidak ada sistem pengawasan timeline padapelaksanaan sertifikasi, petugas di Badan POM terbebani untuk membuatlaporan di setiap tahapan sertifikasi, kurangnya integritas data dan informasiyang dihasilkan, ketidakpastian status dan waktu penyelesaian proses sertifikasiCDOB yang dialami oleh PBF pemohon, serta kurangya informasi kepadamasyarakat mengenai sertifikasi CDOB. Oleh karena itu peneliti mengembangkan Sistem Informasi Sertifikasi CDOB dengan menerapkan konsep pengembangan indikator pengawasan timeline, sistem manajemen basisdata dan sistem informasi berbasis web. Dari hasil penelitian, sistem informasiyang dikembangkan dengan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan MySQL database inidapat menghasilkan tabel pengawasan timeline yang memberikan informasi status sertifikasi serta waktu yang tersisa untuk pelaksanaan setiap tahapansertifikasi sehingga dapat membantu perencanaan sertifikasi dan timelinepelayanan publik dapat terpantau. Selain itu, sistem informasi ini dapatmenyimpan data base hasil setiap tahapan sertifikasi serta otomatisasi penentuan bahwa PBF memenuhi syarat atau tidak memenuhi syarat untuk diberikan Sertifikat CDOB. Dengan sistem informasi berbasis web akan mempermudah komunikasi antara petugas di Badan POM dan PBF karena sistem dirancang secara online serta bentuk publikasi hasil sertifikasi ini dapat dimanfaatkan olehinstansi lain dan pelaku usaha kefarmasian sebagai sumber data pemilihan distributor. Kata kunci:Sertifikasi, CDOB, sistem informasi
Drug wholesaler must implement Good Distribution Practices (GDP) in all theirdrugs handling in an effort to guarantee drugs quality in their distribution chain.Those who already implement GDP will be awarded certificate by BPOM,through GDP certification process. As a public service in BPOM, thiscertification procedure is still not optimal in providing service to the drugwholesaler. That is because there is no timeline monitoring on the certificationimplementation, the officer in BPOM burdened to create reports in every step ofthe certification, there are lack of data and information integrity in the outcome,the uncertainty for the status and time GDP certification process will be donefor the applicant, also lack of information for public about GDP certificationresults. Therefore, researcher developed the GDP certified information systemby implement timeline monitoring indicators development concept , databasemanagement system and web-based information system. From the research, theinformation system developed with the PHP programming language and Mysqldatabase will create timeline monitoring tables that will give certification statusinformation, also time remaining for each stage of the certification so it can helpcertification plan, and public service timeline can be monitored. In addition thesystem can store every phase of the certification as well as automationdetermination whether a drug wholesaler eligible or not to be GDP certified.With a web-based information system, will ease communication betweenofficers in BPOM and drug wholesaler due to its online naturality, and thepublication of the results can be utilized by other agencies and pharmaciesindustry as a source for distributors selection to deal with.Key Words:Certification, GDP, information system
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Drug wholesaler must implement Good Distribution Practices (GDP) in all theirdrugs handling in an effort to guarantee drugs quality in their distribution chain.Those who already implement GDP will be awarded certificate by BPOM,through GDP certification process. As a public service in BPOM, thiscertification procedure is still not optimal in providing service to the drugwholesaler. That is because there is no timeline monitoring on the certificationimplementation, the officer in BPOM burdened to create reports in every step ofthe certification, there are lack of data and information integrity in the outcome,the uncertainty for the status and time GDP certification process will be donefor the applicant, also lack of information for public about GDP certificationresults. Therefore, researcher developed the GDP certified information systemby implement timeline monitoring indicators development concept , databasemanagement system and web-based information system. From the research, theinformation system developed with the PHP programming language and Mysqldatabase will create timeline monitoring tables that will give certification statusinformation, also time remaining for each stage of the certification so it can helpcertification plan, and public service timeline can be monitored. In addition thesystem can store every phase of the certification as well as automationdetermination whether a drug wholesaler eligible or not to be GDP certified.With a web-based information system, will ease communication betweenofficers in BPOM and drug wholesaler due to its online naturality, and thepublication of the results can be utilized by other agencies and pharmaciesindustry as a source for distributors selection to deal with.Key Words:Certification, GDP, information system
T-4123
Depok : FKM-UI, 2014
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Novrita Indra Tiara Kusuma; Pembimbing: Puput Oktamianti; Penguji: Adang Bachtiar, Ede Surya Darmawan, Anna Kurniati, Leni Kuswandari
Abstrak:
Pelatihan dilakukan dalam upaya meningkatkan mutu tenaga kesehatan. Pelatihan pada dasarnya merupakan proses pembelajaran yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kinerja, profesionalisme, dan/atau menunjang pengembangan karir. Pelatihan bagi tenaga kesehatan dapat diselenggarakan oleh pemerintah, pemerintah daerah, dan/atau masyarakat dengan syarat pelatihan harus terakreditasi dan diselenggarakan oleh institusi penyelenggara pelatihan yang terakreditasi pemerintah pusat. Ketersediaan institusi penyelenggara pelatihan bidang kesehatan terakreditasi pemerintah pusat di Indonesia masih terbatas apabila dibandingkan dengan jumlah tenaga kesehatan yang berhak memperoleh pelatihan berkualitas, oleh karena itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan akreditasi institusi penyelenggara pelatihan bidang kesehatan dengan mengamati faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap implementasi sebuah kebijakan antara lain faktor ukuran dan tujuan kebijakan, komunikasi, sumber daya, karakteristik badan pelaksana, lingkungan, disposisi pelaksana, serta kinerja kebijakan implementasi tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif menggunakan dua metode pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen di Direktorat Peningkatan Mutu Tenaga Kesehatan dan institusi-institusi penyelenggara pelatihan bidang kesehatan yang telah terakreditasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan secara umum pencapaian indikator yang menjadi target kinerja kebijakan akreditasi institusi telah tercapai walaupun belum terlihat pemerataannya di seluruh provinsi di Indonesia. Pada beberapa faktor, seperti kejelasan dan pola penyampaian informasi masih perlu dikembangkan upaya lainnya agar informasi dapat jelas dipahami semua pelaksana dengan cara yang efektif dan efisien, khususnya bagi Direktorat Peningkatan Mutu Tenaga Kesehatan. Kemudian pada faktor lingkungan, perlu upaya pendekatan dan koordinasi yang mendalam dan meluas agar kesempatan tenaga kesehatan mengikuti pelatihan terakreditasi yang diselenggarakan institusi penyelenggara pelatihan terakreditasi semakin banyak.
Training is carried out in an effort to improve the quality of health workers. Training is basically a learning process that aims to improve performance, professionalism, and/or support career development. Training for health workers can be organized by government, regional department, or community with the condition that the training must be accredited and held by an accredited health training provider institution. The availability of institutions providing training in the health sector accredited by the central government in Indonesia is still limited when compared to the number of health workers who are entitled to receive quality training. Therefore this study was conducted to analyze the implementation of the accreditation policy for institutions providing training in the health sector by observing factors that contribute to the implementation of a policy include the size and objectives of the policy, communication, resources, characteristics of the implementing agency, environment, disposition of the implementer, as well as the performance of the implementation policy. This research is a qualitative research using two methods of data collection, in-depth interviews and document review at Direktorat Peningkatan Mutu Tenaga Kesehatan and accredited training institutions in the health sector. The results of the study show that in general the achievement of the indicators that are the performance targets for institutional accreditation policies has been achieved, although the distribution has not yet been seen in all provinces in Indonesia. On several factors, such as clarity and patterns of information delivery, other efforts need to be developed so that information can be clearly understood by all implementers in an effective and efficient manner, especially for Direktorat Peningkatan Mutu Tenaga Kesehatan. Then on environmental factors, an in-depth and widespread approach and coordination is needed so that there are more and more opportunities for health workers to take part in accredited training organized by accredited training institutions.
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Training is carried out in an effort to improve the quality of health workers. Training is basically a learning process that aims to improve performance, professionalism, and/or support career development. Training for health workers can be organized by government, regional department, or community with the condition that the training must be accredited and held by an accredited health training provider institution. The availability of institutions providing training in the health sector accredited by the central government in Indonesia is still limited when compared to the number of health workers who are entitled to receive quality training. Therefore this study was conducted to analyze the implementation of the accreditation policy for institutions providing training in the health sector by observing factors that contribute to the implementation of a policy include the size and objectives of the policy, communication, resources, characteristics of the implementing agency, environment, disposition of the implementer, as well as the performance of the implementation policy. This research is a qualitative research using two methods of data collection, in-depth interviews and document review at Direktorat Peningkatan Mutu Tenaga Kesehatan and accredited training institutions in the health sector. The results of the study show that in general the achievement of the indicators that are the performance targets for institutional accreditation policies has been achieved, although the distribution has not yet been seen in all provinces in Indonesia. On several factors, such as clarity and patterns of information delivery, other efforts need to be developed so that information can be clearly understood by all implementers in an effective and efficient manner, especially for Direktorat Peningkatan Mutu Tenaga Kesehatan. Then on environmental factors, an in-depth and widespread approach and coordination is needed so that there are more and more opportunities for health workers to take part in accredited training organized by accredited training institutions.
T-6661
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Isnaniyah Rizky; Pembimbing: Amal Chalik Sjaaf; Penguji: Jaslis Ilyas, Purnawan Junadi,Ria Syafitri Evi Gantini, Lela Amelia
Abstrak:
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Penyelenggaraan Fraksionasi Plasma merupakan salah satu kebijakan yang dilakukan Pemerintah Indonesia dalam rangka memenuhi akses masyarakat terhadap Produk Obat Derivat Plasma (PODP). Sebagaimana diketahui sampai saat ini kesediaan PODP di Indonesia masih 100% impor, hal tersebut menyebabkan PODP masih sulit di akses masyarakat. Permenkes No. 4 tahun 2023 tentang Penyelenggaraan Fraksionasi Plasma merupakan revisi kedua dari peraturan sebelumnya, dimana tidak adanya implementasi yang dicapai pada peraturan-peraturan sebelumnya. Pentingnya melakukan analisis kesiapan kebijakan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi terkait faktor yang berdampak positif dan negatif serta mampu memberikan rekomendasi kepada para pemangku kepentingan agar pelaksanaan implementasi kebijakan penyelenggaraan fraksionasi plasma dapat berjalan dengan baik dan sesuai dengan target waktu yang ditetapkan. Faktor yang mempengaruhi dari implementasi penyelenggaraan fraksionasi plasma tersebut antara lain terkait tata kelola, sistem informasi, teknologi, pembiayaan, sumber daya manusia, layanan, dan politik yang didapati dapat memberikan dampak terhadap keberhasilan implementasi penyelenggaraan fraksionasi plasma lokal sehingga mampu menciptakan kemandirian farmasi dalam rangka mewujudkan pilar ketahanan kesehatan dalam transformasi kesehatan di Indonesia. Kata kunci: Fraksionasi plasma, obat derivat plasma, farmasi
Implementing Plasma Fractionation is one of the policies carried out by the Government of Indonesia to fulfill public access to Plasma Derivative Medicinal Products (PDMPs). As is well known now, PDMPs readiness in Indonesia is still 100% imported, which causes PDMPs to be difficult for the public to access. Permenkes No. 4/2023 concerning the Implementation of Plasma Fractionation is the second revision of the previous regulation, where implementation has yet to be achieved in the previous regulations. The importance of conducting a policy readiness analysis is expected to provide information regarding factors that have positive and negative impacts and to be able to provide recommendations to stakeholders so that the plasma fractionation implementation policy can run well and in accordance with the set time targets. Factors that influence the implementation of plasma fractionation include governance, information systems, technology, financing, human resources, services, and politics, which are found to have an impact on the successful implementation of local plasma fractionation to create pharmaceutical independence in order to realize pillar of health resilience in health transformation in Indonesia. Key words: Plasma fractionation, derivate plasma, pharmaceutical
T-6732
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Yopita Ratnasari; Pembimbing: Adang Bachtiar; Penguji: Ascobat Gani, Ede Surya Darmawan, Verdhany Puspitasari, Jusuf Kristanto
Abstrak:
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Penelitian menempati peran strategis dalam rangka memajukan peradaban suatu bangsa. Kinerja penelitian menjadi salah satu indikator bagi pembangunan bidang kesehatan. Salah satu ukuran kinerja riset nasional adalah Skor SINTA. Berdasarkan Skor SINTA, kinerja dosen Poltekkes Kemenkes masih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan perguruan tinggi lainnya. Pada tahun 2021, Kepala Badan Pengembangan dan Pemberdayaan SDM Kesehatan menetapkan kebijakan berupa SK Nomor HK.02.03/I/6190/2021 tentang Pedoman Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Poltekkes Kemenkes, yang menetapkan kegiatan penelitian dalam 2 kategori dan 7 skema serta dikelola melalui Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Penelitian. Kebijakan tersebut telah diimplementasikan sejak tahun 2021. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami hubungan implementasi kebijakan dengan kinerja penelitian dosen Poltekkes Kemenkes. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain non eksperimental melalui pendekatan crossectional. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui survei dengan instrumen kuesioner, kemudian diperkuat dengan wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan berhubungan signifikan dengan kinerja penelitian (pvalue <0,05). Variabel Struktur organisasi dan karakteristik organisasi pelaksana tidak berhubungan dengan kinerja penelitian dosen (p-value =0,086); variabel hubungan antar organisasi, variabel sumber daya, serta variabel lingkungan sosial, ekonomi, dan politik berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kinerja penelitian dosen (p-value<0,05). Sementara itu, variabel disposisi atau sikap para pelaksana merupakan variabel yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan kinerja penelitian dosen Poltekkes Kemenkes (AOR 1,443; 95%CI: 1,25 – 1,67). Sekalipun berdasarkan hasil penelitian kuantitatif ada variabel yang tidak berhubungan signifikan, namun berdasarkan konfirmasi melalui wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen seluruh variabel implementasi kebijakan berhubungan dengan kinerja penelitian. Kurangnya kemampuan dosen dalam manajemen waktu dan menghasilkan penelitian, rendahnya komitmen untuk melakukan pemutakhiran data Sinta, serta anggaran penelitian yang relatif kecil, berisiko menyebabkan kinerja penelitian menjadi rendah. Oleh karena itu, Ditjen Nakes diharapkan dapat meningkatkan anggaran penelitian; memfasilitasi upaya Poltekkes menjadi BLU; serta menyusun roadmap pelatihan dan pembangunan jejaring penelitian. Poltekkes proaktif melengkapi kebijakan turunan dan melaksanakan pendampingan. Dosen diharapkan juga dapat berkomitmen menempatkan kegiatan penelitian sebagai prioritas utama; mengikuti kegiatan sosialisasi dan peningkatan kapasitas dengan sebaik-baiknya; meningkatkan kapasitas secara mandiri melalui multi-metode dan multimedia, serta kegiatan diskusi dengan sesama peneliti; meningkatkan kualitas penelitian dan publikasinya dan proaktif untuk mencari sumber pendanaan lain di luar BOPTN.
Currently, research performance is one of the indicators for development progress, including development in the health sector. One measure of national research performance is the SINTA Score. Based on the SINTA score, the performance of Health Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health Lecturers is still low when compared to other tertiary institutions. For this reason, in 2021, the Head of the Board for Development and Empowerment of Human Resources for Health set a policy in the form of Decree Number HK.02.03/I/6190/2021 concerning Guidelines for Research and Community Service at the Ministry of Health's Polytechnic. This policy has been implemented since 2021. This study aims to analyze the relationship between policy implementation and the research performance of the Ministry of Health Polytechnic lecturers. This research is a quantitative study with a non-experimental design through a cross-sectional approach. Data collection techniques through surveys with questionnaire instruments, then strengthened by in-depth interviews and document review. The results showed that policy implementation had a significant relationship with research performance (p-value <0.05). Variable organizational structure and characteristics of implementing organizations are not related to lecturer research performance (p-value = 0.086); inter-organizational relationship variables, resource variables, and social, economic, and political environmental variables, are significantly related to lecturer research performance (p-value <0.05). Meanwhile, the variable disposition or attitude of the executors is the most dominant variable related to the research performance of lecturers at the Ministry of Health Polytechnic (AOR 1.443; 95% CI: 1.25 – 1.67). Even though based on the results of quantitative research there are variables that are not significantly related, but based on confirmation through in-depth interviews and review of documents all variables of policy implementation are related to research performance. The lack of lecturers' ability to manage time and produce research, the low commitment to updating Sinta's data, and the relatively small research budget, have the risk of causing low research performance. Therefore, the Directorate General of Health is expected to increase the research budget; encourage Poltekkes to become BLU; as well as preparing a training roadmap and building a research network. Poltekkes proactively complements derivative policies and provides assistance. Lecturers are also expected to be able to commit to placing research activities as a top priority; participate in socialization capacity-building activities as well as possible; increase capacity independently through multi-methods and multimedia, as well as discussion activities with fellow researchers; improve the quality of research and publications and be proactive in seeking other sources of funding outside of BOPTN
T-6671
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Pensa Resta Grahmidri; Pembimbing: Ede Surya Darmawan; Penguji: Vetty Yulianty Permanasari, Kurnia Sari, Cici Sri Suningsih, Viola Handayani
T-5419
Depok : FKM-UI, 2018
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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